Avifauna of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park revisited: additions and deletions in a period of 15 years

The Serra de Itabaiana National Park (PARNASI) is known as an important conservation area in the ecotone between the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga in Northeast Brazil and is one of the main areas of fauna and flora studies in Sergipe. For this reason, there are some studies on its avifauna, which date back to its creation in 2005. However, after 15 years of establishment of PARNASI, an update of the inventory of birds is necessary due to adjustments in the management of the park. The present study aimed to update the bird inventory of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, chronologically comparing the new ornithological records obtained, aiming to contribute to the knowledge and conservation of Sergipe's avifauna. The data were compiled from scientific publications, personal files and from documented records on a specialized website. The resulting list includes 227 bird species belonging to 49 families, including Thraupidae (28 species; 12.4%), Tyrannidae (25 species; 11.1%) and Accipitridae (17 species; 7.5%) as the most representative. The most representative guilds were insectivorous (87 species; 38.3%) and omnivorous (60 species; 26.4%), and by species independent of the forest environment (87 species; 38.3%). Fourteen bird species are threatened with extinction. Nine species are endemic to the Caatinga biome, eight to the Atlantic Forest and one to the Cerrado. We added 104 species to the first checklist produced for the PARNASI created in 2005, including Nyctibius grandis (Nyctibiidae), a new record for the state of Sergipe. PARNASI's updated list of bird species allows for a better assessment of its effectiveness in the conservation of the local avifauna, facilitating management actions that allow the coexistence and perpetuation of species over time.(AU)

Non-volant mammals of the Ibura National Forest, northeastern Brazil

Less than 10% of the original Atlantic Forest cover now remains standing in the Brazilian state of Sergipe, although few scientific studies have focused on its mammalian diversity. The present study describes the diversity of non-volant mammals found in the Ibura National Forest (INF), based on live trapping, and direct and indirect observations. We sampled the IBF on six days per month between June 2012 and August 2013, using live-traps (Sherman-type) positioned in pairs (ground and understory). We equally sampled semideciduous forest and an abandoned Eucalyptusplantation with dense understory (over 30 years). We also used non-systematics methods (direct observations, vestiges, camera-trap, and opportunistic captures). We recorded 18 species, from 12 families and 7 orders considering all the applied methods. Among recorded species, Bradypus torquatusand Lontra longicaudisare considered threatened of extinction. Considering only the live-trapping (totaling 3,240 trapping nights), we captured 125 individuals (3.85% success) from four species, Marmosa demerarae(52%), Didelphis albiventris(19.2%), Cerradomys vivoi(15.2%), and M. murina(13.6%). Estimated and observed richness was the same, suggesting a satisfactory effort. Didelphis albiventrisand M. demeraraeshowed significantly higher captures in the dry seasons. Didelphis albiventrisand C.vivoishowed significantly higher captures in the substratum, and M. demeraraehigher in the understory. Cerradomysvivoishowed significantly higher captures in the Eucalyptusphytophysiognomy. Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling and the ANOSIM showed a significant difference in the captured species among semidecidual forest and Eucalyptus. Despite the small area (144 ha), the INF still houses a relatively high mammalian diversity. Further investigations may help to understand the role of habitat reduction in the diversity and habitat partitioning among mammal species in the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil.

Species diversity and seasonal variation in the composition of a bat community in the semi-arid brazilian caatinga / Diversidade de espécies e variação sazonal na composição da comunidade de morcegos na caatinga brasileira

The caatinga scrublands are relatively poorly-studied, and few data are available on the biomes chiropteran fauna. The present study focuses on the bat community of the arboreal caatinga of Serra da Guia. Bats were trapped in mist-nets on three new moon nights per month between October, 2008, and September, 2009. Atotal of 157 individuals were captured, representing 12 species. Species richness estimated by Jackknife1 was 14.8. Glossophaga soricina and Carollia perspicillata were by far the most common species, accounting for 56.7% of the specimens captured. Species diversity was 1.80, while equitability was 0.72. There was no significant seasonal difference in species diversity or evenness. However, the present study recorded a clear seasonal shift in community structure. The principal difference in species composition was related to the temporal distribution of the rarest forms all of the seven rarest species were recorded exclusively in only one season (dry or wet). The nectarivorous bats predominated numerically both in the dry season as in rainy, while frugivores became prominent, in terms of both the number of species and individuals, during the wet season. The predominance of stenodermatine bats during the wet season almost certainly reflects the increased availability of resources for this group during this part of the year.(AU)

A caatinga é relativamente pobre em estudos e apresenta poucos dados sobre a quiropterofauna. O presente estudo foi focado na comunidade de morcegos numa caatinga arbórea na Serra da Guia. Os morcegos foram capturados em redes de neblina durante três noites de lua nova por mês entre outubro, 2008 e setembro 2009. Um total de 157 indivíduos foram capturados, representando 12 espécies. A riqueza de espécies estimada por Jackknife 1 foi 14,8. Glossophaga soricina e Carollia perspicillata foram as espécies mais comuns, representando 56,7% dos indivíduos capturados. A diversidade das espécies (H) foi 1,80, enquanto a equitabilidade foi 0,72. Não houve diferença sazonal significativa na diversidade e equitabilidade de espécies. No entanto, o presente estudo registrou uma clara mudança sazonal na estrutura da comunidade. A principal diferença na composição de espécies foi relacionada com a distribuição temporal das formas mais raras - todas as sete espécies mais raras foram registradas exclusivamente em apenas uma das duas estações (seca ou chuvosa). Os nectarívoros predominaram numericamente tanto na estação seca quanto na chuvosa, enquanto frugívoros tornaram-se proeminentes, tanto em termos de número de espécies e indivíduos, durante a estação chuvosa. A predominância de stenodermatineos durante a estação chuvosa provavelmente reflete o aumento da disponibilidade de recursos(AU)

Nonvolant mammals in habitats of the Caatinga scrub and cloud forest enclave at Serra da Guia, state of Sergipe / Mamíferos não-voadores em habitats de Caatinga arbustiva e enclave de brejo de altitude na Serra da Guia, estado de Sergipe

There were identified 19 species of nonvolant mammals on the Serra da Guia region, municipalities of Poço Redondo - Sergipe and Pedro Alexandre - Bahia. The samplings were conducted between December 2008 and August 2009, in two different areas: Caatinga dry scrub and a Cloud Forest enclave, in which were placed 10 Sherman type traps, within three nights per month. To mid and large mammals species, existing transects of 1,000 m were traveled, searching for tracks, sightings, feces or vocalizations. Among sampled species, only Leopardus tigrinus is in the IUCN Red List, classified as Vulnerable (VU). Regarding the differences between the study sites, some species were sampled only in exclusive areas, as: Monodelphis domestica and Thrichomys laurentius to Caatinga dry scrub; and Marmosops incanus, Trinomys albispinus and Oecomys catherinae to Cloud Forest. Continued studies may provide more information about the mammal diversity and the role of Cloud Forest in the maintenance of such diversity, to the Caatinga Biome.

Foram identificadas 19 espécies de mamíferos não voadores na região da Serra da Guia, nos municípios de Poço Redondo, Sergipe e Pedro Alexandre, Bahia. As amostragens foram realizadas nos meses de dezembro 2008 a agosto 2009 em duas áreas: caatinga arbustiva e brejo de altitude, nas quais foram colocadas 10 armadilhas tipo Sherman, com três noites de amostragem por mês, para a captura de mamíferos de pequeno porte. No caso dos mamíferos de médio e grande porte, foram realizados transectos de 1.000 m em trilhas pré-existentes, na busca de rastros, visualizações, fezes e vocalizações. Dentre as espécies de amostradas, apenas Leopardus tigrinus consta na Lista Vermelha da IUCN, classificada como Vulnerável (VU). Em relação à distinção entre os ambientes, algumas espécies foram capturadas exclusivamente em determinadas áreas, como: Monodelphis domestica e Thrichomys laurentius para Caatinga arbustiva; e Marmosops incanus, Trinomys albispinus e Oecomys catherinae, para brejo de altitude. Com estudos contínuos podem ser fornecidas maiores informações sobre a diversidade de mamíferos não voadores e o papel dos brejos de altitude na manutenção da mesma, no bioma Caatinga.

Nonvolant mammals in habitats of the Caatinga scrub and cloud forest enclave at Serra da Guia, state of Sergipe / Mamíferos não-voadores em habitats de Caatinga arbustiva e enclave de brejo de altitude na Serra da Guia, estado de Sergipe

There were identified 19 species of nonvolant mammals on the Serra da Guia region, municipalities of Poço Redondo - Sergipe and Pedro Alexandre - Bahia. The samplings were conducted between December 2008 and August 2009, in two different areas: Caatinga dry scrub and a Cloud Forest enclave, in which were placed 10 Sherman type traps, within three nights per month. To mid and large mammals species, existing transects of 1,000 m were traveled, searching for tracks, sightings, feces or vocalizations. Among sampled species, only Leopardus tigrinus is in the IUCN Red List, classified as Vulnerable (VU). Regarding the differences between the study sites, some species were sampled only in exclusive areas, as: Monodelphis domestica and Thrichomys laurentius to Caatinga dry scrub; and Marmosops incanus, Trinomys albispinus and Oecomys catherinae to Cloud Forest. Continued studies may provide more information about the mammal diversity and the role of Cloud Forest in the maintenance of such diversity, to the Caatinga Biome.(AU)

Foram identificadas 19 espécies de mamíferos não voadores na região da Serra da Guia, nos municípios de Poço Redondo, Sergipe e Pedro Alexandre, Bahia. As amostragens foram realizadas nos meses de dezembro 2008 a agosto 2009 em duas áreas: caatinga arbustiva e brejo de altitude, nas quais foram colocadas 10 armadilhas tipo Sherman, com três noites de amostragem por mês, para a captura de mamíferos de pequeno porte. No caso dos mamíferos de médio e grande porte, foram realizados transectos de 1.000 m em trilhas pré-existentes, na busca de rastros, visualizações, fezes e vocalizações. Dentre as espécies de amostradas, apenas Leopardus tigrinus consta na Lista Vermelha da IUCN, classificada como Vulnerável (VU). Em relação à distinção entre os ambientes, algumas espécies foram capturadas exclusivamente em determinadas áreas, como: Monodelphis domestica e Thrichomys laurentius para Caatinga arbustiva; e Marmosops incanus, Trinomys albispinus e Oecomys catherinae, para brejo de altitude. Com estudos contínuos podem ser fornecidas maiores informações sobre a diversidade de mamíferos não voadores e o papel dos brejos de altitude na manutenção da mesma, no bioma Caatinga.(AU)