Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) for obstructive antrum pyloric leiomyoma in a bitch

Background: Gastric neoplasms are uncommon in dogs, especially those affecting smooth muscle layers. Leiomyoma is a smooth muscle benign neoplasm, which requires surgical resection. Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) is the most indicated technique in cases not affecting the biliary and pancreatic tracts. Thus, the purpose of this study was to report a successful case of Billroth I procedure in a bitch presenting antrum pyloric obstructive leiomyoma. Case: A 12-year-old, non-spayed, Cocker Spaniel bitch was admitted presenting depression, hyporexia, postprandial vomiting and sparse episodes of hematemesis, for 30 days. Clinical suspicion on obstructive gastric outflow disease was established. Bloodwork (complete blood count, BUN, albumin, ALP and ALT), abdominal ultrasound and thoracic radiographs were assessed. The patient undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. On endoscopic evaluation, small hemorrhagic mucosa ulcers were visualized on the gastric body, antrum and pylorus. Moreover, a sessile, ulcerated, round-shape and infiltrated antral-pyloric mass was seen. The mass was 1.5-2.0 cm in diameter and apparently involved the smooth muscle layer, causing severe pyloric obstruction. However, endoscopic evaluation of the duodenum was possible. Several biopsy samples were taken from the neoplasm and sent for histopathologic assessment. The result was [...](AU)

Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) for obstructive antrum pyloric leiomyoma in a bitch

Background: Gastric neoplasms are uncommon in dogs, especially those affecting smooth muscle layers. Leiomyoma is a smooth muscle benign neoplasm, which requires surgical resection. Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) is the most indicated technique in cases not affecting the biliary and pancreatic tracts. Thus, the purpose of this study was to report a successful case of Billroth I procedure in a bitch presenting antrum pyloric obstructive leiomyoma. Case: A 12-year-old, non-spayed, Cocker Spaniel bitch was admitted presenting depression, hyporexia, postprandial vomiting and sparse episodes of hematemesis, for 30 days. Clinical suspicion on obstructive gastric outflow disease was established. Bloodwork (complete blood count, BUN, albumin, ALP and ALT), abdominal ultrasound and thoracic radiographs were assessed. The patient undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. On endoscopic evaluation, small hemorrhagic mucosa ulcers were visualized on the gastric body, antrum and pylorus. Moreover, a sessile, ulcerated, round-shape and infiltrated antral-pyloric mass was seen. The mass was 1.5-2.0 cm in diameter and apparently involved the smooth muscle layer, causing severe pyloric obstruction. However, endoscopic evaluation of the duodenum was possible. Several biopsy samples were taken from the neoplasm and sent for histopathologic assessment. The result was [...]

Ochratoxigenic fungi associated with green coffee beans (Coffea arabica L. ) in conventional and organic cultivation in Brazil.

The genera Aspergillus comprises species that produce mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxins and patulin. These are cosmopolitan species, natural contaminants of agricultural products. In coffee grains, the most important Aspergillus species in terms of the risk of presenting mycotoxins belong to the genera Aspergillus Section Circumdati and Section Nigri. The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of isolated ochratoxigenic fungi of coffee grains from organic and conventional cultivation from the South of Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as to evaluate which farming system presents higher contamination risk by ochratoxin A (OTA) produced by fungi. Thirty samples of coffee grains (Coffea arabica L.) were analysed, being 20 of them of conventional coffee grains and 10 of them organic. The microbiological analysis was done with the Direct Plating Technique in a Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar (DRBC) media. The identification was done based on the macro and micro morphological characteristics and on the toxigenic potential with the Plug Agar technique. From the 30 samples analysed, 480 filamentous fungi of the genera Aspergillus of the Circumdati and Nigri Sections were isolated. The ochratoxigenic species identified were: Aspergillus auricoumus, A. ochraceus, A. ostianus, A. niger and A. niger Aggregate. The most frequent species which produces ochratoxin A among the isolated ones was A. ochraceus, corresponding to 89.55%. There was no significant difference regarding the presence of ochratoxigenic A. ochreceus between the conventional and organic cultivation systems, which suggests that the contamination risk is similar for both cultivation systems.(AU)

Desenvolvimento de filmes de desintegração oral para liberação de compostos bioativos / Development of orally disintegrating films for release of bioactive compounds

É crescente o interesse dos consumidores por produtos naturais com apelo funcional. Por isso tem se estudado novos veículos de liberação de compostos bioativos, como por exemplo, os filmes de desintegração oral. A própolis é uma fonte natural rica em compostos ativos, como por exemplo, os compostos fenólicos, que lhe confere atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante. O colágeno hidrolisado pode apresentar diversos benefícios quando ingerido, como aumento da densidade óssea e representa uma boa fonte de peptídeos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar os filmes de desintegração oral à base de gelatina aditivados com colágeno hidrolisado (CH) e extrato etanólico de própolis (EEP). Os filmes foram produzidos pela técnica de casting mantendo constante a massa de gelatina(mG) colágeno hidrolisado(mCH) em 2 g de mG+CH (g/100g de solução filmogênica), e a concentração de sorbitol em 30g (g/100g de mG+CH). Foram avaliadas diferentes concentrações de CH (0, 10, 20 e 30 g/100 g de mG+CH) e de EEP (0, 100 e 200 g /100 g de mG+CH). Os filmes foram caracterizados em relação à cor e opacidade, matéria total solúvel, umidade, propriedades mecânicas (tensão na ruptura e elongação), microscopia eletrônica de varredura, mucoadesividade, ângulo de contato, tempo de desintegração, grau de intumescimento, concentração de compostos fenólicos, liberação in vitro, cinética de liberação, calorimetria diferencial de varredura, espectroscopia de infravermelho com transforma de Fourier (FTIR), atividade antimicrobiana e estabilidade dos compostos fenólicos em função do tempo armazenamento. [...] Desta forma, os filmes de desintegração oral aditivados com extrato etanólico de própolis e colágeno hidrolisado representam uma boa alternativa como veículo de compostos fenólicos na cavidade oral.

There is an increase in the interest of consumers for natural products with functional appeal. Therefore, it has been studied new vehicles for release of bioactive compounds, such as orally disintegrating films. Propolis is a rich natural source of active compounds, such as phenolic compounds, responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Hydrolyzed collagen may have several benefits when ingested, such as increased bone density and it is a good source of peptides. This study aimed the development and characterization of orally disintegrating films gelatin-based additives with hydrolyzed collagen (CH) and ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). The films were produced by casting, keeping mass constant of gelatin (mG) and hydrolyzed collagen (mCH) at 2 g of mG+CH/100 g filmogenic solution, and the concentration of sorbitol at 30 g/100 g mG+CH. It was evaluating different concentrations of CH (0, 10, 20 and 30 g/100 g of mG+CH) and EEP (0, 100 and 200 g/100 g of mG+CH). The films were characterized regarding color and opacity, total soluble matter, moisture, mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation), scanning electron microscopy, mucoadhesion, contact angle, disintegration time, swelling degree, concentration of phenolic compounds, in vitro release, release kinetics, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), antimicrobial activity and stability of phenolic compounds were evaluated during the storage time. Increasing in concentration of CH caused a significant increase of solubility. For mechanical properties was observed increased at elongation for films with collagen in relation to control film and significant reduction of tensile strength with increasing of CH. [...] Thus, the orally disintegrating film additives with ethanol extract of propolis and hydrolyzed collagen represent a good alternative as a vehicle of phenolic compounds in the oral cavity.

Desenvolvimento de filmes de desintegração oral para liberação de compostos bioativos / Development of orally disintegrating films for release of bioactive compounds

É crescente o interesse dos consumidores por produtos naturais com apelo funcional. Por isso tem se estudado novos veículos de liberação de compostos bioativos, como por exemplo, os filmes de desintegração oral. A própolis é uma fonte natural rica em compostos ativos, como por exemplo, os compostos fenólicos, que lhe confere atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante. O colágeno hidrolisado pode apresentar diversos benefícios quando ingerido, como aumento da densidade óssea e representa uma boa fonte de peptídeos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar os filmes de desintegração oral à base de gelatina aditivados com colágeno hidrolisado (CH) e extrato etanólico de própolis (EEP). Os filmes foram produzidos pela técnica de casting mantendo constante a massa de gelatina(mG) colágeno hidrolisado(mCH) em 2 g de mG+CH (g/100g de solução filmogênica), e a concentração de sorbitol em 30g (g/100g de mG+CH). Foram avaliadas diferentes concentrações de CH (0, 10, 20 e 30 g/100 g de mG+CH) e de EEP (0, 100 e 200 g /100 g de mG+CH). Os filmes foram caracterizados em relação à cor e opacidade, matéria total solúvel, umidade, propriedades mecânicas (tensão na ruptura e elongação), microscopia eletrônica de varredura, mucoadesividade, ângulo de contato, tempo de desintegração, grau de intumescimento, concentração de compostos fenólicos, liberação in vitro, cinética de liberação, calorimetria diferencial de varredura, espectroscopia de infravermelho com transforma de Fourier (FTIR), atividade antimicrobiana e estabilidade dos compostos fenólicos em função do tempo armazenamento. [...] Desta forma, os filmes de desintegração oral aditivados com extrato etanólico de própolis e colágeno hidrolisado representam uma boa alternativa como veículo de compostos fenólicos na cavidade oral. (AU)

There is an increase in the interest of consumers for natural products with functional appeal. Therefore, it has been studied new vehicles for release of bioactive compounds, such as orally disintegrating films. Propolis is a rich natural source of active compounds, such as phenolic compounds, responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Hydrolyzed collagen may have several benefits when ingested, such as increased bone density and it is a good source of peptides. This study aimed the development and characterization of orally disintegrating films gelatin-based additives with hydrolyzed collagen (CH) and ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). The films were produced by casting, keeping mass constant of gelatin (mG) and hydrolyzed collagen (mCH) at 2 g of mG+CH/100 g filmogenic solution, and the concentration of sorbitol at 30 g/100 g mG+CH. It was evaluating different concentrations of CH (0, 10, 20 and 30 g/100 g of mG+CH) and EEP (0, 100 and 200 g/100 g of mG+CH). The films were characterized regarding color and opacity, total soluble matter, moisture, mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation), scanning electron microscopy, mucoadhesion, contact angle, disintegration time, swelling degree, concentration of phenolic compounds, in vitro release, release kinetics, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), antimicrobial activity and stability of phenolic compounds were evaluated during the storage time. Increasing in concentration of CH caused a significant increase of solubility. For mechanical properties was observed increased at elongation for films with collagen in relation to control film and significant reduction of tensile strength with increasing of CH. [...] Thus, the orally disintegrating film additives with ethanol extract of propolis and hydrolyzed collagen represent a good alternative as a vehicle of phenolic compounds in the oral cavity. (AU)