Organ Transplantation and Donation From the Point of View of College Students.

BACKGROUND: The organ transplantation saves the life of individuals whose life is in danger due to organ/tissue failure. The presence of negative and positive attitudes toward tissue and organ donation is a determinant factor in the donation of tissue and organ donation. PURPOSE: This study has aimed to explore the opinion of senior students studying at the undergraduate level toward organ transplantation and donation. BASIC PROCEDURE: The study employed a descriptive and cross-sectional research design using a reliable questionnaire, which was distributed among 317 undergraduate students at the Faculty of Health Sciences (Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Nutrition, Nursing, Sports Sciences, Health Management Department) during the fall semester of the 2016-2017 academic year. A total of 240 responses were analyzed using χ2 test with SPSS software. MAIN FINDINGS: The results of the study showed that 57.4% of the students were willing to donate their organs after their death, 62.7% of the students' relatives wanted to donate their organs, 57.3% were willing to donate it to their deceased relatives, whereas 96.7% did not have any relative waiting for a transplantation. Families' negative opinions on tissue and organ transplantation and donation, status of getting information about tissue and organ transplantation and donation, and presence of a person waiting for tissue and organ transplantation in the family or in the environment were not effective in students' opinions about tissue and organ transplantation and donation (P > .05). PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study contribute to determination of multicultural features of health sciences students that are likely to affect organ donation.

Pain Characteristics and Pain Interference Among Patients Undergoing Open Cardiac Surgery.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze postoperative pain severity, pain characteristics, and factors that affect pain for patients undergoing open cardiac surgery. DESIGN: A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used. METHODS: This study was conducted on 70 patients who underwent open cardiac surgery at a state hospital in North Cyprus. Data were gathered using the Patient Information Form and Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form. FINDINGS: Patients who underwent open cardiac surgery experienced severe pain. Postoperative pain had a negative impact on deep breathing, coughing, and physical exercise. The patients' postoperative pain severity and postoperative pain interference show a statistically significant relationship between gender, alcohol consumption, prior surgical experience, and satisfaction with pain management (P < .05). A moderately positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the worst pain intensity of the patients in the last 24 hours and their pain interference (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with open cardiac surgery experienced severe pain that restricted their activities. Patients should be informed about pain characteristics they will experience and effective pain management methods to reduce pain.

Psychometric properties of the critical care family needs inventory-emergency department.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory-Emergency Department (CCFNI-ED) in Turkey. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. The questionnaire was administered to 400 family members of patients with a critical illness in an emergency department. The 40-item English version of the CCFNI-ED was translated into Turkish following the standard back-translation methodology. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses (CFA and EFA, respectively) were carried out using principal component analysis with varimax rotation to test the scale's construct validity. We used Cronbach's alpha to examine the CCFNI-ED's internal consistency reliability. RESULTS: The CFA failed to confirm the original Australian factor structure for our sample. The original scale was then modified based on the EFA and the best possible fitting model was obtained for the Turkish family member sample. The Cronbach's alpha of the modified scale was 0.91 and those for the subscales ranged from 0.68 to 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric evaluation showed satisfactory validity and reliability estimates, supporting the use of the Turkish version of the CCFNI-ED with a sample of family members of critically ill patients in an emergency department.

Faculty experiences with rapid integration of male nursing students within a patriarchal societal context.

BACKGROUND: In 2007, reforms by the Turkish government forced a rapid integration of male nursing students into previously all-female schools. The minimal amount of time for faculty preparation, little guidance from nursing leaders and the extant literature, and a societal context of patriarchy created unique challenges for faculty. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and interpret the experiences of nursing faculty as they adapted to the sudden inclusion of men in schools of nursing. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study SETTINGS: Nine schools from six regions across Turkey PARTICIPANTS: 99 nursing faculty who were 22 to 55years of age, primarily female (97.8%), married (65.6%). METHODS: Focus groups were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using constant comparison and tripartite discussion. RESULTS: Analysis yielded three categories, seven themes, and seven subthemes describing variable experiences, perceptions, and adaptive strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The findings presented contradictions characterized by both optimism and concern following the rapid infusion of men into schools of nursing. Concerns primarily centered on the state of gender relations in a larger patriarchal society. The findings foster reflection and discourse as societies characterized by relatively rigid and traditional gender roles confront rapid cultural change and growing calls for diversity within nursing.

Assessment of the Turkish Version of the King's Stool Chart for Evaluating Stool Output and Diarrhea Among Patients Receiving Enteral Nutrition.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the King's Stool Chart (KSC-Tr) in patients receiving enteral nutrition. In total, 212 stool samples taken from 25 patients receiving enteral nutrition during 393 sick days in two intensive care units were assessed using the KSC-Tr. Overall, 110 of 212 stools (51.9%) were characterized as liquid and 111 of 212 stools (52.4%) were characterized as less than 100 g. The daily stool score of patients receiving antibiotics, a risk factor for diarrhea, was higher (mean = 13.6; SD = 10.1) than that of patients not receiving antibiotics (mean = 9.3; SD = 5.0) (p = .001). Diarrhea occurred on more days when patients received antibiotics (62/329; 18.8%) than on days when they did not (3/64; 4.7%) (p = .005). Interobserver agreement of two independent nurses' assessments on 44 stool samples was examined and was good for both stool consistency (κ = 0.76) and stool weight (κ = 0.75). In the intensive care unit, the KSC-Tr can be used as a valid and reliable tool for monitoring diarrhea and stool output in patients receiving enteral nutrition.