Molecular characterization, immunocorrelation analysis, WGCNA analysis and machine learning modeling of genes associated with copper death subtypes of laryngeal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Laryngeal cancer is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucous membrane of the larynx. Currently, the specific involvement mechanism of copper death in laryngeal cancer patients has not been deeply studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the molecular characteristics and clinical survival significance of copper death-related genes in laryngeal cancer. METHODS: Relevant transcriptomes and clinical data were retrieved and downloaded from the GEO database. Differential expression genes related to laryngeal cancer and copper death were selected, and the immune function, clinical risk correlation, and survival prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS: The differential analysis results showed that the differential expression genes related to laryngeal cancer and Cu-proptosis included SLC31A1 and ATP7B, and there was interaction between the immune cell groups in the differential genes of copper death in laryngeal cancer. Decreasing the expression of the gene ANXA5 or increasing the expression of the gene SERPINH1 can increase the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSION: Copper death-related genes can affect the survival prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients. Detection of changes in their expression can provide new diagnostic and treatment directions for the progression of early-stage laryngeal cancer.

Therapeutic effects of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation and partial laryngectomy for glottis cancer: A comparative study.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation and partial laryngectomy in the treatment of early glottis carcinoma. Methods: Clinical data of 80 patients with early glottis carcinoma treated in our hospital from June 2019 to January 2021 were analyzed. Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups based on the type of intervention. Forty patients received partial laryngectomy (Control group) and 40 patients received low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation (Observation group). Surgical indexes, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, and visual analog scale (VAS) score of postoperative pain of patients in the two groups were compared. Postoperative stress response indexes, clinical efficacy, and postoperative recovery in two groups were compared and analyzed. Result: The operation time, hospital stay, intraoperative bleeding, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the Control group (P<0.05). The postoperative pain VAS scores, Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the level of nitro tyrosine (3-NT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After a one-year follow-up, the excellent and good rate of pronunciation function in the observation group (95%) was significantly higher than control group (75%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of early glottis carcinoma is associated with less trauma, short operation time, less bleeding, short hospital stay and low postoperative stress reaction rate. Compared with partial laryngectomy, it has higher safety and better postoperative vocal cord function recovery.

Analysis of Inflammatory and Homeostatic Roles of Tissue-resident Macrophages in the Progression of Cholesteatoma by RNA-Seq.

BACKGROUND: Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMØs) can act as innate-immune sentinels to protect body against microbe invaders and stimulating materials such as cholesterol crystals in cholesteatoma, as well as to preserve tissue integrity by cleaning unwanted cellular debris. METHODS: TRMØs in the incised middle ear tissues were obtained from the patients with cholesteatoma as an experimental group and the patients without cholesteatoma as a control group. Differential gene expression profiling of TRMØs was conducted between two groups by analyzing GO processes, KEGG and GSEA pathways of inflammation, tissue repair and homeostasis. RESULTS: The current study showed that 145 of 7060 genes were significantly up-regulated (logFC>2 and FDR <0.05) when compared with the patients without cholesteatoma. GO process, GSEA and Cytoscape analysis of the over-expressed genes illustrated the boosted inflammatory and anti-infection functions of TRMØs existed neutrophil function, leukocyte migration, and adaptive immune response involved receptors and signaling pathways. Whereas the homeostasis and repair functions of TRMØs were affected from up-regulated genes, such as over-expressed keratin-13 that helped form the outer keratinising squamous epithelial layer, and over-expressed MMPs that activated the extracellular matrix molecules to promote inflammation and disturb tissue remodeling. Additionally, 74 down-regulated genes (logFC<-2 and FDR <0.05) also affected the homeostasis and repair functions by affecting extracelluar matrix structure and contractile fibres in TRMØs. CONCLUSIONS: The cellular and molecular levels in cholesteatoma is attributable to chronic infection and several disturbed cellular biological processes involving cell integrity and tissue remodeling.

Impact of prior cancer history on the survival of patients with larynx cancer.

BACKGROUND: Patients with a prior history of cancer are commonly excluded from clinical trial. Increasing number of studies implied that a prior cancer did not adversely affect the clinical outcome among various types of cancer patients. However, the impact of prior cancer on survival of larynx cancer patients remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of prior cancer and assess its impact on survival of patients diagnosed with larynx cancer. METHODS: Patients with larynx cancer as the first or second primary malignancy diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance baseline characteristics. Kaplan-Meier method, multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, and multivariate competing risk model were performed for survival analysis. RESULTS: A total of 24,812 eligible patients with larynx cancer were included in the study, wherein a total of 2436 patients (9.8%) had a prior history of cancer. Prostate (36%), lung and bronchus (10%), urinary bladder (7%), and breast (6%) were the most common types of prior cancer. A prior cancer history served as a risk factor for overall survival (AHR =1.30; 95% CI [1.21-1.41]; P < 0.001) but a protective factor for cancer-specific mortality (AHR = 0.83; 95% CI [0.72-0.94]; P = 0.004) in comparison with those without prior cancer. The subgroup analysis showed that a prior history of cancer adversely affected overall survival of patients with larynx cancer in most subgroups stratified by timing and types of prior cancer, as well as by different clinicopathologic features. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated an adverse survival impact of a prior history of cancer on patients with larynx cancer. Except for a few particular prior cancer, clinical trials should be considered prudently for laryngeal cancer patients with prior cancers.