Avaliação clínica e laboratorial da dermatite atópica canina / Clinical and laboratory evaluation of canine atopic dermatitis

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma dermatopatia inflamatória, crônica e pruriginosa que afeta indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, sendo comumente associada à produção de anticorpos do tipo IgE. O presente relato objetivou descrever um caso de DAC, evidenciando seus sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizados teste com lâmpada de Wood, raspado profundo de pele, imprint cutâneo, cultura fúngica e bacteriana, citologia de ouvido, exame sorológico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e teste de sensibilidade a alérgenos. O paciente apresentava uma série de lesões dermatológicos disseminadas acompanhadas de prurido intenso, onde pode-se observar presenças de infecções secundárias por bactérias e leveduras fúngicas. Dessa forma, optou-se por tratamento tópico com shampoo a base de clorexidina 2% associado a miconazol 2,5% e uso de creme hidratante. Para otite bilateral, prescreveu-se solução otológica de ciclopirox olamina 1% e ácido glicirrízico 0,5%. Após resposta negativa ao tratamento inicial, introduziu-se o uso oral de prednisolona associado à hidroxizina e logo depois a ciclosporina, ocorrendo um controle do quadro. Embora várias alternativas terapêuticas estejam disponíveis, a cura ainda não é possível, sendo o controle do quadro lesional a melhor abordagem de tratamento.

The canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory skin disease, chronic itchy that affects genetically predisposed individuals, being commonly associated with production of IgE antibodies. The aim of this study was to describe a case of CAD, evidencing its clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment. A Wood lamp, skin deep scraping, skin imprint, fungal and bacterial culture, ear cytology, serological examination for canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) and allergen sensitivity test were performed. The animal presented a series of disseminated dermatological lesions accompanied by intense pruritus, where it is possible to observe presences of secondary infections by bacteria and yeasts fungi. Thus, it was decided to topical treatment with shampoo chlorhexidine base 2% associated with miconazole 2.5% and use moisturizer. For bilateral otitis, otologic solution of cyclopirox olamine 1% and glycyrrhizic acid 0.5% was prescribed. After negative response to the initial treatment, the oral use of prednisolone associated with hydroxyzine and soon after cyclosporine was introduced, and clinical control was performed. Although several therapeutic alternatives are available, cure is still not possible, and lesion control is the best treatment approach.

Avaliação clínica e laboratorial da dermatite atópica canina / Clinical and laboratory evaluation of canine atopic dermatitis

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma dermatopatia inflamatória, crônica e pruriginosa que afeta indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, sendo comumente associada à produção de anticorpos do tipo IgE. O presente relato objetivou descrever um caso de DAC, evidenciando seus sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizados teste com lâmpada de Wood, raspado profundo de pele, imprint cutâneo, cultura fúngica e bacteriana, citologia de ouvido, exame sorológico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e teste de sensibilidade a alérgenos. O paciente apresentava uma série de lesões dermatológicos disseminadas acompanhadas de prurido intenso, onde pode-se observar presenças de infecções secundárias por bactérias e leveduras fúngicas. Dessa forma, optou-se por tratamento tópico com shampoo a base de clorexidina 2% associado a miconazol 2,5% e uso de creme hidratante. Para otite bilateral, prescreveu-se solução otológica de ciclopirox olamina 1% e ácido glicirrízico 0,5%. Após resposta negativa ao tratamento inicial, introduziu-se o uso oral de prednisolona associado à hidroxizina e logo depois a ciclosporina, ocorrendo um controle do quadro. Embora várias alternativas terapêuticas estejam disponíveis, a cura ainda não é possível, sendo o controle do quadro lesional a melhor abordagem de tratamento.(AU)

The canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory skin disease, chronic itchy that affects genetically predisposed individuals, being commonly associated with production of IgE antibodies. The aim of this study was to describe a case of CAD, evidencing its clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment. A Wood lamp, skin deep scraping, skin imprint, fungal and bacterial culture, ear cytology, serological examination for canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) and allergen sensitivity test were performed. The animal presented a series of disseminated dermatological lesions accompanied by intense pruritus, where it is possible to observe presences of secondary infections by bacteria and yeasts fungi. Thus, it was decided to topical treatment with shampoo chlorhexidine base 2% associated with miconazole 2.5% and use moisturizer. For bilateral otitis, otologic solution of cyclopirox olamine 1% and glycyrrhizic acid 0.5% was prescribed. After negative response to the initial treatment, the oral use of prednisolone associated with hydroxyzine and soon after cyclosporine was introduced, and clinical control was performed. Although several therapeutic alternatives are available, cure is still not possible, and lesion control is the best treatment approach.(AU)

Leishmania sp em nódulos subcutâneos no cão / Leishmania sp in dog subcutaneous nodules

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) is a disease caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania, patients affected can present a diversity of clinical symptoms, where the main are: slimming, alopecia, Onychogryphosis and dermatitis. However unconventional signs may be linked to this disease. In this sense the purpose of this work is to report a case of LVC with unconventional signs of the disease. The occurs with a Yorkshire dog that was attended with complaint of pruritus and formation of nodules in the flank region, initially the clinical suspicion was of allergic reaction with fungal dermatitis. After the completion of the complementary exams (Cytopathological, blood count, ALT dosages, creatinine and skin scraping for direct examination) was diagnosed LVC from the observation of Amastigota in Cytopathological. With this result we emphasize the attention to the clinical demonstrations in LVC and the importance of complementary exams such as cytology to quick and accurate diagnostics.(AU)

Leishmania sp em nódulos subcutâneos no cão / Leishmania sp in dog subcutaneous nodules

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) is a disease caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania, patients affected can present a diversity of clinical symptoms, where the main are: slimming, alopecia, Onychogryphosis and dermatitis. However unconventional signs may be linked to this disease. In this sense the purpose of this work is to report a case of LVC with unconventional signs of the disease. The occurs with a Yorkshire dog that was attended with complaint of pruritus and formation of nodules in the flank region, initially the clinical suspicion was of allergic reaction with fungal dermatitis. After the completion of the complementary exams (Cytopathological, blood count, ALT dosages, creatinine and skin scraping for direct examination) was diagnosed LVC from the observation of Amastigota in Cytopathological. With this result we emphasize the attention to the clinical demonstrations in LVC and the importance of complementary exams such as cytology to quick and accurate diagnostics.

Osteogênese Imperfeita em cão jovem da raça pinscher / Osteogenesis Imperfect in an young pinscher dog

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a severe genetic disease rarely described in veterinary medicine. This multisystemic condition is caused by a defect in the production and metabolization of collagen, which implicates in bone fragility. This disease has been described in cattle, sheep, domestic felines, mouse and dogs of different breeds, including collie, golden retriever, beagle, dachshund and chow chow. Animals affected by this condition present multiple fractures without previous occurrence of trauma. Therefore, this report aimed to describe a case of osteogenesis imperfecta type III in a miniature pinscher dog.Case: A 1-year-old male miniature pinscher dog, was admitted for clinical evaluation in Fortaleza, Brazil, with a history of spontaneous fractures without known causes. This animal was maintained indoors, fed on dry feed and presented recurrent events of claudication and pain. In the physical examination, the individual walked solely with the forelimbs, avoiding the use of the hind limbs and presented pain behavior. Bulging of the skull was observed laterally, which promoted a triangular appearance of head and face. Fontanelles were soft, and the eyes presented blueish sclera and corneal opacity. Teeth were small, translucid, fragile and deformed. Radiography images revealed bulging of the calvaria and persistent fontanelles with open cranial sutures. In addition, cranial convolutions were less clear, which was compatible with hydrocephalus. Dental roots were narrow, short and presented partial pulp obliteration. The radiographic contrast of the dentin was low with a reduction of periapical radiolucency. Bone radiopacity was low in the bones of the abdomen and pelvis, in addition to femur. Metaphysis of the right tibia was enlarged and angular. Multiple fractures were identified in the pelvis with the formation of opaque bony calluses and bone marrow sclerosis. Physiological parameters and blood test results were unaltered.[...]

Osteogênese Imperfeita em cão jovem da raça pinscher / Osteogenesis Imperfect in an young pinscher dog

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a severe genetic disease rarely described in veterinary medicine. This multisystemic condition is caused by a defect in the production and metabolization of collagen, which implicates in bone fragility. This disease has been described in cattle, sheep, domestic felines, mouse and dogs of different breeds, including collie, golden retriever, beagle, dachshund and chow chow. Animals affected by this condition present multiple fractures without previous occurrence of trauma. Therefore, this report aimed to describe a case of osteogenesis imperfecta type III in a miniature pinscher dog.Case: A 1-year-old male miniature pinscher dog, was admitted for clinical evaluation in Fortaleza, Brazil, with a history of spontaneous fractures without known causes. This animal was maintained indoors, fed on dry feed and presented recurrent events of claudication and pain. In the physical examination, the individual walked solely with the forelimbs, avoiding the use of the hind limbs and presented pain behavior. Bulging of the skull was observed laterally, which promoted a triangular appearance of head and face. Fontanelles were soft, and the eyes presented blueish sclera and corneal opacity. Teeth were small, translucid, fragile and deformed. Radiography images revealed bulging of the calvaria and persistent fontanelles with open cranial sutures. In addition, cranial convolutions were less clear, which was compatible with hydrocephalus. Dental roots were narrow, short and presented partial pulp obliteration. The radiographic contrast of the dentin was low with a reduction of periapical radiolucency. Bone radiopacity was low in the bones of the abdomen and pelvis, in addition to femur. Metaphysis of the right tibia was enlarged and angular. Multiple fractures were identified in the pelvis with the formation of opaque bony calluses and bone marrow sclerosis. Physiological parameters and blood test results were unaltered.[...](AU)