Improving the properties of fodder potato protein concentrate by enzymatic hydrolysis.

Protein hydrolysates of profitable properties were prepared from the fodder potato protein concentrate. The hydrolysis process was performed with the use of commercial available enzyme (Alcalase) over a 2 and 4 h incubation period. Chemical and amino acid composition as well as functional properties of resultant hydrolysates were determined. A 2 h long process occurred profitable to obtain preparations of well balanced amino acid composition as well as proved functional properties. The industrial preparation, modified within proteolytic enzyme, totally soluble (average 98%), was characterised by fivefold higher oil holding capacity (average 5.4 cm(3)/g) and much better foam capacity (more than 150%) as compared to the material underwent modification (13.00%, 2.1 cm(3)/g and 5.33%, respectively). Presented results suggested potential use of fodder potato protein not destined directly for food purposes as the suitable product for preparations characterised by high nutritive value and functional properties.

The quality of protein of coloured fleshed potatoes.

Potatoes of purple varieties and red flesh colour were estimated as the important food product containing valuable protein. Amino acids concentration and protein nutritive value of coloured potatoes were analysed and compared with traditional yellow-fleshed varieties. Studies comprised potatoes of 13 varieties: 7 of purple-fleshed, four of red-fleshed and two of yellow-fleshed. There were observed differences between studied potatoes with respect to dry matter, starch and protein content as well as to amino acids concentration and protein quality independently on flesh colour. Potatoes of low as well of high content of total protein, independently on flesh colour, characterised similar protein quality, like for example varieties of Blaue Anneliese and Highland B. Red or Blue Congo and Salad Blue. Leucine limited the quality of majority of coloured fleshed potato varieties used for the experiment. The best amino acid profiles and protein quality confirmed by chemical scores and EAA index values characterised purple fleshed Vitelotte and Blaue Anneliese, yellow fleshed Verdi as well as red fleshed Herbie 26, Highland B. Red and Rosemarie.

Effect of pH on phosphorylation of potato protein isolate.

Potato protein isolate (PPI) was phosphorylated with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) at ambient temperature and various reaction pH (5.2, 6.2, 8.0 and 10.5) to improve the functional properties without impairing the nutritional availability. Changes in chemical composition (total and coagulable protein content, ash and minerals content and amino acid composition), functional properties (protein solubility index, emulsifying activity and foaming capacity, water and oil absorption capacity) and phosphorus were determined. The chemical composition and functional properties of phosphorylated potato protein isolate (PP-PPI) were significantly different (p<0.05). The PP-PPI at pH 5.2 was characterised by the highest content of all amino acids, whereas, PP-PPI under alkaline conditions (pH 10.5) caused decrease in these compounds. PP-PPI at pH 8.0 had the highest oil absorption capacity, emulsion activity and foam capacity, whereas, PP-PPI at pH 10.5 had the highest WAC.

[Clinical aspects of contraception by means of copper-7 and copper-T intrauterine devices]. / Kliniczne aspekty antykoncepcji przy pomocy wkladek wewnatrzmacicznych copper-7 i copper-T.

PIP: 270 women with the median age of 29.5 years, were fitted with intrauterine contraceptive devices as outpatients of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic fo the Academy of Medicine in Warsaw, and observed for a total of 6,489 menstrual cycles. 200 of these received the Copper-7 (Gravigard) produced by the British firm Searle, while 70 received the Copper-T produced by the Finnish firm Leiras. The IUDs were inserted on the last day of menstrual flow with a check up 14 days aftrerwards. The second check up followed in 3 months; the remaining were done every 6 months. Most of the women had previously given birth at least once. In 4 cases intrauterine pregnancies developed despite the presence of an IUD, resulting in a Pearl Index of .73. Intermenstrual bleedings occurred in 6.6% of the casdes, menorrhagia in 10.7%, and low abdominal pains in 3.7% cases. Only in 4.4% of the cases did the IUD have to be removed because of the mentioned side effects. Most of the patients, 95%, evaluated this means of contraception as being excellent or good. Those who expressed a low opinion of IUDs were using an IUD for the 1st time. Copper-7 and Copper-T should be worn no longer than 2 years. After a 2 month break a new one can be inserted. There is a new model of Copper-T being produced Cu200Ag which has a silver prong and thus can lengthen the IUD's effectiveness to 5 years. (Summaries in RUS, ENG).^ieng