Effect of antioxidant supplementation in diets of roosters during the post-peak phase on reproduction and production characteristics of offspring / Efeito da suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta de reprodutores de frangos de corte na fase pós-pico sobre características reprodutivas e produtivas da progênie

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of antioxidant supplementation in diets of breeding roosters during the post-peak phase on reproduction characteristics and muscle performance of offspring in two similar breeder houses from a local company. Treatments consisted of a control diet and a diet supplemented with antioxidants (8 ppm canthaxanthin + 40 ppm lycopene + 150 ppm vitamin C). During the 66th week of age, eggs were incubated, and offspring were housed. Dietary supplementation of the blend of antioxidant resulted in higher (p0.05) of supplementation of the antioxidant blend on weight gain and breast weight and count and diameter of muscle fibers of offspring at 7 days of age. Feed conversion and weight gain from 14 to 35 days were better (p<0.05) in offspring from supplemented roosters. The supplementation of an antioxidant blend in roosters improved reproductive characteristics assessed and feed conversion and weight gain of offspring.

O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de antioxidantes em dietas para reprodutores machos de frangos de corte na fase pós-pico sobre características reprodutivas e muscular da progênie. O experimento foi conduzido no matrizeiro de uma agroindústria local. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta controle e uma dieta suplementada com blend de antioxidantes (8 ppm de cantaxantina + 40 ppm de licopeno + 150 ppm de vitamina C). Na 66ª semana de idade, os ovos foram incubados e a progênie foi alojada. A suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta resultou em maior (p0,05) dos antioxidantes na dieta dos reprodutores sobre o ganho de peso e o peso de peito e a contagem e diâmetro da fibra muscular da progênie aos 7 dias de idade. A conversão alimentar e ganho de peso na fase de 14 a 35 dias foram melhores (p<0,05) para a progênie dos reprodutores suplementados. A suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta dos reprodutores melhorou as características reprodutivas avaliadas e o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar da progênie.

Effect of antioxidant supplementation in diets of roosters during the post-peak phase on reproduction and production characteristics of offspring / Efeito da suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta de reprodutores de frangos de corte na fase pós-pico sobre características reprodutivas e produtivas da progênie

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of antioxidant supplementation in diets of breeding roosters during the post-peak phase on reproduction characteristics and muscle performance of offspring in two similar breeder houses from a local company. Treatments consisted of a control diet and a diet supplemented with antioxidants (8 ppm canthaxanthin + 40 ppm lycopene + 150 ppm vitamin C). During the 66th week of age, eggs were incubated, and offspring were housed. Dietary supplementation of the blend of antioxidant resulted in higher (p<0.05) weights of testicles, crests, dewlaps, dewlap thickness, and number of perforations (53.35 x 25.30) in relation to non-supplemented roosters. There was no significant effect (p>0.05) of supplementation of the antioxidant blend on weight gain and breast weight and count and diameter of muscle fibers of offspring at 7 days of age. Feed conversion and weight gain from 14 to 35 days were better (p<0.05) in offspring from supplemented roosters. The supplementation of an antioxidant blend in roosters improved reproductive characteristics assessed and feed conversion and weight gain of offspring.(AU)

O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de antioxidantes em dietas para reprodutores machos de frangos de corte na fase pós-pico sobre características reprodutivas e muscular da progênie. O experimento foi conduzido no matrizeiro de uma agroindústria local. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta controle e uma dieta suplementada com blend de antioxidantes (8 ppm de cantaxantina + 40 ppm de licopeno + 150 ppm de vitamina C). Na 66ª semana de idade, os ovos foram incubados e a progênie foi alojada. A suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta resultou em maior (p<0,05) peso de testículos, cristas, peso e espessura de barbelas e maior número de perfurações (53,35 x 25,30) em relação aos não suplementados. Não houve efeito significativo (p>0,05) dos antioxidantes na dieta dos reprodutores sobre o ganho de peso e o peso de peito e a contagem e diâmetro da fibra muscular da progênie aos 7 dias de idade. A conversão alimentar e ganho de peso na fase de 14 a 35 dias foram melhores (p<0,05) para a progênie dos reprodutores suplementados. A suplementação de antioxidantes na dieta dos reprodutores melhorou as características reprodutivas avaliadas e o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar da progênie.(AU)

Metabolizable energy for chickens of high and low density corn fractions segregated in densimetric table

Corn is the main energy feed used in broiler chickens rations in most countries. In the literature, there are indications that high density corn segregated in densimetric table contains higher value of metabolizable energy than the corresponding fraction of low density, but the reasons are not clear. This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable energy of different types of corn, segregated in densimetric table, for poultry. The corn types were selected by the texture of grain (flint, semi-dent and dent) and were planted in the same area. Semi-dent grain corn was used as standard, and the flint and dent grains were segregated in a densimetric table to separate 25% of the total as high density and 25% as low density. The flint, semi-dent and dent corn and the high and low density fractions of flint and dent corn were used in a metabolism assay with broiler chickens from 20 to 29 days of age, with 9 replicates, to determine the Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (MEn). The density of the different types of corn, measured as hectoliter weight, varied from 683 to 768 g/L for dent corn and from 778 to 802 g/L for the flint corn; the density of the unsegregated semi-dent corn was intermediate. MEn ranged from 3.109 to 3.194 kcal/g for dent corn and from 3.141 to 3.211 kcal/g for flint corn. MEn of the high density dent corn, 3.194 kcal/g, was higher (p<0.05) than that of the low density fraction, 3.109 kcal/g. Segregation of flint corn did not result in fractions with contrasting MEn values. For dent corn, segregation in densimetric table was effective, resulting in a fraction with improved MEn for chickens.(AU)

Metabolizable energy for chickens of high and low density corn fractions segregated in densimetric table

Corn is the main energy feed used in broiler chickens rations in most countries. In the literature, there are indications that high density corn segregated in densimetric table contains higher value of metabolizable energy than the corresponding fraction of low density, but the reasons are not clear. This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable energy of different types of corn, segregated in densimetric table, for poultry. The corn types were selected by the texture of grain (flint, semi-dent and dent) and were planted in the same area. Semi-dent grain corn was used as standard, and the flint and dent grains were segregated in a densimetric table to separate 25% of the total as high density and 25% as low density. The flint, semi-dent and dent corn and the high and low density fractions of flint and dent corn were used in a metabolism assay with broiler chickens from 20 to 29 days of age, with 9 replicates, to determine the Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (MEn). The density of the different types of corn, measured as hectoliter weight, varied from 683 to 768 g/L for dent corn and from 778 to 802 g/L for the flint corn; the density of the unsegregated semi-dent corn was intermediate. MEn ranged from 3.109 to 3.194 kcal/g for dent corn and from 3.141 to 3.211 kcal/g for flint corn. MEn of the high density dent corn, 3.194 kcal/g, was higher (p<0.05) than that of the low density fraction, 3.109 kcal/g. Segregation of flint corn did not result in fractions with contrasting MEn values. For dent corn, segregation in densimetric table was effective, resulting in a fraction with improved MEn for chickens.

Effect of dietary arginine supplementation after hatching on the intestinal morphometry and integrity of chicks housed under health challenge conditions

Background: Arginine (Arg) is an essential amino acids for birds, especially in the starter phase. The degradation of Argproduces ornithine, a precursor of polyamines that are considered nutritionally important local factors for growth and thedevelopment of small intestinal of the newly hatched chick. The first week is a critical time intestine development andthe aggression to the mucosa may compromise the final productive result. This study aimed to evaluate the productiveperformance, intestinal morphometry and integrity of broilers housed under health challenge conditions and supplementedwith L-Arginine in the pre-starter diet.Materials, Methods & Results: Three-hundred-twenty male Cobb chicks were randomly assigned according to a completelyrandomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications of 16 birds each. Treatments consisted of: A: control (basal diet);B: diet with 1% L-Arginine; C: health challenge (reused poultry manure litter) + basal diet; D: health challenge (reusedpoultry manure litter) + diet with 1% L-Arginine. The reused poultry manure litter was obtained from a commercial poultryfarm with birds in the final growth phase and without any previous treatment. In order to achieve the supplemented dietsit was added 1% Arg replacing the inert. At the ages of seven days, all the birds and the feed remains were weighed inorder to determine body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The small intestine of twenty birds per treatment was weighed and measured; samples of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were taken for injury assessment scores, formorphometric study and counting of goblet cells in segments of the duodenum...(AU)

Effect of dietary arginine supplementation after hatching on the intestinal morphometry and integrity of chicks housed under health challenge conditions

Background: Arginine (Arg) is an essential amino acids for birds, especially in the starter phase. The degradation of Argproduces ornithine, a precursor of polyamines that are considered nutritionally important local factors for growth and thedevelopment of small intestinal of the newly hatched chick. The first week is a critical time intestine development andthe aggression to the mucosa may compromise the final productive result. This study aimed to evaluate the productiveperformance, intestinal morphometry and integrity of broilers housed under health challenge conditions and supplementedwith L-Arginine in the pre-starter diet.Materials, Methods & Results: Three-hundred-twenty male Cobb chicks were randomly assigned according to a completelyrandomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications of 16 birds each. Treatments consisted of: A: control (basal diet);B: diet with 1% L-Arginine; C: health challenge (reused poultry manure litter) + basal diet; D: health challenge (reusedpoultry manure litter) + diet with 1% L-Arginine. The reused poultry manure litter was obtained from a commercial poultryfarm with birds in the final growth phase and without any previous treatment. In order to achieve the supplemented dietsit was added 1% Arg replacing the inert. At the ages of seven days, all the birds and the feed remains were weighed inorder to determine body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The small intestine of twenty birds per treatment was weighed and measured; samples of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were taken for injury assessment scores, formorphometric study and counting of goblet cells in segments of the duodenum...

Thermal conditioning during the first week on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield of broilers submitted to heat stress / Condicionamento térmico na primeira semana sobre o desempenho, morfometria cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça de frangos submetidos ao estresse por calor

This study aimed to assess the influence of thermal conditioning during the first week, and to verify the effect of this, upon the heat challenge by the end of the productive period on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield. A total of 980 Ross male broiler chicks randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design with 4 treatment and 8 replications totaling 32 experimental units. The treatments consisted of different temperature ranges in the first week of life: thermal comfort temperature, temperature below the comfort zone, temperature above the comfort zone and thermal oscillation. At 35 days of age four replicates of each treatment were submitted or not to heat stress in last week's rearing (27 and 32°C). Animals submitted to thermal conditioning in the first week of life showed no adaptation to heat capable of increasing production and carcass characteristics when submitted to chronic heat stress during the final rearing period. Metabolic disorders such as ascites syndrome and sudden death syndrome can occur in both broilers reared above the temperature of thermal comfort in the first week, as those submitted to heat stress from 35 days of age, considering the heart morphometric analysis performed on these birds.

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência do condicionamento térmico durante a primeira semana de vida, e verificar o efeito após o desafio por calor até o final do período de produção sobre o desempenho, morfologia cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça. Um total de 980 pintos de corte, Ross, machos, foi alocado aleatoriamente de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições totalizando 32 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes temperaturas de criação na primeira semana: temperatura de conforto térmico, temperatura baixa, temperatura alta, oscilação térmica. Aos 35 dias de idade, quatro repetições de cada tratamento foram submetidas ou não ao estresse por calor na última semana de criação (27 e 32°C). As aves submetidas ao condicionamento térmico na primeira semana de vida não apresentaram adaptação ao calor capaz de incrementar características produtivas e de carcaça, quando submetidas a estresse crônico por calor durante a fase final de criação. Transtornos metabólicos como a síndrome ascítica e a síndrome morte súbita podem ocorrer tanto em aves criadas acima da temperatura de conforto térmico na primeira semana, quanto àquelas submetidas a estresse por calor a partir dos 35 dias de idade, visto a redução das medidas cardíacas observadas.

Thermal conditioning during the first week on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield of broilers submitted to heat stress / Condicionamento térmico na primeira semana sobre o desempenho, morfometria cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça de frangos submetidos ao estresse por calor

This study aimed to assess the influence of thermal conditioning during the first week, and to verify the effect of this, upon the heat challenge by the end of the productive period on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield. A total of 980 Ross male broiler chicks randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design with 4 treatment and 8 replications totaling 32 experimental units. The treatments consisted of different temperature ranges in the first week of life: thermal comfort temperature, temperature below the comfort zone, temperature above the comfort zone and thermal oscillation. At 35 days of age four replicates of each treatment were submitted or not to heat stress in last week's rearing (27 and 32°C). Animals submitted to thermal conditioning in the first week of life showed no adaptation to heat capable of increasing production and carcass characteristics when submitted to chronic heat stress during the final rearing period. Metabolic disorders such as ascites syndrome and sudden death syndrome can occur in both broilers reared above the temperature of thermal comfort in the first week, as those submitted to heat stress from 35 days of age, considering the heart morphometric analysis performed on these birds.(AU)  

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência do condicionamento térmico durante a primeira semana de vida, e verificar o efeito após o desafio por calor até o final do período de produção sobre o desempenho, morfologia cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça. Um total de 980 pintos de corte, Ross, machos, foi alocado aleatoriamente de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições totalizando 32 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes temperaturas de criação na primeira semana: temperatura de conforto térmico, temperatura baixa, temperatura alta, oscilação térmica. Aos 35 dias de idade, quatro repetições de cada tratamento foram submetidas ou não ao estresse por calor na última semana de criação (27 e 32°C). As aves submetidas ao condicionamento térmico na primeira semana de vida não apresentaram adaptação ao calor capaz de incrementar características produtivas e de carcaça, quando submetidas a estresse crônico por calor durante a fase final de criação. Transtornos metabólicos como a síndrome ascítica e a síndrome morte súbita podem ocorrer tanto em aves criadas acima da temperatura de conforto térmico na primeira semana, quanto àquelas submetidas a estresse por calor a partir dos 35 dias de idade, visto a redução das medidas cardíacas observadas.(AU)