Ovum pick-up technique in recently weaned ewe lambs subjected to ovarian stimulation

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and possible complications of the laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) technique and to optimize ovarian stimulation in recently weaned ewe lambs.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-six healthy lambs, aging 4-8 weeks, were used in this study and divided into six different groups of six animals. Intravaginal implants of medroxyprogesterone were used for follicular wave induction, and parenteral equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were administered for ovarian stimulation. Ewes from group GCN did not receive any treatment. In group GCI, the animals received only intravaginal implants. For other groups, ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in Group G80U, ewes were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp; in Group G80M, ewes received 4 administrations of 20 mg FSH, in Group G160U, they were treated with a single dose of 160 mg FSH; and in Group G160M they received 4 administrations of 40 mg FSH). Quantitative and qualitative assessment of retrieved oocytes were carried out after LOPU. In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes was also quantitative and qualitatively analyzed. Surgical procedure was divided into 6 stages and overall and stage surgical times were assessed. Post-operative pain and plasma fibrinogen were also assessed. The mean overall surgical time...(AU)

Endoscopic approach for a laryngeal neoplasm in a dog / Abordagem endoscópica de neoplasia em laringe em um cão

Laryngeal and tracheal tumors are rare in pets; some piece of information on their disease behavior, therapy and evolution are limited. Neoplasms in this area are a diagnostic challenge. In many cases, they can be biopsied and excised using endoscopic instruments, but there is no report of this in canines. The goal of this study is to report a successful case of a laryngeal neoplasm removal through endoscopy. A head and neck radiogram revealed a mass in the laryngeal lumen protruding into the trachea. The patient then underwent an endoscopy to confirm the radiographic diagnosis and to surgically remove the tumor. The histopathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated carcinoma. The most appropriate treatment for laryngeal tumors is the resection of the submucosa or a partial laryngectomy however, partial and total laryngectomies are associated with many postoperative complications. In contrast, the endoscopic approach allows for highly magnified visualization of the lesion in situ, which facilitates the surgical removal of the mass through videosurgery. With little manipulation of the affected area, the chances of postoperative complications are reduced, leading to a more rapid recovery. .(AU)

Tumores de laringe e traqueia são raros em animais de estimação e as informações sobre o comportamento, terapia e evolução destas neoplasias são limitadas. Neoplasias nesta área são desafios diagnósticos. Em muitos casos, pode ser feita a biópsia e excisão da massa utilizando instrumentos endoscópicos, mas não existe relato deste tipo de procedimento em caninos. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de sucesso da remoção endoscópica de um tumor de laringe. A radiografia da região cervical revelou uma massa na luz da laringe invadindo a traqueia. O paciente foi então submetido a uma endoscopia para confirmar o diagnóstico radiográfico e remover cirurgicamente o tumor. O diagnóstico histopatológico foi de carcinoma pouco diferenciado. O tratamento mais adequado para os tumores da laringe é a ressecção da submucosa ou uma laringectomia parcial, no entanto, estas estão associadas a muitas complicações pós-operatórias. Em contraste, a abordagem endoscópica permite a visualização da lesão in situ, o que facilita a remoção cirúrgica da massa através de videocirurgia. Com pouca manipulação da área afetada, as chances de complicações pós-operatórias são reduzidas, levando a uma recuperação mais rápida. .(AU)

Ovum pick-up technique in recently weaned ewe lambs subjected to ovarian stimulation

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and possible complications of the laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) technique and to optimize ovarian stimulation in recently weaned ewe lambs.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-six healthy lambs, aging 4-8 weeks, were used in this study and divided into six different groups of six animals. Intravaginal implants of medroxyprogesterone were used for follicular wave induction, and parenteral equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were administered for ovarian stimulation. Ewes from group GCN did not receive any treatment. In group GCI, the animals received only intravaginal implants. For other groups, ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in Group G80U, ewes were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp; in Group G80M, ewes received 4 administrations of 20 mg FSH, in Group G160U, they were treated with a single dose of 160 mg FSH; and in Group G160M they received 4 administrations of 40 mg FSH). Quantitative and qualitative assessment of retrieved oocytes were carried out after LOPU. In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes was also quantitative and qualitatively analyzed. Surgical procedure was divided into 6 stages and overall and stage surgical times were assessed. Post-operative pain and plasma fibrinogen were also assessed. The mean overall surgical time...

Use of a standard operative laparoscope for ventriculus foreign body removal in a Toco Toucan (Ramphastos toco)

Background: Cases of ventricular foreign bodies are common in some species of birds. Moreover, ventricular impactions may develop depending on the type of the material ingested. The diagnosis is based on physical examination, radiography, endoscopy and surgical exploration. The choice of the treatment basically depends on the nature of the foreign body. Endoscopy is a less invasive approach that can be used in some situations, in some species. The benefits of endoscopic approaches are wide, as traditional approaches are more invasive and inflict a higher postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, the correct endoscope technique never been described. This study reports a case of a foreign body in a toucan's ventriculus, removed using a standard operative laparoscope/nephroscope. Case: A young Toco Toucan (Ramphastos toco) was referred to the Veterinary Hospital (São Paulo State University - FCAV/UNESP) by the State Environmental Guard. Survey radiographs indicated a foreign body in the ventriculus. The physical exam revealed apathy, but the bird was responsive to handling. The patient was pinioned. Based on the size of the foreign body, the endoscope retrieval was the first treatment option. The patient was fasted for 6 hours and anesthetized with isoflurane. The rigid endoscope/laparoscope with working channel was carefully passed through the esophagus, into the ventriculus. This view was impaired by a large amount of fibrin and gastroesophageal mucus, which was rinsed with normal saline and aspirated through the operating channel. There was marked hyperemia on the ventriculus mucosa and a large amount of fibrin and gastroesophageal mucus. The foreign body was retrieved using a standard 10-mm 0° rigid laparoscope/nephroscope with working channel, and a 42 cm long, 5-mm atraumatic laparoscopic Babcock forceps by gentile traction and axial rotation. The overall intervention time was 24 min, since mask induction until foreign body retrieve. The patient recovered with no complications in the early postoperative period and convalesced completely and uneventfully following 2 days. Discussion: The operative rigid endoscope allowed for both visualization of the oral cavity, esophagus, proventriculus and ventriculus and foreign body removal, through the working channel, demonstrating the potential benefits and feasibility of such approach in birds. Nevertheless, up to date, endoscopy have been used in toucans only for sex determination. The current report demonstrated the effectiveness of endoscopy in order to avoid the risk of death due to a surgical approach. Gastrointestinal foreign bodies are common indication for endoscopic approach. If the foreign body is present in the crop, it is easily removed with the use of an endoscope and grasper forceps, or by ingluviotomy. Even though the foreign body passes into the proventriculus or ventriculus, rigid endoscopy may still be the best treatment option. The 30º Trendelenburg positioning was crucial for the complete success of the procedure, not only for avoiding the risk of fluid aspiration, but also for improving the access to the ventriculus.

Aspectos reprodutivos do muçuã (Kinosternon scorpioides) em cativeiro

O presente trabalho relaciona-se à pesquisa experimental com Kinosternon scorpioides adultos em cativeiro e teve como objetivo descrever e analisar aspectos da biologia reprodutiva e do comportamento de Kinosternon scorpioides adultos em cativeiro, mediante parâmetros relacionados ao ciclo sexual e desempenho reprodutivo de exemplares adultos de Kinosternon scorpioides do Criadouro Científico de Muçuã do Projeto Bio-Fauna, no Campus Sede da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia ? UFRA, em Belém, Pará. Foram formados dois lotes de machos e fêmeas, na proporção de 1:3, compreendendo 18 reprodutores e 54 matrizes. Os animais foram alimentados às segundas, quartas e sextas-feiras, na proporção de 1% PV/dia, entre 11h e 14h. A alimentação foi constituída de 70% ração para peixe (22%PB) + 30% mix (subprodutos de origem animal). Ao longo de três anos, mensalmente foi realizada biometria dos animais e, diariamente, o monitoramento dos animais e da areia dos recintos para identificação de ninhos e ovos. Registros radiográficos das fêmeas foram realizados durante uma estação reprodutiva, mediante exame mensal individual, compreendendo 12 meses. Foram realizadas análises de variância (ANOVA) e correlações e regressões lineares simples, estabelecendo-se relações alométricas entre femêas e ovos. Para kinosternideos em cativeiro nas condições deste trabalho destacam-se alguns resultados. 0 comportamento agonístico apresentado pela espécie foi determinante, de maneira geral, para ordenar o acesso à área de forrageio, ao alimento, aos locais de descanso e, no caso de machos, o acesso às fêmeas. Verificou-se que a hierarquia social entre indivíduos da espécie está relacionada com o peso e tamanho corporal (p<0,05). Fêmeas mais pesadas realizaram posturas em maior número e tamanho, verificando-se...

This study is related to experimental research with Kinosternon scorpioides adults in captivity and aimed to describe and analyze aspects of the reproductive biology and behavior of these animals through the assessment of parameters related to sexual reproductive cycle and performance of adult specimens. The animals in the study were from the Criadouro Científico de Muçuã in the Bio-Fauna Project at the Main Campus of the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia ? UFRA in Belém, State of Pará. Two groups of animals were formed in the ratio of 3:1 including a total of 54 females and 18 males . The animals were fed on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays between 11 am and 2pm, in the proportion of 1% PV/day. The food was constituted of 70% fish food (22% PB) + 30% mix (by-products of animal origin). During the course of 3 years the animals were biometrically measured monthly and the sand in the cages monitored daily for the presence of nests and eggs. Radiographic records of females were performed during one reproductive season through individual monthly examination, comprising 12 months. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and simple linear correlation and regression were conducted establishing allometric relationships between females and eggs. Some results are highlighted for this study with the Kinostemidae turtles in the captivity conditions used. The agonistic behavior presented by the species was in general decisive for an orderly access to the foraging area, food, resting areas and, in the case of males, to females. It was observed that the social hierarchy among individuals is related to body weight and size (p<0.05). Heavier females laid eggs in greater numbers and size and a positive correlation between these variables was evident. The body mass proved to be a limiting factor for the females to be a cyclic female in...