Multiproduct Resin Reuse for Clinical and Commercial Manufacturing-Methodology and Acceptance Criteria.

Chromatography resins used for purifying biopharmaceuticals are generally dedicated to a single product. In good manufacturing practice (GMP) facilities that manufacture a limited amount of any particular product, this practice can result in the resin being used for a fraction of its useful life. A methodology for extending resin reuse to multiple products is described. With this methodology, resin and column performance, product carryover, and cleaning effectiveness are continually monitored to ensure that product quality is not affected by multiproduct resin reuse (MRR). Resin and column performance is evaluated in terms of (a) system suitability parameters, such as peak-shape and transition, and height equivalent theoretical plate (HETP) data; (b) key operating parameters, such as flow rate, inlet pressure, and pressure drop across the column; and (c) process performance parameters, such as impurity profiles, product quality, and yield. Historical data are used to establish process capability limits (PCLs) for these parameters. Operation within the PCLs provides assurance that column integrity and binding capacity of the resin are not affected by MRR.Product carryover defined as the carryover of the previously processed product (A) into a dose of the subsequently processed product (B) (COA→B), should be acceptable from a predictive patient safety standpoint. A methodology for determining COA→B from first principles and setting acceptance limits for cleaning validation is described.Cleaning effectiveness is evaluated by performing a blank elution run after inter-campaign cleaning and prior to product changeover. The acceptance limits for product carryover (COA→B) are more stringent for MRR than for single-product resin reuse. Thus, the inter-campaign cleaning process should be robust enough to consistently meet the more stringent acceptance limits for MRR. Additionally, the analytical methods should be sensitive enough to adequately quantify the concentration of the previously processed product (A) and its degradants in the eluent.General considerations for designing small-scale chromatographic studies for process development are also described. These studies typically include process-cycling runs with multiple products followed by viral clearance studies with a panel of model viruses. Small-scale studies can be used to optimize cleaning parameters, predict resin performance and product quality, and estimate the number of multiproduct purification cycles that can be run without affecting product quality. The proposed methodology is intended to be broadly applicable; however, it is acknowledged that alternative approaches may be more appropriate for specific scenarios.LAY ABSTRACT: Chromatography resins used for purifying biopharmaceuticals are generally dedicated to a single product. In good manufacturing practice (GMP) facilities that make a limited amount of any particular product, this practice can result in the resin being used for a fraction of its useful life. A methodology for extending resin reuse to multiple products is described. With this methodology, resin and column performance, product carryover, and cleaning effectiveness are continually monitored to ensure that product quality is not affected by multiproduct resin reuse.General considerations for designing small-scale chromatographic studies for process development are described. These studies typically include process-cycling runs with multiple products followed by viral clearance studies with a panel of model viruses. Small-scale studies can be used to optimize cleaning parameters, predict resin performance and product quality, and estimate the number of multiproduct purification cycles that can be run without impacting product quality.The proposed methodology is intended to be broadly applicable; however, it is acknowledged that alternative approaches may be more appropriate for specific scenarios.

A compression force comparison study among three staple fixation systems.

Traditional staples have recently been redesigned with both new materials and engineering techniques to facilitate interfragmentary compression in theory, resulting in greater friction between bone fragments to counteract shearing forces. In the current study, the biomechanical properties of 3 different staples were investigated. The interfacial force at 2 different sites within a calcaneal bone model was measured after insertion and activation of the OSStaple, the UNI-CLIP, and the Smith and Nephew Standard Large Staple after precompression with the SYNTHES Small Distractor. Additionally, the ability of each staple to maintain compression over a short period of time was investigated. In the current bench study, the OSStaple consistently generated the greatest and most uniform compression across the bone model osteotomy and was also capable of sustaining the compression over the duration of all of the trials.