Hemangiosarcoma in the vastus lateralis musculature of a bitch - sonographic findings

Background: A 10-year-old spayed bitch with hip dysplasia was referred for periarticular ultrasound evaluation. A poorly marginated structure of mixed echogenicity, predominantly hypoechoic, with heterogeneous echotexture, was identified in the vastus lateralis muscle of the right pelvic limb with increased stiffness, assessed using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography, compared to that of the adjacent muscle tissues, and intense vascularization by pulsed Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Guided biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma. The objective of this study was to describe B-mode ultrasound, CEUS, and ARFI findings of hemangiosarcoma in the vastus lateralis musculature of a bitch. Case: A 10-year-old spayed bitch Golden Retriever weighing 36 kg was evaluated for pelvic limb lameness. The patient presented with bilateral pain during hip extension. The primary diagnostic suspicion was degenerative joint disease and secondary hip dysplasia. The patient was referred for imaging evaluation of the hip joints (radiography and ultrasound) under anesthesia. Right lateral and ventrodorsal projections with the pelvic limbs extended were obtained to confirm the diagnosis. In the right pelvic limb, an amorphous hypoechoic structure with irregular contours and heterogeneous echotexture was observed in the vastus lateralis muscle. In ARFI elastography, it was possible to identify differences in tissue stiffness between healthy and compromised portions. Pulsed-wave Doppler evaluation demonstrated an arterial waveform pattern with a peak systolic velocity of 38.8 cm/s, end-diastolic velocity of 6.9 cm/s, pulsatility index of 1.76, and resistive index of 0.82. CEUS study identified a mean peak of 27.26 %, mean time to peak of 39.95 s, and mean transmission time of 49.96 s. The popliteal lymph node was hyperechoic and heterogeneous in B-mode. In ARFI elastography, the average stiffness was 2.52 m/s, and the CEUS obtained an average peak of 19.98%, average time to peak of 17.52 s, and mean transit time of 22.83 s. Doppler assessment revealed no clear vascularization in the lymph node. Thoracic radiography in 3 projections and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. Radiographic evidence of pulmonary nodules was not observed. On abdominal ultrasound evaluation, it was possible to identify changes in the spleen, which presented with splenomegaly, mixed echogenicity, and heterogeneous echotexture. The animal underwent ultrasound-guided muscle biopsy, which confirmed the presence of hemangiosarcoma in the muscle. The bitch was referred for splenectomy and lymphadenectomy of the right popliteal, which confirmed neoplastic involvement of the same neoplasm. Discussion: On B-mode ultrasound, the observed changes were similar to those in a report of hemangiosarcoma in the muscles of the chest wall in dogs, which contributed to the diagnosis. Although it was only one patient, ARFI elastography results suggest that muscle hemangiosarcoma tends to follow the same elastographic characteristics as malignant lesions in other tissues. Additionally, the popliteal lymph node had a stiffness suggestive of malignancy (mean 2.52 m/s) because it presented a similar result and greater elasticity of metastatic axillary lymph nodes in bitches (>2.5 m/s) and women (> 1.44 m/s) with breast tumor. With CEUS, it was possible to identify vascularization in the sentinel lymph node that was not visible by pulsed Doppler, and in muscle mass. The findings of this report provided relevant results on muscle hemangiosarcoma in a bitch and demonstrated that the information obtained with the association of imaging methods supported the malignancy criteria described in other studies.

Characterization of uterine involution using B-mode ultrasonography, color Doppler and elastography (acoustic radiation force impulse) for assessing postpartum in Santa Inês ewes

The aim of this study was to investigate uterine involution using ultrasonography techniques during postpartum. Postpartum ultrasonography evaluation (B-mode, color Doppler and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography) of the uterus was performed by transabdominal approach at immediate after birth and sequentially every 48 hours, during 30 days. The uterine echotexture did not present significant variations (P >0.05) being homogeneous in most evaluations; echogenicity of the uterus increased along the evaluation period (P =0.0452). Progressive and remarkable decrease of the total uterine diameter (UD) were observed (P <0.0001), especially during the first days postpartum. The thickness of uterine wall gradually decreased, as well the endometrial, myometrium and lumen diameters (P <0.0001). Uterine blood flow was assessed by Doppler and decreased during postpartum period, being significantly lower (P=0.0225) on the 30th day of postpartum. Uterine parenchyma presented as homogeneous dark areas (not deformable) on qualitative ultrasound elastography and the means shear velocity values of the uterine wall on quantitative elastography did not differ. This is the first study that evaluate the stiffness of uterine wall in healthy ewes, providing baseline data about quantitative and qualitative stiffness of the normal uterus, and it may be a useful tool for early diagnosis of uterine alterations during the postpartum period, using the reference parameter established for the assessment of uterine integrity during postpartum period.(AU)

Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of the bone marrow from femur and sternal manubrium of dogs reactive for leishmaniasis by DPP® and ELISA tests / Avaliações histológica e imunoistoquímica da medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal de cães reagentes para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA

As the bone marrow is one of the most organs affected by canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), samples from this are frequently taken for parasitological tests, with occurrence of myelodysplastic changes, with consequent anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the histological and immunohistochemical changes in the bone marrow of the femur and sternal manubrium of dogs reactive for leishmaniasis by DPP® and ELISA tests. For this, thirteen canines from the epidemiological routine for CVL carried out by the Directorate of Zoonosis Surveillance of Goiânia (DVZ), GO, Brazil, were subjected to anatomopathological examination. 46.2% of bone marrow samples from the femur showed a higher proportion of the red series, and 53.9% of bone marrow of the sternal manubrium evidenced a higher proportion of the red series. Also, there were varied macrophage hyperplasia, hemosiderosis, and megakaryocytic emperipolesis. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. in the bone marrow of the femur and sternal manubrium to histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations were observed, with good agreement them, but without difference in the parasite intensity between the bone marrow of these anatomical sites. It was concluded that bone marrow of the femur and sternal manubrium of dogs reactive for leishmaniasis by DPP® and ELISA tests has histological changes resulting from the disease, regardless of the parasite presence or intensity, with macrophage hyperplasia, hemosiderosis, and emperipolesis being the main medullary changes in these animals. Also, the bone marrow of the femur and sternal manubrium are useful anatomical sites for the diagnosis of CVL by direct methods.

Como a medula óssea é um dos órgãos mais acometidos pela leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC), amostras desta são frequentemente colhidas para exames parasitológicos, sendo possível a ocorrência de alterações mielodisplásicas, com consequente anemia, leucopenia e trombocitopenia. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar alterações histológicas e imunoistoquímicas na medula óssea do fêmur e manúbrio esternal de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA. Para isso, 13 caninos da rotina epidemiológica para LVC realizada pela Diretoria de Vigilância de Zoonoses de Goiânia (DVZ), GO, Brasil, foram submetidos ao exame anatomopatológico. 46,2% e 53,9% das amostras de medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal apresentaram maior proporção da série vermelha, respectivamente. Além disso, havia variados graus de hiperplasia macrofágica, hemossiderose e emperipolese megacariocítica. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. na medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal às avaliações histopatológicas e imunoistoquímicas foram observadas, com boa concordância entre essas, mas sem diferença na intensidade parasitária entre a medula óssea desses sítios anatômicos. Conclui-se que a medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresenta alterações histológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da presença ou intensidade do parasito, sendo hiperplasia de macrófagos, hemossiderose e emperipolese as principais alterações medulares nesses animais. Além disso, a medula óssea do fêmur e do manúbrio esternal compreendem sítios anatômicos úteis ao diagnóstico de LVC por métodos diretos.

Lateral and medial musculatures of pelvic limbs in dogs - normal ultrasonographic anatomy

Background: Pelvic limb claudication is a common problem in dogs. However, determining the location of the lesion can be challenging. Diagnostic imaging is essential for identifying and evaluating muscle injuries. Ultrasonographic evaluation is frequently performed to identify muscle injuries. Although some muscle changes have already been described as ultrasonography findings in veterinary studies, little is known about the standardization of these muscle structures, especially in hip muscles. The objective of this study was to describe the normal ultrasound anatomy of the lateral and medial muscles of the pelvic limb and establish an unprecedented protocol for the evaluation of these structures. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 4 lateral and 4 medial musculatures of the pelvic limb of dogs were evaluated using ultrasound. An initial ex vivo study (1st phase) was performed to delineate anatomical and ultrasonographic assessments. The 2nd experimental phase proceeded with the application of in vivo scanning. The same operator performed all anatomical and ultrasonographic assessments. The gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, pectineus, gracilis, adductor, and rectus femoris muscles were evaluated in longitudinal and transverse planes. Ten paired hips from 5 cadavers consisting of 3 females (60%) and 2 males (40%) were evaluated during the exvivo phase. The average age and weight of the dogs were 3.6 ± 0.87 years and 21.9 ± 5.2 kg, respectively. The invivo study included 4 females (40%) and 6 males (60%), for a total of 10 healthy animals consisting of 20 hips; the mean weight was 30.11 ± 7.45 kg and the average age was 4.5 ± 2.75 years. All muscles maintained the same ultrasound pattern when compared with each other and between different groups in the invivo study. The longitudinal section presented a hypoechoic structure permeated by thin hyperechoic longitudinal striations. The hypoechoic aspect was maintained, with striae identified as hyperechogenic points in the cross-sectional view. Discussion: B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation with a high-frequency transducer has facilitated the identification of the lateral and medial muscles of the pelvic limbs of medium and large dogs exvivo and invivo. This approach is an effective and safe way to access these muscles, and aids in the establishment of an unprecedented protocol for ultrasound evaluation of this region. Understanding the normal ultrasonographic anatomy is essential to identify muscle injuries such as contractures, tumors, ruptures, and stretch, which can lead to loss of muscle echogenicity and echotexture. Furthermore, ultrasound standardization reduces inter-observer error, facilitates technique reproducibility, assists in a more assertive assessment, and directs the patient's most appropriate therapy. In addition, anatomical dissection with the aid of acoustic gel injection into the evaluated musculature is essential to guide the examination because it allows the confirmation of the structures. In this study, the ultrasound scans of 6 fundamental muscles (gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis, adductor, pectineus, and rectus femoris) for hip mobility and 2 knee muscles (sartorius and vastus lateralis) were standardized. Exvivo evaluations facilitated the application of invivo techniques, and no difficulties were found during these evaluations.

Análises anatomopatológica e imuno- histoquímica do baço e linfonodo de cães soropositivos para leishmaniose em testes sorológicos / Anatomomopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the spleen and lymph node of dogs seropositives for leishmaniasis in serological tests

A leishmaniose canina (CanL) é uma zoonose causada pelo protozoário da espécie Leishmania infantum. O baço e os linfonodos sofrem alterações morfológicas durante o CanL. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico desses órgãos em cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes de Imunoensaio Cromatográfico “Dual Path Platform” (DPP®) e Ensaio de Imunoabsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Vinte e sete cães foram avaliados ao exame anatomopatológico, com 92,6% exibindo alterações à avaliação macroscópica, especialmente esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Todos os cães apresentaram alterações no baço não relacionadas à carga parasitária, sendo a esplenite granulomatosa a alteração mais grave. Hiperplasia cortical e paracortical difusa e hiperplasia e hipertrofia dos cordões medulares foram observadas nos linfonodos. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. foram encontradas no baço e linfonodo às avaliações histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, com boa concordância entre os métodos (k = 0,55, p = 0,00124), mas não foi observada diferença na intensidade parasitária entre esses órgãos à imuno-histoquímica (p = 0,23). Conclui-se que baço e linfonodo de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresentam alterações histomorfológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da carga parasitária, assim como esses órgãos apresentam carga parasitária semelhante ao método imuno-histoquímico.

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the species Leishmania infantum. The spleen and lymph nodes undergo morphological changes during CanL. This research aimed to perform an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of these organs in dogs reactive to leishmaniasis in the Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) and Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA). Twenty-seven dogs were evaluated for anatomopathological examination with 92.6% showing changes at gross evaluation, specially splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly. All dogs showed changes in the spleen unrelated to the parasitic load, with granulomatous splenitis being the most severe change. Diffuse cortical and paracortical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the medullary cords were observed in the lymph node. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were found in the spleen and lymph node at histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations, with good agreement between these evaluations (k = 0.55, p = 0.00124), but no difference was observed in the parasitic intensity of these organs at immunohistochemistry (p = 0.23). It was concluded that spleen and lymph node from dogs reactive to leishmaniasis on the DPP® and ELISA tests show histomorphological changes resulting from the disease, independent to the parasitic load, as well as these organs show similar parasitic load at immunohistochemical test.

Anatomomopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the spleen and lymph node of dogs seropositives for leishmaniasis in serological tests / Análises anatomopatológica e imuno-histoquímica do baço e linfonodo de cães soropositivos para leishmaniose em testes sorológicos

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the species Leishmania infantum. The spleen and lymph nodes undergo morphological changes during CanL. This research aimed to perform an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of these organs in dogs reactive to leishmaniasis in the Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) and Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA). Twenty-seven dogs were evaluated for anatomopathological examination with 92.6% showing changes at gross evaluation, specially splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly. All dogs showed changes in the spleen unrelated to the parasitic load, with granulomatous splenitis being the most severe change. Diffuse cortical and paracortical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the medullary cords were observed in the lymph node. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were found in the spleen and lymph node at histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations, with good agreement between these evaluations (k = 0.55, p = 0.00124), but no difference was observed in the parasitic intensity of these organs at immunohistochemistry (p = 0.23). It was concluded that spleen and lymph node from dogs reactive to leishmaniasis on the DPP® and ELISA tests show histomorphological changes resulting from the disease, independent to the parasitic load, as well as these organs show similar parasitic load at immunohistochemical test.

A leishmaniose canina (CanL) é uma zoonose causada pelo protozoário da espécie Leishmania infantum. O baço e os linfonodos sofrem alterações morfológicas durante o CanL. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico desses órgãos em cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes de Imunoensaio Cromatográfico "Dual Path Platform" (DPP®) e Ensaio de Imunoabsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Vinte e sete cães foram avaliados ao exame anatomopatológico, com 92,6% exibindo alterações à avaliação macroscópica, especialmente esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Todos os cães apresentaram alterações no baço não relacionadas à carga parasitária, sendo a esplenite granulomatosa a alteração mais grave. Hiperplasia cortical e paracortical difusa e hiperplasia e hipertrofia dos cordões medulares foram observadas nos linfonodos. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. foram encontradas no baço e linfonodo às avaliações histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, com boa concordância entre os métodos (k = 0,55, p = 0,00124), mas não foi observada diferença na intensidade parasitária entre esses órgãos à imuno-histoquímica (p = 0,23). Conclui-se que baço e linfonodo de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresentam alterações histomorfológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da carga parasitária, assim como esses órgãos apresentam carga parasitária semelhante ao método imuno-histoquímico.

Avaliação sobre a redução da atividade microbiana na adubação orgânica e sua influência no crescimento do milho e respiração do solo / Evaluation on the reduction of microbial activity in organic fertilization and its influence on maize growth and soil respiration

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da incorporação de matéria orgânica natural e matéria orgânica irradiada ao solo, sobre o crescimento do milho e respiração do solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e laboratório de microbiologia. Para a adubação orgânica foi utilizado esterco bovino curtido retirado da fazenda de produção de leite. Para redução da atividade microbiana no esterco utilizou-se a técnica da irradiação utilizando-se o forno micro-ondas. O delineamento experimental empregado foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados contendo cinco tratamentos, com e sem irradiação e quatro repetições. Com 65 dias após a semeadura, foram feitas as avaliações da altura e massa seca de plantas. Foi também realizada a coleta de amostras de solo para a avaliação da atividade microbiana pelo método da respiração basal do solo. A aplicação do esterco natural favoreceu a maior atividade microbiana no solo quando comparada a mesma matéria orgânica irradiada. O esterco natural promoveu o maior crescimento do milho indicando doses próximas de dez toneladas por hectare com ajuste quadrático significativo (p<0,05) o que não ocorreu no uso do esterco irradiado que proporcionou ajuste linear.

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of organic matter and organic matter irradiated to the soil, on corn growth and soil respiration. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and microbiology laboratory. For organic fertilization, bovine manure was taken from the dairy farm. To reduce microbial activity in manure, the irradiation technique was used using the microwave oven. The experimental design was a completely randomized block containing five treatments, with and without irradiation and four replications. At 65 days after sowing, height and dry mass evaluations of plants were made. Soil samples were also collected for the evaluation of microbial activity by basal soil respiration method. The application of natural manure favored the greater microbial activity in the soil when compared to the same organic matter irradiated. Natural manure promoted the highest growth of maize indicating doses close to ten tons per hectare with a significant quadratic adjustment (p <0.05), which did not occur in the use of irradiated manure that provided linear adjustment.

Avaliação sobre a redução da atividade microbiana na adubação orgânica e sua influência no crescimento do milho e respiração do solo / Evaluation on the reduction of microbial activity in organic fertilization and its influence on maize growth and soil respiration

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da incorporação de matéria orgânica natural e matéria orgânica irradiada ao solo, sobre o crescimento do milho e respiração do solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e laboratório de microbiologia. Para a adubação orgânica foi utilizado esterco bovino curtido retirado da fazenda de produção de leite. Para redução da atividade microbiana no esterco utilizou-se a técnica da irradiação utilizando-se o forno micro-ondas. O delineamento experimental empregado foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados contendo cinco tratamentos, com e sem irradiação e quatro repetições. Com 65 dias após a semeadura, foram feitas as avaliações da altura e massa seca de plantas. Foi também realizada a coleta de amostras de solo para a avaliação da atividade microbiana pelo método da respiração basal do solo. A aplicação do esterco natural favoreceu a maior atividade microbiana no solo quando comparada a mesma matéria orgânica irradiada. O esterco natural promoveu o maior crescimento do milho indicando doses próximas de dez toneladas por hectare com ajuste quadrático significativo (p<0,05) o que não ocorreu no uso do esterco irradiado que proporcionou ajuste linear.(AU)

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of organic matter and organic matter irradiated to the soil, on corn growth and soil respiration. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and microbiology laboratory. For organic fertilization, bovine manure was taken from the dairy farm. To reduce microbial activity in manure, the irradiation technique was used using the microwave oven. The experimental design was a completely randomized block containing five treatments, with and without irradiation and four replications. At 65 days after sowing, height and dry mass evaluations of plants were made. Soil samples were also collected for the evaluation of microbial activity by basal soil respiration method. The application of natural manure favored the greater microbial activity in the soil when compared to the same organic matter irradiated. Natural manure promoted the highest growth of maize indicating doses close to ten tons per hectare with a significant quadratic adjustment (p <0.05), which did not occur in the use of irradiated manure that provided linear adjustment.(AU)

Prevalência de anticorpos contra Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos da região de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil / Prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydophila abortus in ovines in the Londrina area of Paraná state, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos de propriedades localizadas na região de Londrina, estado do Paraná. A prova de fixação de complemento foi realizada em 267 amostras de soro sanguíneo de ovinos adultos, provenientes de oito propriedades e foram considerados positivos os soros com títulos ? 32. Em sete (87,50%) propriedades foram detectados 19 (7,11%) animais positivos, sendo 17 com títulos de 32, um com 64 e outro com 128. Nestas propriedades, os sinais clínicos descritos foram abortamentos, natimortalidade, nascimento de crias fracas e repetição de cio. A elevada frequência de propriedades com pelo menos um animal positivo e a ocorrência de 19 (7,11%) animais positivos na prova de fixação de complemento sugerem a presença de Chlamydophila abortus nos animais das propriedades estudadas. (AU)

The aim of this paper was to estimate the prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydophila abortus in ewes from the Londrina region of Paraná state. Blood samples from 267 adult ewes from eight herds were submitted to complement fixation testing. Tests were considered positive when the titers ? 32. Nineteen animals (7.11%) in 7 (87.50%) herds tested positive for antibodies against C. abortus. The titers were 32 in 17 animals and were 64 and 128 in the other two animals. The clinical signs recorded were abortion, stillbirth, weak newborns and heat repetition. The high frequency of herds with at least one positive animal and a seroprevalence of 7.11% suggest the presence of Chlamydophila abortus in the animals of studied herds.(AU)

Pilot study about fish self-consumption among artisanal fishermen in Patos Lagoon estuary, RS, Brazil / Estudo piloto sobre o autoconsumo de pescado entre pescadores artesanais do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil

The artisanal fishery in Patos Lagoon estuary is a traditional activity. The main target species are mullet Mugil liza, white-croaker Micropogonias furnieri and pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis. It is common for fishermen to consume the fish caught by them (self-consumption), what is believed to be important in certain communities. This study aims to estimate quantitatively and qualitatively the self-consumption of fish in three fishing communities of Rio Grande city. From September 2010 to December 2011, ten fishermen from each community were periodically interviewed for collecting information about fisheries and fish self-consumption. The mean per capita consumption of fish found was 109 g day-1, and 38.57 kg year-1. The higher mean daily self-consumption was found for spring (161 g/person) and summer (162 g/person), being the white croaker and the pink shrimp, respectively, the main consumed species. The fish is an important source of food to the artisanal fisherman of the studied communities.

A pesca artesanal no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos é uma atividade tradicional. As principais espécies-alvo são a tainha Mugil liza, a corvina Micropogonias furnieri e o camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus paulensis. É comum que pescadores consumam parte do que capturam (autoconsumo), o que pode ser significativo em certas comunidades. Neste trabalho objetivou-se estimar quali-quantitativamente o autoconsumo de pescado em três comunidades pesqueiras do município de Rio Grande. Entre setembro de 2010 e dezembro de 2011 foram entrevistados, periodicamente, 10 pescadores de cada comunidade, coletando-se informações sobre a pescaria e a quantidade de pescado consumida. A média de consumo per capita de pescado foi de 109 g dia-1 e 38,57 kg ano-1. O autoconsumo médio diário foi maior na primavera (161 g/pessoa) e no verão (162 g/pessoa), sendo a corvina e o camarão-rosa, respectivamente, as principais espécies consumidas. Os resultados indicaram que o pescado é importante fonte de alimento para os pescadores artesanais das comunidades.

Intussuscepção em um gato por Dipylidium caninum (relato de caso) / Intussusception in a cat by Dipylidium caninum - case report / La invaginación intestinal en un gato por Dipylidium caninum - relato del caso

A intussuscepção é uma afecção associada a distúrbios da motilidade intestinal, na qual ocorre a invaginação ou prolapso de uma parte do trato gastrintestinal no interior do lúmen de um segmento adjacente, consequente de corpos estranhos, infecções bacterianas e virais, massas intestinais, alterações na dieta e parasitismo intestinal. Ocorre com maior prevalência em cães jovens. Na maioria dos pacientes,os sinais clínicos são inespecíficos, sendo anorexia, depressão, dispneia, letargia, perda de peso, êmese, diarreia, sensibilidade e distensão abdominal, fezes mucosas, isquemia, prolapso retal, ausência de defecação, desidratação, acúmulo de gás e constipação. O diagnóstico é obtido através de exame clínico e exames de imagem. O tratamento é cirúrgico com a finalidade de remover a intussuscepção.(AU)

The intussusception is associated with disorders of gut motility disorder, that the invagination or prolapse of one part of the gastrointestinal tract into the lumen of an adjacent segment, resulting from foreign bodies, bacterial and viral infections, intestinal mass, dietary changes occur , intestinal mass and intestinal parasitism. Occurs with greater prevalence in young dogs. In most patients, the clinical signs are nonspecific, with anorexia, depression, dyspnea, lethargy, weight loss, emesis, diarrhea, sensitivity and bloating, mucous stools, ischemia, rectal prolapse, lack of defecation, dehydration, accumulation of gas and constipation. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and imaging. Treatment is surgical with the purpose of removing intussusception.(AU)

La intususcepción es una condición asociada con trastornos de la motilidad intestinal, en el que se produce la invaginación o prolapso de una parte del tracto gastrointestinal en el lumen de un segmento adyacente, resultante de cuerpos extranos, infecciones virales y bacterianas, masas intestinales, cambios en la dieta y el parasitismo intestinal. Ocurre con mayor prevalencia en perros jóvenes. En la mayoría de los pacientes, los signos clínicos son inespecíficos, anorexia, depresión, disnea, letargo, pérdida de peso, vómitos, diarrea, distensión abdominal y dolor, deposiciones mucosas, isquemia, prolapso rectal, no la defecación, la deshidratación, la acumulación de gases y estreñimiento. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante el examen clínico y los estudios de imagen. El tratamiento es quirúrgico con el propósito de eliminar la intususcepción.(AU)

Intussuscepção em um gato por Dipylidium caninum (relato de caso) / Intussusception in a cat by Dipylidium caninum - case report / La invaginación intestinal en un gato por Dipylidium caninum - relato del caso

A intussuscepção é uma afecção associada a distúrbios da motilidade intestinal, na qual ocorre a invaginação ou prolapso de uma parte do trato gastrintestinal no interior do lúmen de um segmento adjacente, consequente de corpos estranhos, infecções bacterianas e virais, massas intestinais, alterações na dieta e parasitismo intestinal. Ocorre com maior prevalência em cães jovens. Na maioria dos pacientes,os sinais clínicos são inespecíficos, sendo anorexia, depressão, dispneia, letargia, perda de peso, êmese, diarreia, sensibilidade e distensão abdominal, fezes mucosas, isquemia, prolapso retal, ausência de defecação, desidratação, acúmulo de gás e constipação. O diagnóstico é obtido através de exame clínico e exames de imagem. O tratamento é cirúrgico com a finalidade de remover a intussuscepção.

The intussusception is associated with disorders of gut motility disorder, that the invagination or prolapse of one part of the gastrointestinal tract into the lumen of an adjacent segment, resulting from foreign bodies, bacterial and viral infections, intestinal mass, dietary changes occur , intestinal mass and intestinal parasitism. Occurs with greater prevalence in young dogs. In most patients, the clinical signs are nonspecific, with anorexia, depression, dyspnea, lethargy, weight loss, emesis, diarrhea, sensitivity and bloating, mucous stools, ischemia, rectal prolapse, lack of defecation, dehydration, accumulation of gas and constipation. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and imaging. Treatment is surgical with the purpose of removing intussusception.

La intususcepción es una condición asociada con trastornos de la motilidad intestinal, en el que se produce la invaginación o prolapso de una parte del tracto gastrointestinal en el lumen de un segmento adyacente, resultante de cuerpos extranos, infecciones virales y bacterianas, masas intestinales, cambios en la dieta y el parasitismo intestinal. Ocurre con mayor prevalencia en perros jóvenes. En la mayoría de los pacientes, los signos clínicos son inespecíficos, anorexia, depresión, disnea, letargo, pérdida de peso, vómitos, diarrea, distensión abdominal y dolor, deposiciones mucosas, isquemia, prolapso rectal, no la defecación, la deshidratación, la acumulación de gases y estreñimiento. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante el examen clínico y los estudios de imagen. El tratamiento es quirúrgico con el propósito de eliminar la intususcepción.

Prevalência de anticorpos anti-Chlamydophila spp. em propriedades rurais com histórico de aborto bovino no estado do Paraná / Prevalence of antibodies against Chlamydophila spp. in herds with bovine abortion of Paraná state, Brazil

Chlamydophila abortus é o agente etiológico do aborto epizoótico bovino, cujas manifestações clínicas mais freqüentes são aborto, nascimento de bezerros prematuros e de animais fracos, natimorto e repetição de cio em intervalos irregulares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Chlamydophila spp. em fêmeas bovinas de propriedades rurais com histórico de aborto, selecionadas dentro do delineamento amostral do Plano Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose no estado do Paraná. Foram testadas pela prova de fixação de complemento 3.102 amostras de soro de fêmeas bovinas (idade > 24 meses), provenientes de 373 propriedades. Ao total, 44 (1,42 por cento) animais foram positivos com títulos > 32. A prevalência de focos foi de 8,82 por cento (6,15 por cento-12,17 por cento). Animais confinados ou semi-confinados (OR=3.339, P=0.004), propriedade com menos de 35 matrizes (OR=3.339, P=0.017), presença de produtos do aborto na pastagem (OR=2.372, P=0.037) e aluguel de pasto (OR=3.398, P=0.006) foram considerados fatores de risco para Chlamydophila spp. A infecção por Chlamydophila spp. acometeu um número pequeno de animais, oriundos de propriedades com histórico de aborto. A importância deste agente como causa de aborto em bovinos no estado do Paraná, se existir, é muito pequena.(AU)

Chlamydophila abortus is a recognized cause of bovine epizootic abortion. Abortion, premature birth and weak lamb/calf, stillbirth and repeat breeding in irregular intervals are the most frequent disease manifestations. The complement fixation test is the recommended by the World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) for Chlamydophila spp. serologic diagnosis. The aim of this study was estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Chlamydophila spp. in cattle herds with abortion, selected inside the sampling design of National Program of Control and Erradication of Brucellosis in Paraná state. Serum samples of 3,102 cows (age > 24 months) from 373 herds were analyzed by complement fixation test. Totally, 44 (1.42 percent) animal were positive with titers > 32. The seroprevalence of Chlamydophila spp. in the herds was 8.82 percent (6.15 percent-12.17 percent). Four variables were associated with seroprevalence for Chlamydophila spp. in the final model of logistic regression: confined or semi-confined breeding (OR=3.339, P=0.004), farms with less than 35 cows (OR=3.339, P=0.017), abortion in the pasture (OR=2.372, P=0.037) and pasture rent (OR=3.398, P=0.006) were risk factors for Chlamydophila spp. This bacterium infected a small number of cattle from herds with abortion in Paraná state. Chlamydophila spp impact as abortion cause is reduced in this state.(AU)

Pilot study about fish self-consumption among artisanal fishermen in Patos Lagoon estuary, RS, Brazil / Estudo piloto sobre o autoconsumo de pescado entre pescadores artesanais do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brasil

The artisanal fishery in Patos Lagoon estuary is a traditional activity. The main target species are mullet Mugil liza, white-croaker Micropogonias furnieri and pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis. It is common for fishermen to consume the fish caught by them (self-consumption), what is believed to be important in certain communities. This study aims to estimate quantitatively and qualitatively the self-consumption of fish in three fishing communities of Rio Grande city. From September 2010 to December 2011, ten fishermen from each community were periodically interviewed for collecting information about fisheries and fish self-consumption. The mean per capita consumption of fish found was 109 g day-1, and 38.57 kg year-1. The higher mean daily self-consumption was found for spring (161 g/person) and summer (162 g/person), being the white croaker and the pink shrimp, respectively, the main consumed species. The fish is an important source of food to the artisanal fisherman of the studied communities.

A pesca artesanal no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos é uma atividade tradicional. As principais espécies-alvo são a tainha Mugil liza, a corvina Micropogonias furnieri e o camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus paulensis. É comum que pescadores consumam parte do que capturam (autoconsumo), o que pode ser significativo em certas comunidades. Neste trabalho objetivou-se estimar quali-quantitativamente o autoconsumo de pescado em três comunidades pesqueiras do município de Rio Grande. Entre setembro de 2010 e dezembro de 2011 foram entrevistados, periodicamente, 10 pescadores de cada comunidade, coletando-se informações sobre a pescaria e a quantidade de pescado consumida. A média de consumo per capita de pescado foi de 109 g dia-1 e 38,57 kg ano-1. O autoconsumo médio diário foi maior na primavera (161 g/pessoa) e no verão (162 g/pessoa), sendo a corvina e o camarão-rosa, respectivamente, as principais espécies consumidas. Os resultados indicaram que o pescado é importante fonte de alimento para os pescadores artesanais das comunidades.

Association between microscopic kidney´s lesions and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp in apparently healthy swine, originated from slaughterhouse in northern Paraná state / Associação entre as lesões renais microscópicas e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp em suínos aparentemente sadios, abatidos em frigorífico da região norte do estado do Paraná

The aim of this work was to demonstrate the association between microscopic kidney´s lesions and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp in apparently healthy swine from slaughterhouses located in northern Paraná State. Samples of kidney and blood coagulum were collected from 120 animals with macroscopic kidney´s lesions type white spots and from120 animals without macroscopic lesions, used as control. Samples of serum, were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and samples of kidney for histopathological evaluation stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Although no association (p=0,27) between macroscopic kidneys lesions type white spots and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp has been observed, there was a significant association (p=0,015) between interstitial nephritis and seropositivity to leptospirosis.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a associação entre lesões renais microscópicas e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp em suínos aparentemente sadios, abatidos em frigorífico da região norte do Estado do Paraná. Foram colhidas amostras de rim e coágulo sanguíneo de 120 animais com lesões renais macroscópicas tipo white spots e de 120 sem lesões renais macroscópicas tipo White spots, utilizados como controle. As amostras de soro foram submetidas à prova de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) e as amostras de rim, ao exame histopatológico corado pela Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE). Embora nenhuma associação (p=0,27) entre as lesões renais macroscópicas tipo white spots e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp tenha sido observada, verificou-se uma significativa associação (p=0,015) entre a nefrite intersticial e a soropositividade para leptospirose.

Prevalência de anticorpos contra Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos da região de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil / Prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydophila abortus in ovines in the Londrina area of Paraná state, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Chlamydophila abortus em ovinos de propriedades localizadas na região de Londrina, estado do Paraná. A prova de fixação de complemento foi realizada em 267 amostras de soro sanguíneo de ovinos adultos, provenientes de oito propriedades e foram considerados positivos os soros com títulos ? 32. Em sete (87,50%) propriedades foram detectados 19 (7,11%) animais positivos, sendo 17 com títulos de 32, um com 64 e outro com 128. Nestas propriedades, os sinais clínicos descritos foram abortamentos, natimortalidade, nascimento de crias fracas e repetição de cio. A elevada frequência de propriedades com pelo menos um animal positivo e a ocorrência de 19 (7,11%) animais positivos na prova de fixação de complemento sugerem a presença de Chlamydophila abortus nos animais das propriedades estudadas.

The aim of this paper was to estimate the prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydophila abortus in ewes from the Londrina region of Paraná state. Blood samples from 267 adult ewes from eight herds were submitted to complement fixation testing. Tests were considered positive when the titers ? 32. Nineteen animals (7.11%) in 7 (87.50%) herds tested positive for antibodies against C. abortus. The titers were 32 in 17 animals and were 64 and 128 in the other two animals. The clinical signs recorded were abortion, stillbirth, weak newborns and heat repetition. The high frequency of herds with at least one positive animal and a seroprevalence of 7.11% suggest the presence of Chlamydophila abortus in the animals of studied herds.

Association between microscopic kidney´s lesions and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp in apparently healthy swine, originated from slaughterhouse in northern Paraná state / Associação entre as lesões renais microscópicas e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp em suínos aparentemente sadios, abatidos em frigorífico da região norte do estado do Paraná

The aim of this work was to demonstrate the association between microscopic kidney´s lesions and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp in apparently healthy swine from slaughterhouses located in northern Paraná State. Samples of kidney and blood coagulum were collected from 120 animals with macroscopic kidney´s lesions type white spots and from120 animals without macroscopic lesions, used as control. Samples of serum, were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and samples of kidney for histopathological evaluation stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Although no association (p=0,27) between macroscopic kidneys lesions type white spots and presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp has been observed, there was a significant association (p=0,015) between interstitial nephritis and seropositivity to leptospirosis.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a associação entre lesões renais microscópicas e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp em suínos aparentemente sadios, abatidos em frigorífico da região norte do Estado do Paraná. Foram colhidas amostras de rim e coágulo sanguíneo de 120 animais com lesões renais macroscópicas tipo white spots e de 120 sem lesões renais macroscópicas tipo White spots, utilizados como controle. As amostras de soro foram submetidas à prova de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) e as amostras de rim, ao exame histopatológico corado pela Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE). Embora nenhuma associação (p=0,27) entre as lesões renais macroscópicas tipo white spots e a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp tenha sido observada, verificou-se uma significativa associação (p=0,015) entre a nefrite intersticial e a soropositividade para leptospirose.