Neutrofilia e hipoalbuminemia em sangue periférico de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum / Neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia in peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil leucocitário e proteico de cães, naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum. Para tanto, foram realizados exame parasitológico de punção de medula e PCR em amostras de pele para identificação de Leishmania spp. e avaliação de sinais clínicos e dermatológicos, para categorizar e distribuir cães em três grupos: grupo controle (GC); Grupo positivo assintomático (GA) e grupo positivo sintomático (GS). Amostras De sangue foram coletadas para avaliação dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos. As principais manifestações clínicas observadas no GS foram alopecia, onicogrifose, ceratoconjuntivite e dermatites eritematosas, esfoliativas e ulcerativas. Os animais com a forma visceral (LVC) apresentaram alterações hematológicas significativas, compatíveis com descrições da literatura, com leucocitose significativa (p<0,05) do GS e do GA quando comparados ao GC, além de anemia no GS e GA, em relação ao GC. Também foram observadas hiperproteinemia, hipergamablobulinemia e hipoalbuminemia significativas em GS, quando comparadas aos demais grupos (p<0,05). A contagem diferencial leucocitária apontou para uma neutrofilia e linfopenia significativas do GS, quando comparadas aos demais grupos (p<0,05), Estando este resultado confirmado pela razão neutrófilo: linfócito aumentada (p<0,05). Ressalta-se um aumento de neutrófilos segmentados maduros no Leucograma, mas sem alterações significativas nos neutrófilos imaturos. Animais naturalmente infectados por L. infantum apresentaram leucocitose com neutrofilia e hipoalbuminemia características de alterações sistêmicas associadas a um processo inflamatório. Contudo, faz-se necessária uma investigação mais aprofundada, com um maior número de animais e com acompanhamento da LVC para avaliar a participação dos neutrófilos imaturos neste processo.

The Objective of this study was to evaluate the leukocyte and protein profile of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania Infantum. For that, a bone marrow parasitological test and PCR were performed to identify Leishmania spp. Evaluation of clinical and dermatological signs was used to categorize and distribute dogs in three groups: control group (CG); asymptomatic group (AG) and symptomatic group (SG). Blood samples were collected for evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters.The Main clinical manifestations observed in SG were alopecia, onychogryphosis, keratoconjunctivitis and dermatitis. Leukocytosis and anemia were observed in SG and AG (p<0.05) when compared to CG. In SG were detected hyperproteinemia with hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The differential leukocytes count indicated neutrophilia and lymphopenia in SG when compared to AG and CG (p<0.05), and this result was confirmed bya neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio which was increased (p<0.05). We Highlight an increase of mature segmented neutrophils in GS, but there is no change in immature neutrophils. Thus, animals naturally infected by L. infantum presented leukocytosis with neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia characteristic of systemic changes associated to inflammatory process. However, a more in-depth investigation with a larger number of animals and earlier follow-Up of CanL Animals is necessary to evaluate the participation of immature neutrophils in this process.

Neutrofilia e hipoalbuminemia em sangue periférico de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum / Neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia in peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil leucocitário e proteico de cães, naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum. Para tanto, foram realizados exame parasitológico de punção de medula e PCR em amostras de pele para identificação de Leishmania spp. e avaliação de sinais clínicos e dermatológicos, para categorizar e distribuir cães em três grupos: grupo controle (GC); Grupo positivo assintomático (GA) e grupo positivo sintomático (GS). Amostras De sangue foram coletadas para avaliação dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos. As principais manifestações clínicas observadas no GS foram alopecia, onicogrifose, ceratoconjuntivite e dermatites eritematosas, esfoliativas e ulcerativas. Os animais com a forma visceral (LVC) apresentaram alterações hematológicas significativas, compatíveis com descrições da literatura, com leucocitose significativa (p<0,05) do GS e do GA quando comparados ao GC, além de anemia no GS e GA, em relação ao GC. Também foram observadas hiperproteinemia, hipergamablobulinemia e hipoalbuminemia significativas em GS, quando comparadas aos demais grupos (p<0,05). A contagem diferencial leucocitária apontou para uma neutrofilia e linfopenia significativas do GS, quando comparadas aos demais grupos (p<0,05), Estando este resultado confirmado pela razão neutrófilo: linfócito aumentada (p<0,05). Ressalta-se um aumento de neutrófilos segmentados maduros no Leucograma, mas sem alterações significativas nos neutrófilos imaturos. Animais naturalmente infectados por L. infantum apresentaram leucocitose com neutrofilia e hipoalbuminemia características de alterações sistêmicas associadas a um processo inflamatório. Contudo, faz-se necessária uma investigação mais aprofundada, com um maior número de animais e com acompanhamento da LVC para avaliar a participação dos neutrófilos imaturos neste processo.(AU)

The Objective of this study was to evaluate the leukocyte and protein profile of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania Infantum. For that, a bone marrow parasitological test and PCR were performed to identify Leishmania spp. Evaluation of clinical and dermatological signs was used to categorize and distribute dogs in three groups: control group (CG); asymptomatic group (AG) and symptomatic group (SG). Blood samples were collected for evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters.The Main clinical manifestations observed in SG were alopecia, onychogryphosis, keratoconjunctivitis and dermatitis. Leukocytosis and anemia were observed in SG and AG (p<0.05) when compared to CG. In SG were detected hyperproteinemia with hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The differential leukocytes count indicated neutrophilia and lymphopenia in SG when compared to AG and CG (p<0.05), and this result was confirmed bya neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio which was increased (p<0.05). We Highlight an increase of mature segmented neutrophils in GS, but there is no change in immature neutrophils. Thus, animals naturally infected by L. infantum presented leukocytosis with neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia characteristic of systemic changes associated to inflammatory process. However, a more in-depth investigation with a larger number of animals and earlier follow-Up of CanL Animals is necessary to evaluate the participation of immature neutrophils in this process.(AU)

A clinical trial and oral wound treated by essential oil of Lippia sidoides mouthrinse in horses

Background: Frequently the equine oral cavity is target of dental alterations, irregular wear of the dentition, tartar accumulation, gums inflammation, and other oral mucosa lesions. Therapeutically, active plants have been proposed to actpreventively against oral infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate a mouthrinse prepared with Lippia sidoidesCham. essential oil in equine dental diseases and oral wound healing treatment.Materials, Methods & Results: The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Use of Animals(CEUA) of the State University of Ceara (UECE), n° 1158255-0/75. Mouthrinse was prepared with essential oil extractedfrom leaves of L. sidoides (EOLS). Thymol was the main constituent of the oil, up to 70%. Horses were chosen basedon clinical and oral examination. Dental calculus and gingivitis grade from incisor and canine teeth were scored duringevaluation. Two groups were used; OELS group (n = 10), and control group (n = 6), treated with mouthwash without EO(MR). A surgical scar (0.5 x 2 cm) was made near tooth 106 with the animals sedated. The lesions were observed on days 0(D0), 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) after treatment that was applied once in 48 h for 14 days. Recovery of oral mucosa was,blindly, evaluated in tissue samples. EOLS treatment reduced teeth calculus scores from D0 to D14 (P ≤ 0.05). In relationto histological parameters, EOLS treatment induced discreet proliferation of fibroblasts and a moderated inflammation onD3; moderated proliferation of fibroblasts and moderated inflammation, intense angiogenesis and re-epithelization on D7,and intense fibroblast proliferation, intense angiogenesis, and reduced inflammation with complete...(AU)

TNF-α and IL-10 Modulate CK and CK-MB Activities in Naturally Infected Dogs byLeishmania infantum

Background: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the Leishmania genusprotozoa, characterized by increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators. The parasite presence has been reportedin various organs and tissues, such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver and skin, in addition the cardiac muscle.Cardiac muscle lesions provide the substances release, among which we can mention the creatine kinase (CK), its MBsubunit (CK-MB) and troponin. The changes that cause these injuries depend not only of the parasite presence, but alsothe increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines. Although most studies focus on the proinflammatory cytokinesaction, regulatory cytokines of the inflammatory process has gained evidence in the immune response to the Leishmaniainfantum and can be directly associated with the cardiac damage pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate theTNF-α and IL-10 serum levels in naturally infected dogs by L. infantum and relates them to cardiac biomarkers, in thedifferent clinical forms of disease.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 30 adult dogs were used, being 10 negative (ND) and 20 positive for CVL.All seropositive animals were subjected to clinical examination, observing the presence of characteristic clinical signs ofdisease, being divided into two groups: asymptomatic (AD, n = 10) and symptomatic (SD, n = 10) dogs. Blood samplesfrom all animals were collected to obtain serum for subsequent measurement of TNF-α, IL-10, CK and CK-MB. Datawere analyzed by Kruskal-Wallys test, followed by Dunns test. The correlation and influence of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α on CK, CK-MB and CK-MB/CK, were determined by Spearman correlation test and linear regression. To evaluatethe relationship between the clinical signs onset and the TNF-α, IL-10, IL-10/TNF-α, CK, CK-MB and CK-MB/CK serum...(AU)

A clinical trial and oral wound treated by essential oil of Lippia sidoides mouthrinse in horses

Background: Frequently the equine oral cavity is target of dental alterations, irregular wear of the dentition, tartar accumulation, gums inflammation, and other oral mucosa lesions. Therapeutically, active plants have been proposed to actpreventively against oral infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate a mouthrinse prepared with Lippia sidoidesCham. essential oil in equine dental diseases and oral wound healing treatment.Materials, Methods & Results: The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Use of Animals(CEUA) of the State University of Ceara (UECE), n° 1158255-0/75. Mouthrinse was prepared with essential oil extractedfrom leaves of L. sidoides (EOLS). Thymol was the main constituent of the oil, up to 70%. Horses were chosen basedon clinical and oral examination. Dental calculus and gingivitis grade from incisor and canine teeth were scored duringevaluation. Two groups were used; OELS group (n = 10), and control group (n = 6), treated with mouthwash without EO(MR). A surgical scar (0.5 x 2 cm) was made near tooth 106 with the animals sedated. The lesions were observed on days 0(D0), 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) after treatment that was applied once in 48 h for 14 days. Recovery of oral mucosa was,blindly, evaluated in tissue samples. EOLS treatment reduced teeth calculus scores from D0 to D14 (P ≤ 0.05). In relationto histological parameters, EOLS treatment induced discreet proliferation of fibroblasts and a moderated inflammation onD3; moderated proliferation of fibroblasts and moderated inflammation, intense angiogenesis and re-epithelization on D7,and intense fibroblast proliferation, intense angiogenesis, and reduced inflammation with complete...

TNF-α and IL-10 Modulate CK and CK-MB Activities in Naturally Infected Dogs byLeishmania infantum

Background: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the Leishmania genusprotozoa, characterized by increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators. The parasite presence has been reportedin various organs and tissues, such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver and skin, in addition the cardiac muscle.Cardiac muscle lesions provide the substances release, among which we can mention the creatine kinase (CK), its MBsubunit (CK-MB) and troponin. The changes that cause these injuries depend not only of the parasite presence, but alsothe increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines. Although most studies focus on the proinflammatory cytokinesaction, regulatory cytokines of the inflammatory process has gained evidence in the immune response to the Leishmaniainfantum and can be directly associated with the cardiac damage pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate theTNF-α and IL-10 serum levels in naturally infected dogs by L. infantum and relates them to cardiac biomarkers, in thedifferent clinical forms of disease.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 30 adult dogs were used, being 10 negative (ND) and 20 positive for CVL.All seropositive animals were subjected to clinical examination, observing the presence of characteristic clinical signs ofdisease, being divided into two groups: asymptomatic (AD, n = 10) and symptomatic (SD, n = 10) dogs. Blood samplesfrom all animals were collected to obtain serum for subsequent measurement of TNF-α, IL-10, CK and CK-MB. Datawere analyzed by Kruskal-Wallys test, followed by Dunn’s test. The correlation and influence of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α on CK, CK-MB and CK-MB/CK, were determined by Spearman correlation test and linear regression. To evaluatethe relationship between the clinical signs onset and the TNF-α, IL-10, IL-10/TNF-α, CK, CK-MB and CK-MB/CK serum...