Tríade felina / Feline triad

A tríade felina é uma síndrome que envolve o desenvolvimento concomitante de colangite, pancreatite e doença inflamatória intestinal (DII). Os gatos têm condições anatômicas que os predispõem ao desenvolvimento dessas doenças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o assunto e relatar um caso de tríade felina. Gata de 14 anos, castrada e sem raça definida, foi atendida em uma clínica particular na cidade de Fortaleza - Ceará. Na ananese, o responsável se queixou dos sinis clinicos de vômito, anorexia, apatia, letargia, ausência de defecação e icterícia. Foi realizada biópsia do fígado, duodeno e pâncreas por laparotomia exploradora. A análise histopatológica desses órgãos revelou a presença de colangite esclerosante crônica acentuada, pancreatite crônica leve e DII crônica. O paciente não resistiu às complicações do quadro clínico e morreu dois dias após a avaliação clínica. Métodos invasivos, como laparotomia exploradora para biópsia incisional, ainda são, apesar do custo e do risco anestésico envolvidos, os meios mais adequados para obter amostras para exame histopatológico e para fazer um diagnóstico definitivo se houver suspeita de tríade felina.

The feline triad is a syndrome that involves the concomitant development of cholangitis, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cats have anatomical conditions that pre-dispose them to the development of these diseases. The objective of this work was to perform a literature review on the subject and report a feline triad case. A 14-year-old female cat, spayed and with no defined breed was attended in a private clinic in the city of Fortaleza - Ceará. In the anamnesis, the guardian complained of the symptoms of vomiting, anorexia, apathy, lethargy, absence of defecation and jaundice. It was performed a biopsy of liver, duodenum and pancreas by exploratory laparotomy. The histopathological analysis of these organs revealed the presence of marked chronic sclerosing cholangitis, mild chronic pancreatitis and chronic IBD. The patient did not withstand the complications of the clinical condition and came to death two days after clinic evaluation. Invasive methods such as exploratory laparotomy for incisional biopsy are still, despite the cost and anesthetic risk involved, the most appropriate means to obtain samples for histopathological examination and to make a definitive diagnosis if feline triad is suspected.

Tríade felina / Feline triad

A tríade felina é uma síndrome que envolve o desenvolvimento concomitante de colangite, pancreatite e doença inflamatória intestinal (DII). Os gatos têm condições anatômicas que os predispõem ao desenvolvimento dessas doenças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o assunto e relatar um caso de tríade felina. Gata de 14 anos, castrada e sem raça definida, foi atendida em uma clínica particular na cidade de Fortaleza -Ceará. Na ananese, o responsável se queixou dos sinais clínicos de vômito, anorexia, apatia, letargia, ausência de defecação e icterícia. Foi realizada biópsia do fígado, duodeno e pâncreas por laparotomia exploradora. A análise histopatológica desses órgãos revelou a presença de colangite esclerosante crônica acentuada, pancreatite crônica leve e DII crônica. O paciente não resistiu às complicações do quadro clínico e morreu dois dias após a avaliação clínica. Métodos invasivos, como laparotomia exploradora para biópsia incisional, ainda são, apesar do custo e do risco anestésico envolvidos, os meios mais adequados para obter amostras para exame histopatológico e para fazer um diagnóstico definitivo se houver suspeita de tríade felina.(AU)

The feline triad is a syndrome that involves the concomitant development of cholangitis, pancreatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cats have anatomical conditions that pre-dispose them to the development of these diseases. The objective of this work was toper form a literature review on the subject and report a feline triad case. A 14-year-old female cat, spayed and with no defined breed was attended in a private clinic in the city of Fortaleza- Ceará. In the anamnesis, the guardian complained of the symptoms of vomiting, anorexia, apathy, lethargy, absence of defecation and jaundice. It was performed a biopsy of liver, duodenum and pancreas by exploratory laparotomy. The histopathological analysis of these organs revealed the presence of marked chronic sclerosing cholangitis, mild chronic pancreatitis and chronic IBD. The patient did not withstand the complications of the clinical condition and came to death two days after clinic evaluation. Invasive methods such as exploratory laparotomy for incisional biopsy are still, despite the cost and anesthetic risk involved, the most appropriate means to obtain samples for histopathological examination and to make a definitive diagnosis if feline triad is suspected.(AU)

Osteomielite fibrosante bacteriana mandibular em felino / Bacterial fibrous osteomyelitis of the mandible in feline

A osteomielite fibrosante é um processo inflamatório crônico, acompanhado pela destruição e substituição do tecido ósseo por fibroblastos, causado por um microorganismo infectante. Seu diagnóstico é baseado na história, achados radiográficos, histopatologia, cultura e antibiograma. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever um caso de osteomielite bacteriana crônica em felino doméstico (Felis catus) na região da mandíbula, acompanhado de osteólise. Após o exame, foi confirmado o diagnóstico de osteomielite fibrosante causada pela bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O tratamento de escolha foi hemimandibulectomia da porção afetada associada à antibioticoterapia. A paciente apresentou boa recuperação pós-operatória, concluindo que a técnica cirúrgica associada ao uso de antibióticos sensíveis às bactérias mostrou-se eficiente na resolução.

Firming osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process, accompanied by destruction and replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts, caused by an infecting microorganism. Its diagnosis is based on history, radiographic findings, histopathology, culture and antibiogram. The aim of the present study was to describe a case of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis in domestic feline (Felis catus) in the mandible region, accompanied by osteolysis. After examination, the diagnosis of fibrosing osteomyelitis caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed. The treatment of choice was hemimandibulectomy of the affected portion associated with antibiotic therapy. The patient had a good postoperative recovery, thus concluding that the surgical technique associated with the use of bacteria-sensitive antibiotics proved to be efficient in resolving.

Retalho de padrão axial omocervical empregado após exérese de carcinoma em pina / Omocervical axial employee standard retail after pina carcinoma exercise

A cirurgia reconstrutiva tem sido rotineiramente aplicada na medicina veterinária, seja na reconstrução tecidual causada por trauma ou até no momento da ressecção do tumor. O carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) é uma das neoplasias infiltravas mais comuns em felinos. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar um caso de excisão de CCE na região da pina em um gato doméstico (Felis catus). Foi atendido no setor de clínica médica no Departamento de Medicina Veterinária (DMV) da UFRPE, felino com lesão erosiva em pina. Na inspeção da lesão, foram observadas as áreas eritematosas, ulcerativas e crostosas. Durante a revisão histórica, observou-se que o animal foi submetido à pinectomia há 2 anos na orelha contralateral, com citologia sugestiva de CCE. Diante do quadro clínico, o animal foi encaminhado ao departamento de cirurgia do UFRPE DMV, com suspeita de recorrência do CCE. Com base no quadro clínico, a excisão da neoplasia com amplas margens livres foi escolhida através da ablação do conduto vertical, utilizando uma técnica de reconstrução cirúrgica com retalho axial da artéria omocervical. No exame histopatológico, os achados foram compatíveis com CCE bem diferenciado, com margens cirúrgicas livres. Após a alta, o paciente foi encaminhado ao departamento de oncologia.

Reconstructive surgery has been routinely applied in veterinary medicine, either in tissue reconstruction caused by trauma or even at the moment of tumor resection. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the infiltrative malignancies most common in feline. Thus, the objective of the present study was to report a case of ECC in the pina region in a domestic cat (Felis catus), and surgical excision with reconstruction using omocervical axial flap was performed to correct the defect. It was attended in the medical clinic sector in the Department of Veterinary Medicine (DMV) of UFRPE, a feline with erosive lesion in pine. In the inspection of the lesion, the erythematous, ulcerative and crusty areas were observed. During the historical review, it was observed that the animal underwent pinectomy for 2 years in the contralateral ear, with cytology suggestive of SCC. Facing the clinical picture, the animal was referred to the surgery department of the UFRPE DMV, with suspicion of recurrence of SCC. Based on the clinical picture, the excision of the neoplasia with wide free margins was chosen through the ablation of the vertical conduit using a surgical reconstruction technique with the axial flap of the omocervical artery. In histopathological examination, the findings were compatible with well differentiated SCC, with free surgical margins. After discharge, the patient was referred to the oncology department.

Retalho de padrão axial omocervical empregado após exérese de carcinoma em pina / Omocervical axial employee standard retail after pina carcinoma exercise

A cirurgia reconstrutiva tem sido rotineiramente aplicada na medicina veterinária, seja na reconstrução tecidual causada por trauma ou até no momento da ressecção do tumor. Ocarcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) é uma das neoplasias infiltravas mais comuns em felinos. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar um caso de excisão de CCE na região da pina em um gato doméstico (Felis catus). Foi atendido no setor de clínica médica no Departamento de Medicina Veterinária (DMV) da UFRPE, felino com lesão erosiva empina. Na inspeção da lesão, foram observadas as áreas eritematosas, ulcerativas e crostosas. Durante a revisão histórica, observou-se que o animal foi submetido à pinectomia há 2 anos na orelha contralateral, com citologia sugestiva de CCE. Diante do quadro clínico, o animal foi encaminhado ao departamento de cirurgia do UFRPE DMV, com suspeita de recorrência do CCE. Com base no quadro clínico, a excisão da neoplasia com amplas margens livres foi escolhida através da ablação do conduto vertical, utilizando uma técnica de reconstrução cirúrgica com retalho axial da artéria omocervical. No exame histopatológico, os achados foram compatíveis com CCE bem diferenciado, com margens cirúrgicas livres. Após a alta, o paciente foi encaminhado ao departamento de oncologia.(AU)

Reconstructive surgery has been routinely applied in veterinary medicine, either in tissue reconstruction caused by trauma or even at the moment of tumor resection. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the infiltrative malignancies most common in feline. Thus, the objective of the present study was to report a case of ECC in the pina region in a domestic cat (Felis catus), and surgical excision with reconstruction using omocervical axial flap was performed to correct the defect. It was attended in the medical clinic sector in the Department of Veterinary Medicine (DMV) of UFRPE, a feline with erosive lesion in pine. In the inspection of the lesion, the erythematous, ulcerative and crusty areas were observed. During the historical review, it was observed that the animal underwent pinectomy for 2 years in the contralateral ear, with cytology suggestive of SCC. Facing the clinical picture, the animal was referred to the surgery department of the UFRPE DMV, with suspicion of recurrence ofSCC. Based on the clinical picture, the excision of the neoplasia with wide free margins was chosen through the ablation of the vertical conduit using a surgical reconstruction technique with the axial flap of the omocervical artery. In histopathological examination, the findings were compatible with well differentiated SCC, with free surgical margins. After discharge, the patient was referred to the oncology department.(AU)

Osteomielíte fibrosante bacteriana mandibular em felino / Bacterial fibrous osteomyelitis of the mandible in feline

A osteomielite fibrosante é um processo inflamatório crônico, acompanhado pela destruição e substituição do tecido ósseo por fibroblastos, causado por um microorganismo infectante. Seu diagnóstico é baseado na história, achados radiográficos, histopatologia, cultura e antibiograma. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever um caso de osteomielite bacteriana crônica em felino doméstico (Felis catus) na região da mandíbula, acompanhado de osteólise. Após o exame, foi confirmado o diagnóstico de osteomielite fibrosante causada pela bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O tratamento de escolha foi hemimandibulectomia da porção afetada associada à antibioticoterapia. A pacientea presentou boa recuperação pós-operatória, concluindo que a técnica cirúrgica associada ao uso de antibióticos sensíveis às bactérias mostrou-se eficiente na resolução.(AU)

Firming osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process, accompanied by destruction and replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts, caused by an infecting microorganism. Its diagnosis is based on history, radiographic findings, histopathology, culture and antibiogram. The aim of the present study was to describe a case of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis in domestic feline (Felis catus) in the mandible region, accompanied byosteolysis. After examination, the diagnosis of fibrosing osteomyelitis caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed. The treatment of choice was hemimandibulectomy of the affected portion associated with antibiotic therapy. The patient had a good postoperative recovery, thus concluding that the surgical technique associated with the use of bacteria-sensitive antibiotics proved to be efficient in resolving.(AU)

CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+ and HSP60+ expressions in cellular infiltrate of canine mammary carcinoma in mixed tumor

Background: Cancer is a complex process that receive many influences of the tumor microenvironment. The participation of immune system cells and proteins in tumor microenvironment is not yet completely understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the infiltrate cellular, subpopulations of T-lymphocytes and HSP60 of canine mammary carcinoma in mixed tumor (CMCMT).Materials, Methods & Results: Female dogs (n = 20) were selected after Canine mammary tumor (CMT) diagnosis and data were achieved throughout clinical-pathological information. Clinical staging was evaluated and tumor biopsies were processed by histology and cellular infiltrate was performed according criteria and grade. Survival curve were generated by Kaplan-Meier and the lymphocytic infiltrate were compared by Log-Rank followed Chi-Square χ². For immunolabeling it was used anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-FoxP3 and HSP60 monoclonal antibodies and were attributed scores from 0 to 3. Clinical-pathological relationship was analyzed using Spearman correlation. This study was approved by the Committee for Ethics in Research using Animals (CEUA-UECE), protocol 12247080-2. Our data showed a mean age of 9.3 years-old, the size of tumors presented more than 5 cm (50%), which were located in inguinal mammary glands (70%), and CMTs shows I (70%) and II (30%) grade. The cellular infiltrate was distributed both in peri and intratumoral regions, dispersed multifocally with moderate intensity and lymphocytes were the major populations found into tumors (n = 826 ± 220). In relationship to cellular infiltrate with CMT grade it was observed that lymphocytes (ρ = 0.28) and plasma cells (ρ = 0.22) showed a slight positive correlation, and an opposed negative correlation of neutrophils (ρ = -0.1) and macrophages (ρ = -0.38). CMT presents moderate lymphocytic infiltrate (< 800 lymphocytes), shows higher (P = 0.01) survival rates as compared to intense lymphocytic infiltrate (≥ 800 lymphocytes).[...]

CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+ and HSP60+ expressions in cellular infiltrate of canine mammary carcinoma in mixed tumor

Background: Cancer is a complex process that receive many influences of the tumor microenvironment. The participation of immune system cells and proteins in tumor microenvironment is not yet completely understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the infiltrate cellular, subpopulations of T-lymphocytes and HSP60 of canine mammary carcinoma in mixed tumor (CMCMT).Materials, Methods & Results: Female dogs (n = 20) were selected after Canine mammary tumor (CMT) diagnosis and data were achieved throughout clinical-pathological information. Clinical staging was evaluated and tumor biopsies were processed by histology and cellular infiltrate was performed according criteria and grade. Survival curve were generated by Kaplan-Meier and the lymphocytic infiltrate were compared by Log-Rank followed Chi-Square χ². For immunolabeling it was used anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-FoxP3 and HSP60 monoclonal antibodies and were attributed scores from 0 to 3. Clinical-pathological relationship was analyzed using Spearman correlation. This study was approved by the Committee for Ethics in Research using Animals (CEUA-UECE), protocol 12247080-2. Our data showed a mean age of 9.3 years-old, the size of tumors presented more than 5 cm (50%), which were located in inguinal mammary glands (70%), and CMTs shows I (70%) and II (30%) grade. The cellular infiltrate was distributed both in peri and intratumoral regions, dispersed multifocally with moderate intensity and lymphocytes were the major populations found into tumors (n = 826 ± 220). In relationship to cellular infiltrate with CMT grade it was observed that lymphocytes (ρ = 0.28) and plasma cells (ρ = 0.22) showed a slight positive correlation, and an opposed negative correlation of neutrophils (ρ = -0.1) and macrophages (ρ = -0.38). CMT presents moderate lymphocytic infiltrate (< 800 lymphocytes), shows higher (P = 0.01) survival rates as compared to intense lymphocytic infiltrate (≥ 800 lymphocytes).[...](AU)

Efeito do treinamento de doma sobre os parâmetros físicos e hematobioquímicos de equinos, antes e após o exercício / Effect of taming training on physical and hemato-biochemical parameters of horses before and after exercise

Os equinos são preparados para exercícios de alta intensidade e destacam-se em atividades físicas onde a velocidade e a resistência são fatores importantes. Contudo, poucos estudos relatam os impactos do treinamento de doma sobre a homeostase. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do treinamento de doma sobre parâmetros físicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos em equinos. Para tanto, foram acompanhados cavalos (n =10) previamente selecionados para o programa de doma preparatória para o serviço de policiamento montado do Esquadrão de Polícia Montada (EPMONT, CE). Avaliaram-se as frequências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (FR) e a temperatura e, em amostras de sangue coletadas, os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos, nas seguintes etapas: em repouso (D0) e em treinamento, sendo no primeiro dia (D1), três meses após D1, no primeiro dia da fase de rua (D2), 15 (D3) e 30 (D4) dias, após o início da fase de rua. Para cada dia, o animal foi observado e amostras de sangue foram colhidas antes e depois do treinamento. Os resultados foram expressos em média ± erro padrão. Os dados foram analisados ao nível de 5% de significância (p≤0,05). Foram observados aumentos nas FC, FR e temperatura corporal, bem como nos teores de hemácias, hemoglobina, hematócrito, leucócitos totais, uréia, creatinina, aspartato-aminotransferase, lactato-desidrogenase, creatina-quinase, fosfatase alcalina e albumina depois do exercício, quando comparados a antes do treino. Conclui-se que o treinamento de doma em equinos provoca alterações importantes em parâmetros físicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cavalos, demonstrando a necessidade de acompanhamento dos animais.(AU)

Horses are animals naturally prepared for high-intensity exercise, especially in physical activities where speed and endurance are important factors. However, few studies have reported the impact of taming training in homeostasis. Thus, it was evaluate the effect of taming training horses in hematological, biochemical and physiological parameters. Horses (n =10) previously selected for the preparatory taming program of mounted police service of Esquadrão de Polícia Montada (EPMONT, CE). Were evaluate heart (HR) and respiratory (RR) rate, temperature (TºC) and in blood samples collected to access hematological and biochemical parameters on the fallow steps: animals on a rest day (D0) and during the training, at first day (D1), three months after D1, the first (D2), 15 (D3) and 30 (D4) days after early phase of the street. For each day, the animals were observed and blood samples were taken before and after training. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error and were analyzed with p≤0.05. The results present increased of HR, RR, T, counts of red blood cells and leukocytes and the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin after exercise when compared to before the exercise. In conclusion, the taming training causes changes in physics, hematological and biochemical parameters of horses, demonstrating to need have follow up during the exercise.(AU)

Efeito do treinamento de doma sobre os parâmetros físicos e hematobioquímicos de equinos, antes e após o exercício / Effect of taming training on physical and hemato-biochemical parameters of horses before and after exercise

Os equinos são preparados para exercícios de alta intensidade e destacam-se em atividades físicas onde a velocidade e a resistência são fatores importantes. Contudo, poucos estudos relatam os impactos do treinamento de doma sobre a homeostase. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do treinamento de doma sobre parâmetros físicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos em equinos. Para tanto, foram acompanhados cavalos (n =10) previamente selecionados para o programa de doma preparatória para o serviço de policiamento montado do Esquadrão de Polícia Montada (EPMONT, CE). Avaliaram-se as frequências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (FR) e a temperatura e, em amostras de sangue coletadas, os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos, nas seguintes etapas: em repouso (D0) e em treinamento, sendo no primeiro dia (D1), três meses após D1, no primeiro dia da fase de rua (D2), 15 (D3) e 30 (D4) dias, após o início da fase de rua. Para cada dia, o animal foi observado e amostras de sangue foram colhidas antes e depois do treinamento. Os resultados foram expressos em média ± erro padrão. Os dados foram analisados ao nível de 5% de significância (p≤0,05). Foram observados aumentos nas FC, FR e temperatura corporal, bem como nos teores de hemácias, hemoglobina, hematócrito, leucócitos totais, uréia, creatinina, aspartato-aminotransferase, lactato-desidrogenase, creatina-quinase, fosfatase alcalina e albumina depois do exercício, quando comparados a antes do treino. Conclui-se que o treinamento de doma em equinos provoca alterações importantes em parâmetros físicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cavalos, demonstrando a necessidade de acompanhamento dos animais.

Horses are animals naturally prepared for high-intensity exercise, especially in physical activities where speed and endurance are important factors. However, few studies have reported the impact of taming training in homeostasis. Thus, it was evaluate the effect of taming training horses in hematological, biochemical and physiological parameters. Horses (n =10) previously selected for the preparatory taming program of mounted police service of Esquadrão de Polícia Montada (EPMONT, CE). Were evaluate heart (HR) and respiratory (RR) rate, temperature (TºC) and in blood samples collected to access hematological and biochemical parameters on the fallow steps: animals on a rest day (D0) and during the training, at first day (D1), three months after D1, the first (D2), 15 (D3) and 30 (D4) days after early phase of the street. For each day, the animals were observed and blood samples were taken before and after training. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error and were analyzed with p≤0.05. The results present increased of HR, RR, T, counts of red blood cells and leukocytes and the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin after exercise when compared to before the exercise. In conclusion, the taming training causes changes in physics, hematological and biochemical parameters of horses, demonstrating to need have follow up during the exercise.