Cutaneous candidiasis caused by antifungal-resistant Candida sp. strain in canine individual / Candidíase cutânea causada por cepa de Candida sp. resistente a antifúngicos em indivíduo canino

The aim of the current report is to describe a cutaneous candidiasis case affecting a canine individual treated at the University Veterinary Hospital of State University of Maranhão (UEMA), in São Luís City. The patient had three-month history of skin diseases; it had been previously subjected to several treatments based on antibiotics, corticosteroids and antifungal drugs that have failed to show clinical improvements. Dermatological assessment has indicated generalized moist dermatitis, intense skin desquamation, alopecia, pruritus and meliceric crusts along the animal's body, mainly in its dorsal region. Complementary tests, such as skin cytology and microscopy, trichogram, qualitative PCR and serology for canine visceral leishmaniasis, as well as fungal culture and antifungigram were requested based on this scenario. Serology recorded inconclusive results for leishmaniasis, whereas PCR recorded negative results in the presence of the agent's DNA. Cytology, microscopy and trichogram results have evidenced fungal infection in the assessed samples. Moreover, mycological culture and antifungigram resulted in the growth of Candida sp. specimens capable of resisting antifungal agents such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and nystatin. The therapy adopted after candidiasis diagnosis confirmation comprised oral doses of manipulated ketoconazole, in combination to topical therapy with shampoo based on moisturizing formulas associated with Miconazole and Chlorhexidine (at 2%), for four weeks. After 30 days, when the adopted therapy was over, the aforementioned animal presented remission of the previously observed lesions and fully improved condition.

The aim of the current report is to describe a cutaneous candidiasis case affecting a canine individual treated at the University Veterinary Hospital of State University of Maranhão (UEMA), in São Luís City. The patient had three-month history of skin diseases; it had been previously subjected to several treatments based on antibiotics, corticosteroids and antifungal drugs that have failed to show clinical improvements. Dermatological assessment has indicated generalized moist dermatitis, intense skin desquamation, alopecia, pruritus and meliceric crusts along the animal's body, mainly in its dorsal region. Complementary tests, such as skin cytology and microscopy, trichogram, qualitative PCR and serology for canine visceral leishmaniasis, as well as fungal culture and antifungigram were requested based on this scenario. Serology recorded inconclusive results for leishmaniasis, whereas PCR recorded negative results in the presence of the agent's DNA. Cytology, microscopy and trichogram results have evidenced fungal infection in the assessed samples. Moreover, mycological culture and antifungigram resulted in the growth of Candida sp. specimens capable of resisting antifungal agents such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and nystatin. The therapy adopted after candidiasis diagnosis confirmation comprised oral doses of manipulated ketoconazole, in combination to topical therapy with shampoo based on moisturizing formulas associated with Miconazole and Chlorhexidine (at 2%), for four weeks. After 30 days, when the adopted therapy was over, the aforementioned animal presented remission of the previously observed lesions and fully improved condition.

Criptococose cutânea invasiva de plano nasal em gata-relato de caso / Invasive cutaneous cryptococcosis of the nasal planum in a cat - a case report / Criptococosis nasal invasiva en gata - reporte de un caso

A criptococose é a micose profunda mais comum em gatos, mas raramente diagnosticada na clínica médica de pequenos animais. O agente infeccioso da doença é o Cryptococcus sp., um fungo oportunista que pode disseminar-se por todo o organismo. Uma gata com aproximadamente dois anos de idade, 3 kg e sem raça definida foi atendida em uma clínica particular na cidade de São Paulo. O exame físico revelou lesões cutâneas piogranulomatosas invasivas, principalmente em plano nasal e no segundo dígito do membro torácico esquerdo. O animal não apresentava sinais neurológicos ou respiratórios. A resposta ao antifúngico nas lesões cutâneas foi favorável, porém o animal não resistiu a uma segunda sedação e veio a óbito vinte e oito dias após início do tratamento. Este relato apresenta um caso atípico de criptococose, devido à inexistência de imunodeficiência.

Cryptococcosis is the most common deep mycosis in cats, despite its rarity in the medical practice of small animals. The infectious agent of the disease is Cryptococcus sp, an opportunistic fungus that can spread throughout the body. An approximately two-year-old mixed breed cat, weighing 3 kg was presented to a private practice in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Physical examination revealed pyogranulomatous skin lesions, mainly on the nasal planum and the second digit of the left thoracic limb. The animal presented no neurological or respiratory signs.The response to antifungal on cutaneous lesions was favorable, but the animal did not resist a second sedation and died within twenty-eight days after starting treatment. This report shows an atypical case of cryptococcosis due to the lack of immunodeficiency.

La criptococosis es la micosis profunda más común en los gatos, aunque es muy raro su diagnóstico en la clínica de pequeños animales. El agente infeccioso de esta enfermedad es el Cryptococcus sp., un hongo oportunista que se puede diseminar por todo el organismo. Una gata mestiza de aproximadamente dos años de edad y 3 kg de peso fue atendida en una clínica particular de la ciudad de São Paulo (Brasil). Durante el examen físico se comprobó la presencia de lesiones cutáneas piogranulomatosas invasivas, principalmente en la región nasal, y también en la segunda falange del miembro anterior izquierdo. El animal no presentaba signos neurológicos o respiratorios. A pesar de que la respuesta al antifúngico en las lesiones cutáneas fue favorable, el paciente no resistió a un segunda sedación y murió 28 días después de iniciado el tratamiento. El presente relato muestra un caso atípico de criptococosis en el que no existía un cuadro previo de inmunodeficiencia.

Criptococose cutânea invasiva de plano nasal em gata-relato de caso / Invasive cutaneous cryptococcosis of the nasal planum in a cat - a case report / Criptococosis nasal invasiva en gata - reporte de un caso

A criptococose é a micose profunda mais comum em gatos, mas raramente diagnosticada na clínica médica de pequenos animais. O agente infeccioso da doença é o Cryptococcus sp., um fungo oportunista que pode disseminar-se por todo o organismo. Uma gata com aproximadamente dois anos de idade, 3 kg e sem raça definida foi atendida em uma clínica particular na cidade de São Paulo. O exame físico revelou lesões cutâneas piogranulomatosas invasivas, principalmente em plano nasal e no segundo dígito do membro torácico esquerdo. O animal não apresentava sinais neurológicos ou respiratórios. A resposta ao antifúngico nas lesões cutâneas foi favorável, porém o animal não resistiu a uma segunda sedação e veio a óbito vinte e oito dias após início do tratamento. Este relato apresenta um caso atípico de criptococose, devido à inexistência de imunodeficiência.(AU)

Cryptococcosis is the most common deep mycosis in cats, despite its rarity in the medical practice of small animals. The infectious agent of the disease is Cryptococcus sp, an opportunistic fungus that can spread throughout the body. An approximately two-year-old mixed breed cat, weighing 3 kg was presented to a private practice in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Physical examination revealed pyogranulomatous skin lesions, mainly on the nasal planum and the second digit of the left thoracic limb. The animal presented no neurological or respiratory signs.The response to antifungal on cutaneous lesions was favorable, but the animal did not resist a second sedation and died within twenty-eight days after starting treatment. This report shows an atypical case of cryptococcosis due to the lack of immunodeficiency.(AU)

La criptococosis es la micosis profunda más común en los gatos, aunque es muy raro su diagnóstico en la clínica de pequeños animales. El agente infeccioso de esta enfermedad es el Cryptococcus sp., un hongo oportunista que se puede diseminar por todo el organismo. Una gata mestiza de aproximadamente dos años de edad y 3 kg de peso fue atendida en una clínica particular de la ciudad de São Paulo (Brasil). Durante el examen físico se comprobó la presencia de lesiones cutáneas piogranulomatosas invasivas, principalmente en la región nasal, y también en la segunda falange del miembro anterior izquierdo. El animal no presentaba signos neurológicos o respiratorios. A pesar de que la respuesta al antifúngico en las lesiones cutáneas fue favorable, el paciente no resistió a un segunda sedación y murió 28 días después de iniciado el tratamiento. El presente relato muestra un caso atípico de criptococosis en el que no existía un cuadro previo de inmunodeficiencia.(AU)

Occurrence of fungi of superficial lesion of dog in the city of São Paulo - Brazil / Ocorrência de fungos em lesões superficiais de cães na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

It is presented the result of a mycological study performed in 212 dogs which showed superficial tesions clinically related to dermatomycosis, during the period of January till December, 1986. Through the direct microscopic examination and cultures isolation from the specimens, there were identified the following etiologic agents: Malassezia pachydermatis (49,5%); Microsporum canis (30,0%); M. gypseum (4,7%); Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0,9%). Several different genera were identified in low frequencies as follows: Candida; Trichosporon; Torulopsis; Geotrichum; Cephalosporium; ScopuI ariopsis and a dematiaceous fungi. The highest frequency of dermatomycosis occurred in the group of dogs which had less than 11 months old.

Foram estudados 212 casos de cães com suspeita clinica de dermatomicose, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 1986. Deste total investigado, foram diagnosticados, através de exame microscópico direto e cultivo, 107 casos de dermatomicoses (50,5%). Malassezia pachydermatis foi o agente predominante (43,5%) seguido dos dermatófitos Microsporum canis (30,0%), M. Gypseum (4,7%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0,9%). Outros fungos como Candida sp, Trichosporon sp, Torulopsis sp, Geotrichum sp, Cephalosporium sp, Scopularopsis sp e fungos dematáceos foram isolados, sendo discutível sua participação na etiologia primária das lesões. De acordo com a faixa etária, a maior prevalência ocorreu no grupo de até 11 meses e com referência ao sexo, não houve predominância significativa.