Pelvimetric characteristics in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) bred under human care / Características pelvimétricas em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) criadas sob cuidados humanos

The aim of the study was to establish the pattern of the agouti pelvis by obtaining external and radiographic internal pelvimetric values. Forty-three agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), females and males bred in under human care were used. The parameters measured were the external biiliac diameter; the external biischiatic diameter; right and left external ilioischiatic diameters and radiographic internal measurements (true conjugated, the diagonal conjugated; the vertical, the sacral, sagittal, coxal tuberosity, upper biiliac, lower biiliac, and biischiatic diameter. The inlet pelvic area and the outlet pelvic area were calculated, as well the height/width ratios of the entrance area of the pelvis and the pelvic outlet area were calculated. The mean values for each body measurement of females and males were: weight 1.91kg and 2.04kg, external biiliac diameter 6.32cm and 6.30cm, external biischiatic diameter 4.34cm and 4.28cm, right external ilioischiatic diameter 9.01cm and 9.33cm, left external ilioischiatic diameter 9.13cm and 9.30cm, true conjugated 3.90cm and 3.68cm, diagonal conjugated 7.13cm and 6.91cm, vertical diameter 2.59cm and 2.45cm, sacral diameter 2.63cm and 2.44cm, sagittal diameter 3.30cm and 3.09cm, coxal tuberosity diameter 2.52cm and 2.43cm, upper biiliac diameter 6.28cm and 6.24cm, lower biiliac diameter 2.98cm and 2.58cm, biischiatic diameter 2.60cm and 2.70cm, height/width ratio - vertical/ lower biiliac diameter 0.88cm and 0.95cm, sagital/coxal tuberosity diameter 1.32cm and 1.28cm, inlet pelvic area 82.38cm and 77.83cm and outlet pelvic area 24.76cm and 20.07cm. Agouti are dolichopelvic animals, demonstrating the existence of a discrete sexual dimorphism in adults and low intensity correlations between the external and internal measures studied.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o padrão da pelve de cutia, masculina e feminina, por meio da obtenção dos valores médios da pelvimetria externa e interna radiográfica. Foram utilizadas 43 cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), fêmeas e machos criadas sob cuidados humanos. Os parâmetros medidos foram o diâmetro biilíaco externo; o diâmetro biisquiático externo; diâmetros ilioisquiáticos externos direito e esquerdo e medidas internas radiográficas (diâmetros conjugado verdadeiro, diagonal conjugado, vertical, sacral, sagital, tuberosidade coxal, biilíaco superior, biilíaco inferior e diâmetro biisquiático). A área pélvica de entrada e a área pélvica de saída foram calculadas , assim como foram calculadas as razões altura/largura da área de entrada da pelve e da área de saída da pelve. Os valores médios para as medidas das fêmeas e dos machos foram, respectivamente: peso 1,91kg e 2,04kg, diâmetro biilíaco externo 6,32cm e 6,30 cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo 4,34cm e 4,28cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo direito 9,01cm e 9,33cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo esquerdo 9,13cm e 9,30cm, diâmetro conjugado verdadeiro 3,90cm e 3,68cm, diâmetro conjugado diagonal 7,13cm e 6,91cm, diâmetro vertical 2,59cm e 2,45cm, diâmetro sacral 2,63cm e 2,44cm, diâmetro sagital 3,30cm e 3,09cm, tuberosidade coxal diâmetro 2,52cm e 2,43cm, diâmetro biilíaco superior 6,28cm e 6,24cm, diâmetro biilíaco inferior 2,98cm e 2,58cm, diâmetro biisquiático 2,60cm e 2,70cm, relação altura/largura - vertical/diâmetro biilíaco inferior 0,88cm e 0,95cm, diâmetro sagital/coxal tuberosidade 1,32cm e 1,28cm, área pélvica de entrada 82,38cm e 77,83 cm e área pélvica de saída 24,76cm e 20,07cm. As cutias são animais dolicopélvicos, demonstrando a existência de um discreto dimorfismo sexual em adultos e correlações de baixa intensidade entre as medidas externas e internas estudadas.

Cardiovascular system of agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha)

Background: The species Dasyprocta prymnolopha is a wild rodent with a geographic distribution that extends from Mexico to South America, including Brazil. Agouti has been the subject of morphophysiological research, but data on the cardiovascular system remains limited. Therefore, the objective was to describe the macroscopic and microscopic morphology, including the study of the cardiac and coronary system syntopy of the species D. prymnolopha. Materials, Methods & Results: Twelve Dasyprocta primnolopha adults were used, 6 males and 6 females. Topographic analysis of the heart was evaluated in situ, with subsequent measurement, anatomovascular description and macroscopic study of cardiac and coronary vascularization. A microscopic investigation and identification of structural cardiac aspects were also carried out in adult agoutis, the biological samples of the heart were submitted to histological techniques and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson's Trichrome. The heart is located between the end of the 2nd and the beginning of the 5th intercostal space, with the apex reaching the 6th space. It presents the presence of 2 ligaments: phrenopericardium and sternopericardium. The right atrioventricular valve is composed of 2 cusps, the parietal and the septal, with variations within the same species for 3 cusps. Projections that interconnect the papillary muscles with each other were observed. In the left ventricle there are variations in the number of papillary muscles (range 2 to 4). In the region of the aortic valve, 5 ostia were observed in the left aortic sinus in all animals. The coronary circulation has a predominantly left distribution. Histologically, the heart consists of 3 main layers: endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium. The cusp valves of the atrioventricular openings are composed of endocardial folds that contain a central plate of dense connective tissue, and inserted in this cardiac musculature was observed the cardiac skeleton, with its fibrous ring consisting of collagen and elastic fibers that surrounds the atrioventricular opening. Discussion: Cardiac assessment in wild animals is challenging, as in-depth knowledge of the morphology of the cardiovascular system is required for the use of diagnostic tools. In this first anatomical study of the heart, this organ presents syntopy with those of other rodents, but the topography may vary in individuals of the same species, which may be related to the accentuated vertebral curve. The phrenopericardial and sternopericardial ligaments were observed in this research, although there are no reports in other species of Dasyprocta sp. The arrangement of the arteries has, as a particularity, the larger left atrium in relation to the heart/atrium size ratio when compared to other domestic species, covering the left coronary sinus until it reaches the left atrial surface. In the agouti, it was observed that the vascularization is left, with the left coronary artery giving rise to both the paraconal and subsinuous interventricular branch, a fact found in animals such as ruminants, dogs. In the histological observations of the present study, the heart was similar to that of other mammals. Our data reveal morphological characteristics similar to those of other mammals, but with very expressive characteristics that differ even within the species. It is important to generate new information to elucidate cardiac and coronary diagnostic analyses, which can be extended to different species.

Structural plasticity and isolation of umbilical cord progenitor cells of agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) raised in captivity / Plasticidade estrutural e isolamento de células progenitoras do cordão umbilical de cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) criadas em cativeiro

The agouti has been used as an experimental model in several studies focused on reproductive biology. The umbilical cord, an embryonic attachment that connects the foetus to the placenta, has been reported as an important anatomical site for obtaining stem cells. The objective of this study was to describe macro- and microscopically the umbilical cord of agoutis at different stages of gestation, to expand and cultivate in vitro the progenitor cells and to report their morphological characteristics. Seven cutias were submitted to caesarean section to collect the umbilical cords: five were destined for studies of cord structure in different stages of gestation (30, 35, 50, 75 and 100 days postcoital), and two were collected in the third stage of gestation for isolation and cell culture. The umbilical cord of cutias assumes a spiral arrangement, with veins and arteries on it starting 50 days after coitus. The arteries present an outer layer of smooth muscle fibres in a longitudinal and circular arrangement and a medium layer of smooth muscle fibres with only longitudinal and intimate orientation and coated by the endothelium. The veins consist of longitudinal smooth muscle fibres with an extract of smooth muscle cells, and the endothelium, in all analysed gestational phases, is a structure bounded by simple pavement epithelial tissue originating from the amnion, adhered to Whartons Jelly and forming the umbilical vessels and allantoid duct. The proposed protocol allowed the collection of a high cellular concentration of umbilical cord progenitor cells from viable cutias.(AU)

A cutia vem sendo utilizada como modelo experimental em diversos estudos voltados à biologia reprodutiva. O cordão umbilical, anexo embrionário que une o feto à placenta, tem sido relatado como um importante sítio anatômico para obtenção de células-tronco. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever macro e microscopicamente o cordão umbilical de cutias, em fases diferentes da gestação, expandir e cultivar in vitro as células progenitoras e relatar suas características morfológicas. Foram utilizadas sete cutias submetidas à cesariana para a coleta dos cordões umbilicais, cinco foram destinadas aos estudos da estrutura do cordão, em diferentes estágios de gestação (30, 35, 50, 75 e 100 dias pós-coito), e duas, no terço final da gestação, para isolamento e cultivo celular. O cordão umbilical de cutia assume disposição espiralada, com veias e artérias sobre ele a partir dos 50 dias após o coito. As artérias apresentam camada externa de fibras musculares lisas, disposição longitudinal e circular, camada média de fibras musculares lisas, apenas com disposição longitudinal e íntima revestida pelo endotélio. As veias constituídas por fibras musculares lisas longitudinais com um extrato de células musculares lisas e pelo endotélio. Em todas as fases gestacionais analisadas é uma estrutura delimitada por tecido epitelial simples pavimentoso, proveniente do âmnio, aderido a Geleia de Wharton e com formação de vasos umbilicais e ducto alantóide. O protocolo proposto permitiu a coleta de células progenitoras do cordão umbilical de cutias, viáveis com elevada concentração celular.(AU)

Stereological and morphometric study of type 3 collagen formation in the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice treated with mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Wound healing is a progressive, essential and complex physiological process that occurs as a restorative response after a tissue injury. It involves three phases: inflammation, proliferation and maturation. Exogenous, endogenous and pathological factors may interfere in the cicatricial process in humans and animals by altering the balance between the synthesis, degradation and remodelling of collagen and elastic fibres. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic disease that alters elastogenesis and collagenesis and induces delays in the healing process. Scientific evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells modulate the cicatricial response. Thus the objective of this work was to perform stereological and morphometric analysis to determine the formation of dermal fibres in cutaneous fragments of a murine model of diabetes mellitus.Materials, Methods & Results: Histological sections were obtained from the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice. The cutaneous wounds were previously treated with autogenous mesenchymal stem cells, physiological solution or polyurethane membrane. The histological sections were subsequently processed and stained for type 1 and 3 collagen fibres and elastic fibres using Picrosirius Red and Weigert staining, respectively. Histological sections stained with Picrosirius Red presented three types of birefringence under polarised light microscopy that corresponded to red colours for type 1 collagen and green and yellow colours for type 3 collagen. Weigert staining presented three colours for histological structures under white light microscopy that corresponded to black colours for elastic fibres, variations in colour from pink to purple for other structures and dermal attachments. The elastic fibres, represented by a black colour, presented in a heterogeneous form and were either identified as thin, punctiform or rectangular fibres or as elastic agglomerates.[....]

Stereological and morphometric study of type 3 collagen formation in the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice treated with mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Wound healing is a progressive, essential and complex physiological process that occurs as a restorative response after a tissue injury. It involves three phases: inflammation, proliferation and maturation. Exogenous, endogenous and pathological factors may interfere in the cicatricial process in humans and animals by altering the balance between the synthesis, degradation and remodelling of collagen and elastic fibres. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic disease that alters elastogenesis and collagenesis and induces delays in the healing process. Scientific evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells modulate the cicatricial response. Thus the objective of this work was to perform stereological and morphometric analysis to determine the formation of dermal fibres in cutaneous fragments of a murine model of diabetes mellitus.Materials, Methods & Results: Histological sections were obtained from the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice. The cutaneous wounds were previously treated with autogenous mesenchymal stem cells, physiological solution or polyurethane membrane. The histological sections were subsequently processed and stained for type 1 and 3 collagen fibres and elastic fibres using Picrosirius Red and Weigert staining, respectively. Histological sections stained with Picrosirius Red presented three types of birefringence under polarised light microscopy that corresponded to red colours for type 1 collagen and green and yellow colours for type 3 collagen. Weigert staining presented three colours for histological structures under white light microscopy that corresponded to black colours for elastic fibres, variations in colour from pink to purple for other structures and dermal attachments. The elastic fibres, represented by a black colour, presented in a heterogeneous form and were either identified as thin, punctiform or rectangular fibres or as elastic agglomerates.[....](AU)

Prevalence of scrotum bipartition in sheep in the Paraiba backwoods, Brazil

Goats and sheep have morphological characteristics for adaptation to desert and semiarid regions. The appearance of scrotum division known as scrotum bipartition has already been reported in goats. This anatomy increases the surface of each testicle exposed to environmental temperature, favoring heat dissipation and improving reproductive efficiency. Considering that there are already studies on the goat species demonstrating the presence of this characteristic as an influence on reproductive parameters, the prevalence of scrotum bipartition was estimated in the sheep herds reared in the municipality of Patos, Paraiba backwoods, Brazil. A total of 331 rams were examined from farms in four municipalities in the micro-region of Patos, Paraiba, Brazil, and the same study was also carried out at the municipal slaughterhouse in this city, where 456 animals were examined. According to the analysis, 66.67% of the farms visited presented one or more sheep with scrotum bipartition, with a prevalence of 11.48% on the farms and 14.47% at the slaughterhouse. The degree of bipartition was 9.59 ± 1.035% of the total scrotum length for the animals in the field and 12.89 ± 0.749% for those from the slaughterhouse, characterizing bipartition of less than 50% of the scrotum length. The variables intensive rearing (OR = 16.6) and the Dorper breed (OR = 6.91) were identified as factors associated to the presence of scrotum bipartition. It was concluded that scrotum bipartition is a characteristic present in sheep reared in the municipality of Patos in the semiarid region of Paraiba state, northeastern Brazil, and high prevalence was observed of farms with bipartition sheep, but a low number of animals with scrotum bipartition was identified.(AU)

Prevalence of scrotum bipartition in sheep in the Paraiba backwoods, Brazil

Goats and sheep have morphological characteristics for adaptation to desert and semiarid regions. The appearance of scrotum division known as scrotum bipartition has already been reported in goats. This anatomy increases the surface of each testicle exposed to environmental temperature, favoring heat dissipation and improving reproductive efficiency. Considering that there are already studies on the goat species demonstrating the presence of this characteristic as an influence on reproductive parameters, the prevalence of scrotum bipartition was estimated in the sheep herds reared in the municipality of Patos, Paraiba backwoods, Brazil. A total of 331 rams were examined from farms in four municipalities in the micro-region of Patos, Paraiba, Brazil, and the same study was also carried out at the municipal slaughterhouse in this city, where 456 animals were examined. According to the analysis, 66.67% of the farms visited presented one or more sheep with scrotum bipartition, with a prevalence of 11.48% on the farms and 14.47% at the slaughterhouse. The degree of bipartition was 9.59 ± 1.035% of the total scrotum length for the animals in the field and 12.89 ± 0.749% for those from the slaughterhouse, characterizing bipartition of less than 50% of the scrotum length. The variables intensive rearing (OR = 16.6) and the Dorper breed (OR = 6.91) were identified as factors associated to the presence of scrotum bipartition. It was concluded that scrotum bipartition is a characteristic present in sheep reared in the municipality of Patos in the semiarid region of Paraiba state, northeastern Brazil, and high prevalence was observed of farms with bipartition sheep, but a low number of animals with scrotum bipartition was identified.

Xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in the formation of hyaline cartilage in osteochondral goat failure

Background: Osteochondral knee failures are among the most common causes of disability among the elderly human population and animal athletes. The xenogeneic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells is a questionable therapeutic alternative that, despite the low expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex type II by these cells, still has relevant uncertainties about the safety and clinical efficacy. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether the xenogeneic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells induces hyaline cartilage formation, without histopathological evidence of rejection, in osteochondral failures of goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Five female goats were used, submitted to three surgical osteocondral failures in the right knee, treated with xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells of dental pulp, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and hemostatic sponge of hydrolyzed collagen, respectively. The lesions were evaluated after 60 days of treatment, aiming to identify the presence of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage and the subchondral bone pattern (regenerated or disorganized). Transplantation of xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells induced predominant formation of hyaline cartilage (P 0.05). Macroscopically, the lesions of the stem cell treated group showed formation of firm repair tissue, opaque staining, integrated with adjacent cartilage and with the failure filling almost completely. The groups treated with PRP and hemostatic sponge of hydrolyzed collagen presented, on average, partial filling of the lesion, with irregular shape and darkened coloration.[...]

Xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in the formation of hyaline cartilage in osteochondral goat failure

Background: Osteochondral knee failures are among the most common causes of disability among the elderly human population and animal athletes. The xenogeneic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells is a questionable therapeutic alternative that, despite the low expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex type II by these cells, still has relevant uncertainties about the safety and clinical efficacy. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether the xenogeneic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells induces hyaline cartilage formation, without histopathological evidence of rejection, in osteochondral failures of goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Five female goats were used, submitted to three surgical osteocondral failures in the right knee, treated with xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells of dental pulp, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and hemostatic sponge of hydrolyzed collagen, respectively. The lesions were evaluated after 60 days of treatment, aiming to identify the presence of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage and the subchondral bone pattern (regenerated or disorganized). Transplantation of xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells induced predominant formation of hyaline cartilage (P < 0.05), with no histopathological evidence of inflammation when compared to the other treatments. Therapies with xenogeneic platelet-rich plasma and hemostatic sponge of hydrolyzed collagen induced greater formation of fibrocartilaginous cartilage, with no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Macroscopically, the lesions of the stem cell treated group showed formation of firm repair tissue, opaque staining, integrated with adjacent cartilage and with the failure filling almost completely. The groups treated with PRP and hemostatic sponge of hydrolyzed collagen presented, on average, partial filling of the lesion, with irregular shape and darkened coloration.[...](AU)

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Methods: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. Results: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. Conclusion: The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p 0.01), when compared to the other treatments.(AU)

Dispositivo móvel e software para avaliação andrológica em caprinos / Mobile and software for breeding soundness evaluation in goats

Computer science is an emerging interdisciplinary instrument of aid, especially in the current precisionlivestock. This study aimed to develop software for use in assessing the reproductive capacity of goats byparameters used in routine andrological tests, in addition to implementing an automatic mobile device to theanalysis campo. O automated device contains a controller card using a logical drive processing with aPIC16F628A microcontroller and microelectronic devices TTL family. The software was coded in C languageand recorded in the microcontroller chip. The automated device allowed a proper compilation of data stored.The processing time was adequate to sensitive response to user touch. The automated machine allows a reliableestimation of the parameters andrological goats activities in the field, enabling this analysis using a smallmobile device. Becoming a fundamental tool for andrologist and breeder.(AU)

Dispositivo móvel e software para avaliação andrológica em caprinos / Mobile and software for breeding soundness evaluation in goats

Computer science is an emerging interdisciplinary instrument of aid, especially in the current precisionlivestock. This study aimed to develop software for use in assessing the reproductive capacity of goats byparameters used in routine andrological tests, in addition to implementing an automatic mobile device to theanalysis campo. O automated device contains a controller card using a logical drive processing with aPIC16F628A microcontroller and microelectronic devices TTL family. The software was coded in C languageand recorded in the microcontroller chip. The automated device allowed a proper compilation of data stored.The processing time was adequate to sensitive response to user touch. The automated machine allows a reliableestimation of the parameters andrological goats activities in the field, enabling this analysis using a smallmobile device. Becoming a fundamental tool for andrologist and breeder.

Morfologia das gônadas de ema (Rhea americana) em desenvolvimento: diferenciação sexual / Morphology of the gonads of rhea (Rhea americana) in development: sexual differentiation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphogenesis of rheas reproduction equipment featuringgonadal differentiation phase. We used eight fetuses, obtained from eggs, the Study Group Preservation of WildAnimals UFPI. The animals were fixed in formalin 5% 70% alcohol, dissected and analyzed bystereomicroscopy. Fragments of the urogenital organs were dehydrated in alcohol, diaphanized in xyleneemblocados and subjected to 5μm sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. It was found in fetus 14 days theurogenital structures as two elongated bodies, dorsally in the coelomic cavity, lateral to the midline, andflattened dorsoventrally, the urogenital ridge; 18 days were divided medially, forming new ventral massprimitive gonads and a dorsal primitive kidneys; 21 days, were completely separated, the lobate kidneys andgonads with smooth surfaces and fetus of 30 days was observed the evolution of the development of the gonads.The rhea sexual differentiation phase occurs on the 14th day of fetal development.(AU)

Técnica de fatiamento do ovário para obtenção de oócitos em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) / Ovarian slicing technique to obtain oocytes from agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha)

As biotécnicas da reprodução são importantes ferramentas para conservação de espécies domésticas e silvestres, pois permitem a recuperação e uso futuro de material reprodutivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros morfológicos de CCOs de cutias, obtidos pela técnica de fatiamento do ovário para utilização em protocolos de maturação e fecundação na produção in vitro de embriões. Foram utilizadas dezessete cutias fêmeas do NEPAS, CCA- UFPI, com idade e peso médios de 3,9 anos e 2,16Kg, respectivamente, que foram submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia. Os ovários após dissecados e pesados em balança de precisão, foram fatiados individualmente. Procedeu-se a busca e seleção dos CCOs em estereomicroscópio, os quais foram identificados e quantificados por cada ovário, além de classificados quanto a sua morfologia segundo a quantidade de camadas de células do cumulus e ao citoplasma em quatro graus. Verificou-se que a técnica de fatiamento do ovário possibilitou a obtenção de CCOs de cutias, com recuperação de grande quantidade e de variados graus de qualidade. Não houve correlações entre a idade dos animais e o peso dos ovários; a idade e o número de CCOs obtidos; entre o peso das cutias e o peso dos ovários e o número de CCOs obtidos.(AU)

The reproductive biotechnologies are important tools for conservation of domestic and wild animal species, because they allow the recovery and future use of reproductive material. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological parameters of COCs of agoutis obtained by slicing the ovary for using them in maturation and fertilization protocols in vitro production of embryos. Seventeen female agoutis NEPAS, CCA-UFPI, age and weight average of 3.9 years and 2.16 kg, respectively, were underwent ovariossalpingohisterectomy. The ovaries after dissected and weighed on a precision balance were sliced individually. We proceeded the search and selection of COCs in stereomicroscope, which were identified and quantified by each ovary, and classified as to their morphology, by the quantity of layers of cumulus cells and the cytoplasm into four degrees. It has been found that the technique of slicing ovarian possible to obtain agouti COCs with recovery of loads and varying degrees of quality. There was no correlation between age and weight of animal ovaries, age and the number of COCs obtained; between the weight of agoutis and weight of ovaries and the number of COCs obtained.(AU)

Morfologia das gônadas de ema (Rhea americana) em desenvolvimento: diferenciação sexual / Morphology of the gonads of rhea (Rhea americana) in development: sexual differentiation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphogenesis of rheas reproduction equipment featuringgonadal differentiation phase. We used eight fetuses, obtained from eggs, the Study Group Preservation of WildAnimals UFPI. The animals were fixed in formalin 5% 70% alcohol, dissected and analyzed bystereomicroscopy. Fragments of the urogenital organs were dehydrated in alcohol, diaphanized in xyleneemblocados and subjected to 5μm sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. It was found in fetus 14 days theurogenital structures as two elongated bodies, dorsally in the coelomic cavity, lateral to the midline, andflattened dorsoventrally, the urogenital ridge; 18 days were divided medially, forming new ventral massprimitive gonads and a dorsal primitive kidneys; 21 days, were completely separated, the lobate kidneys andgonads with smooth surfaces and fetus of 30 days was observed the evolution of the development of the gonads.The rhea sexual differentiation phase occurs on the 14th day of fetal development.

Isolation, expansion, differentiation and growth kinetics essay in mesenchymal stem cells culture from the bone marrow of collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Background: There are few studies on stem cell isolation in wild animals that provide isolation and culture protocols of these cells in vitro. Among the wild species studied, we present the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) as a model with potential to obtain and use MSC in preclinical studies. These animals are phylogenetically close to the domestic pig, popularly known as peccaries and found naturally in South America, Central America and the South of the United States. The aim of the present study was to establish a protocol for the isolation, in vitro cell expansion, differentiation and assessment of the stromal MSC growth curve before and after thawing. Materials, Methods & Results: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from collared peccary bone marrow (Tayassu tajacu) were isolated and expanded by centrifuge in Ficoll® solution and cultured in DMEM® High Glucose medium. The culture was assessed by assays of colony forming units CFU-F and growth curve by saturation (GCS). Cultures in the third passage, with 70% confluence, were replicated at 105 cells/mL concentration in the culture media to induce osteogenic cell differentiation and adipogenic cell differentiation, respectively. The MSC were frozen in nitrogen for 40 days, thawed and re-assessed for cell viability and GCS. Discussion: The bone marrow collected presented high mononuclear cellularity, with a mean variability of 94.5% and 60.83 ± 4.27 UFC were identified in the samples and cells with fibroblast-like-cell morphology were observed. When they were expanded, the mean cell viability was 95%, the mean cell concentration obtained was 233.31 ± 20.04 cells per 25cm2 bottle and the culture reached the growth plateau in GCS between the 13th and 16th day. The osteoblastic cell differentiation assay showed after 18 days, morphology similar to osteoblasts, with irregular cytoplasm limits, cell prolongation formation and flattened appearance. [...](AU)

Isolation, expansion, differentiation and growth kinetics essay in mesenchymal stem cells culture from the bone marrow of collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Background: There are few studies on stem cell isolation in wild animals that provide isolation and culture protocols of these cells in vitro. Among the wild species studied, we present the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) as a model with potential to obtain and use MSC in preclinical studies. These animals are phylogenetically close to the domestic pig, popularly known as peccaries and found naturally in South America, Central America and the South of the United States. The aim of the present study was to establish a protocol for the isolation, in vitro cell expansion, differentiation and assessment of the stromal MSC growth curve before and after thawing. Materials, Methods & Results: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from collared peccary bone marrow (Tayassu tajacu) were isolated and expanded by centrifuge in Ficoll® solution and cultured in DMEM® High Glucose medium. The culture was assessed by assays of colony forming units CFU-F and growth curve by saturation (GCS). Cultures in the third passage, with 70% confluence, were replicated at 105 cells/mL concentration in the culture media to induce osteogenic cell differentiation and adipogenic cell differentiation, respectively. The MSC were frozen in nitrogen for 40 days, thawed and re-assessed for cell viability and GCS. Discussion: The bone marrow collected presented high mononuclear cellularity, with a mean variability of 94.5% and 60.83 ± 4.27 UFC were identified in the samples and cells with fibroblast-like-cell morphology were observed. When they were expanded, the mean cell viability was 95%, the mean cell concentration obtained was 233.31 ± 20.04 cells per 25cm2 bottle and the culture reached the growth plateau in GCS between the 13th and 16th day. The osteoblastic cell differentiation assay showed after 18 days, morphology similar to osteoblasts, with irregular cytoplasm limits, cell prolongation formation and flattened appearance. [...]

Collared Pecary (Tayassu tajacu) as a new model of renal ischemic injury induced by clamping the renal artery

PURPOSE:The use of the collared peccary as an experimental model for ischemic nephropathy.METHODS:A total of 12 collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) was used and ischemic nephropathy was induced in six of these animals that constituted the experimental group (G1) while the other six formed the control group (G2). Ischemic nephropathy was induced surgically by partial occlusion of the left renal artery. The disease course was assessed by hematological tests, serum chemistry, urinalysis, ultrasound (US) and doppler ultrasound function of the renal artery before induction, and at five, 10, 15 and 20 days after surgery. Twenty days after the occlusion, unilateral nephrectomy and histopathological examination were performed to assess renal morphology.RESULTS:Statistical analysis by Fischer's test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the control group and the experimental group. The histopathological examination showed glomerular, tubular and interstitial lesions. In the experimental group, 83.3% (5 /6) showed moderate renal lesions and only 16.7% (1/6) were classified with no lesions. The ultrasound examination of the right kidney presented statistical difference between day 5 and day 10 post occlusion.CONCLUSION:The collared peccary as a good experimental model for ischemic renal disease, because it could be manipulated during the research time without death, with health conditions that permit any subsequent procedure for disease therapy.(AU)

Isolation, culture and differentiation potential of collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) adipose-derived stem cells

Background: The understanding of cell biology and the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells in wild animals show prospects for conducting pre-clinical trials in these unconventional animals. The collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) are suiforms that belong to the Artiodáctyla order, Tayassuidae family and Tayassu genus. They adapt easily to captivity conditions that favors their commercial rearing and is an alternative for biodiversity conservation. To evaluate the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) as a potential animal model for the isolation of mesenchymal progenitor cells, cell culture and cell differentiation protocols. Materials, Methods & Results: To perform this research we used four collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) from the Nucleus of Study and Preservation of Wild Animals (IBAMA/PI No . 02/08-618) from Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). Adipose tissue fragments were collected from the dorsocervical region and dissociated mechanically in laboratory. The material was placed in an incubator containing CO2 - 95% at 37C and the cultures were expanded to fifth passage, evalluating cell concentration and viability. The culture medium alfa-MEM supplemented was changed every three days. The cell kinetics was evaluated in triplicate using growth curve performed during ten days, plating the initial concentration of 5 x 104 cells/mL per well in P3 six-well culture plate...(AU)

Isolation, culture and differentiation potential of collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) adipose-derived stem cells

Background: The understanding of cell biology and the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells in wild animals show prospects for conducting pre-clinical trials in these unconventional animals. The collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) are suiforms that belong to the Artiodáctyla order, Tayassuidae family and Tayassu genus. They adapt easily to captivity conditions that favors their commercial rearing and is an alternative for biodiversity conservation. To evaluate the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) as a potential animal model for the isolation of mesenchymal progenitor cells, cell culture and cell differentiation protocols. Materials, Methods & Results: To perform this research we used four collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) from the Nucleus of Study and Preservation of Wild Animals (IBAMA/PI No . 02/08-618) from Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). Adipose tissue fragments were collected from the dorsocervical region and dissociated mechanically in laboratory. The material was placed in an incubator containing CO2 - 95% at 37C and the cultures were expanded to fifth passage, evalluating cell concentration and viability. The culture medium alfa-MEM supplemented was changed every three days. The cell kinetics was evaluated in triplicate using growth curve performed during ten days, plating the initial concentration of 5 x 104 cells/mL per well in P3 six-well culture plate...