Hiperplasia endometrial cística em uma coelha-doméstica (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) / Cystic endometrial hyperplasia in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus)

Background: Cystic endometrial hyperplasia is a hormone-dependent disease induced by systemic increase in progesteronethat can occur in several domestic species, such as the rabbit. This disease may be associated with sex steroid hormones,especially progesterone, and may be asymptomatic, and it is diagnosed using complementary imaging tests such as totalabdominal ultrasound. However, surgical excisional biopsy with histopathological tissue analysis is the gold standard. Thisstudy reports a case of asymptomatic cystic endometrial hyperplasia in a female Miniature Lion Lop rabbit (Oryctolaguscuniculus domesticus) treated with therapeutic ovariohysterectomy.Case: A domestic, adult, female Miniature Lion Lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus), aged approximately 5 yearsand weighing 3.2 kg, was referred to specialized care to undergo ovariohysterectomy, an elective procedure. The tutor onlyreported the occurrence of a single episode of vulvar secretion more than 2 years ago, treated with antibiotics, with remissionof clinical signs. In the intraoperative period after celiotomy, the uterine horn and uterine body showed a significant increasein volume, with abnormal color changes and tissue consistency; however, both changes were clinically asymptomatic. Subsequently, biopsy was performed during the ovariohysterectomy procedure. The excised uterus and ovaries were placed in 10%formalin and histopathologically analyzed. The macroscopic histopathological examination of the sectioned tissue revealed aslight amount of brownish fluid inside the uterine horns, in addition to multiple cystic areas in the uterine mucosa. Microscopicexamination revealed marked hyperplasia of well-differentiated endometrial epithelial cells, occasionally forming cystic structuresof different sizes. Moderate congestion, mild multifocal hemorrhage, and mild multifocal inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina...

Spondias mombin L. decoction utilization as antiseptic in cats submitted to castration / Uso de decocto de Spondias mombin L. como antisséptico em felinos submetidos à castração

This survey evaluated mombin leaves (Spondias mombin L.) decoction efficiency as an antiseptic during post-surgery period on cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy. For this purpose, 45 castrated mongrels cats were divided into three groups, the first group as a positive control using 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol solution, the second a negative control group using sterile distilled water and, finally, the test group using mombin leaves decocted with a concentration of 100 mg/mL. All animals, independent of age and sex, had visibly healed in most cases in a similar time. Animals treated with mombin leaves decoction presented a significant reduction of bacterial growth. In addition, the animals treated in the test group had better surgical wound healing. All isolated bacterial strains presented inhibition halo for chlorhexidine and for Spondias mombin L. Thus, the decoction of Spondias mombin L. leaves proved antiseptic efficacy in the surgical wounds of cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy.(AU)

Foi avaliada a eficiência do decocto das folhas de cajá (Spondias mombin L.) como antisséptico no pós-cirúrgico de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia. Para tal, foram submetidos à castração 45 gatos sem raça definida, divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo como controle positivo com Solução Alcoólica de Clorexidine a 0,5%; segundo grupo controle negativo com água destilada estéril; e o grupo teste com o decocto de cajá à concentração de 100 mg/mL. Todos os animais, independentemente da idade e sexo, tiveram cicatrização visível em tempo similar. Animais tratados com o decocto apresentaram uma redução significativa do crescimento bacteriano. Além disso, observou-se uma melhor cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas dos animais tratados no grupo teste. Todas as estirpes bacterianas isoladas apresentaram halo de inibição para clorexidine e para Spondias mombin L. Portanto, o decocto das folhas da Spondias mombin L. apresentou eficácia antisséptica nas feridas cirúrgicas de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia.(AU)

Spondias mombin L. decoction utilization as antiseptic in cats submitted to castration / Uso de decocto de Spondias mombin L. como antisséptico em felinos submetidos à castração

This survey evaluated mombin leaves (Spondias mombin L.) decoction efficiency as an antiseptic during post-surgery period on cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy. For this purpose, 45 castrated mongrels cats were divided into three groups, the first group as a positive control using 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol solution, the second a negative control group using sterile distilled water and, finally, the test group using mombin leaves decocted with a concentration of 100 mg/mL. All animals, independent of age and sex, had visibly healed in most cases in a similar time. Animals treated with mombin leaves decoction presented a significant reduction of bacterial growth. In addition, the animals treated in the test group had better surgical wound healing. All isolated bacterial strains presented inhibition halo for chlorhexidine and for Spondias mombin L. Thus, the decoction of Spondias mombin L. leaves proved antiseptic efficacy in the surgical wounds of cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy.(AU)

Foi avaliada a eficiência do decocto das folhas de cajá (Spondias mombin L.) como antisséptico no pós-cirúrgico de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia. Para tal, foram submetidos à castração 45 gatos sem raça definida, divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo como controle positivo com Solução Alcoólica de Clorexidine a 0,5%; segundo grupo controle negativo com água destilada estéril; e o grupo teste com o decocto de cajá à concentração de 100 mg/mL. Todos os animais, independentemente da idade e sexo, tiveram cicatrização visível em tempo similar. Animais tratados com o decocto apresentaram uma redução significativa do crescimento bacteriano. Além disso, observou-se uma melhor cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas dos animais tratados no grupo teste. Todas as estirpes bacterianas isoladas apresentaram halo de inibição para clorexidine e para Spondias mombin L. Portanto, o decocto das folhas da Spondias mombin L. apresentou eficácia antisséptica nas feridas cirúrgicas de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia.(AU)

Spondias mombin L. decoction utilization as antiseptic in cats submitted to castration / Uso de decocto de Spondias mombin L. como antisséptico em felinos submetidos à castração

This survey evaluated mombin leaves (Spondias mombin L.) decoction efficiency as an antiseptic during post-surgery period on cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy. For this purpose, 45 castrated mongrels cats were divided into three groups, the first group as a positive control using 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol solution, the second a negative control group using sterile distilled water and, finally, the test group using mombin leaves decocted with a concentration of 100 mg/mL. All animals, independent of age and sex, had visibly healed in most cases in a similar time. Animals treated with mombin leaves decoction presented a significant reduction of bacterial growth. In addition, the animals treated in the test group had better surgical wound healing. All isolated bacterial strains presented inhibition halo for chlorhexidine and for Spondias mombin L. Thus, the decoction of Spondias mombin L. leaves proved antiseptic efficacy in the surgical wounds of cats submitted to orchiectomy and ovariosalpingohisterectomy.

Foi avaliada a eficiência do decocto das folhas de cajá (Spondias mombin L.) como antisséptico no pós-cirúrgico de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia. Para tal, foram submetidos à castração 45 gatos sem raça definida, divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo como controle positivo com Solução Alcoólica de Clorexidine a 0,5%; segundo grupo controle negativo com água destilada estéril; e o grupo teste com o decocto de cajá à concentração de 100 mg/mL. Todos os animais, independentemente da idade e sexo, tiveram cicatrização visível em tempo similar. Animais tratados com o decocto apresentaram uma redução significativa do crescimento bacteriano. Além disso, observou-se uma melhor cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas dos animais tratados no grupo teste. Todas as estirpes bacterianas isoladas apresentaram halo de inibição para clorexidine e para Spondias mombin L. Portanto, o decocto das folhas da Spondias mombin L. apresentou eficácia antisséptica nas feridas cirúrgicas de gatos submetidos à orquiectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia.

Agenesia ovariana unilateral em gata - relato de caso / Unilateral ovarian agenesis in cat: case report / Agenesia ovárica unilateral en gata - relato de caso

Anomalias reprodutivas em fêmeas domésticas são de rara ocorrência e caracterizam-se na grande maioria dos casos pela ausência de sintomatologia clínica que possa ser percebida pelos proprietários, dessa maneira o diagnóstico ocorre muitas vezes de forma incidental durante OSH, necropsia ou celiotomia exploratória. Este artigo descreve o achado incidental de agenesia ovariana unilateral direita em gata SRD submetida a OSH em programa de castração solidária. Na ocasião, não foram realizados exames complementares pré-cirúrgicos, estando a avaliação do animal restrita apenas a exame físico geral e palpação abdominal. A abordagem foi realizada por meio de acesso mediano ventral. Após a exposição do corno uterino esquerdo foi constatada inexistência do ovário esquerdo, que foi confirmada mediante palpação cranial do complexo arteriovenoso ovariano (CAVO) até a superfície renal. Não houve dificuldades na realização das manobras de hemostasia, no entanto, a ausência de exames de imagem pode aumentar o risco cirúrgico, sobretudo para profissionais ou estudantes inexperientes. Apesar de ser uma condição de simples resolução cirúrgica, deve-se evitar demasiada e brusca tração do CAVO devido ao risco de complicações decorrentes de sua ruptura.

Reproductive anomalies in domestic cats are uncommonand in most cases, they are characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms that can be perceived by the owners, this way the diagnosis often occurs incidentally during OSH, necropsy or exploratory celiotomy. This article describes the incidental finding of right unilateral ovarian agenesis in a female cat submitted to OSH in a solidarity castration program. At the time, no pre-surgical complementary exams were performed, the evaluation of the animal is restricted to general physical examination and abdominal palpation. The approach was performed through the ventral median approach. After exposure of the left uterine horn there was no left ovary, confirmed by cranial palpation of the ovarian arteriovenous complex (OAVC) to the surface kidney. No difficulties were found in performing hemostasis maneuvers, however, the absence of imaging may increase the surgical risk, especially for inexperienced professionals or students. Despite being a condition of simple surgical resolution, excessive and sudden traction should be avoided OAVC due to the risk of complications arising from its rupture.

Las anomalías reproductivas en las hembras domésticas son de rara ocurrencia y se caracterizan en la gran mayoría de los casos por la ausencia de sintomatología clínica que pueden ser percibidas por los propietarios, así como la forma de descubrir muchas veces de forma incidental durante la OSH, necropsia o celiotomía exploratoria. Este artículo describe el trabajo incidental de agenesia ovárica unilateral en una gata SRD sometido a OSH en programa de castración solidaria. En la ocasión, se mantuvieron las pruebas pre quirúrgicas, con la evaluación del animal restringido sólo un examen físico general y palpación abdominal. El abordaje fue realizado por medio de acceso mediano ventral. Después de la exposición del cuerno uterino continental inexistente inexplicablemente, lo que es confirmado por invasión craneal del complejo arteriovenoso ovariano (CAVO) hasta una superficie renal. El intento de intentar aumentar la capacidad de hemostasia, sin embargo, la ausencia de exámenes de imagen puede aumentar el riesgo quirúrgico, sobre todo para los individuos o para los inexpertos. A pesar de ser una condición de simple resolución, es necesario que la tracción del CAVOS ocurra debido al riesgo de complicaciones resultantes de su ruptura.

Agenesia ovariana unilateral em gata - relato de caso / Unilateral ovarian agenesis in cat: case report / Agenesia ovárica unilateral en gata - relato de caso

Anomalias reprodutivas em fêmeas domésticas são de rara ocorrência e caracterizam-se na grande maioria dos casos pela ausência de sintomatologia clínica que possa ser percebida pelos proprietários, dessa maneira o diagnóstico ocorre muitas vezes de forma incidental durante OSH, necropsia ou celiotomia exploratória. Este artigo descreve o achado incidental de agenesia ovariana unilateral direita em gata SRD submetida a OSH em programa de castração solidária. Na ocasião, não foram realizados exames complementares pré-cirúrgicos, estando a avaliação do animal restrita apenas a exame físico geral e palpação abdominal. A abordagem foi realizada por meio de acesso mediano ventral. Após a exposição do corno uterino esquerdo foi constatada inexistência do ovário esquerdo, que foi confirmada mediante palpação cranial do complexo arteriovenoso ovariano (CAVO) até a superfície renal. Não houve dificuldades na realização das manobras de hemostasia, no entanto, a ausência de exames de imagem pode aumentar o risco cirúrgico, sobretudo para profissionais ou estudantes inexperientes. Apesar de ser uma condição de simples resolução cirúrgica, deve-se evitar demasiada e brusca tração do CAVO devido ao risco de complicações decorrentes de sua ruptura.(AU)

Reproductive anomalies in domestic cats are uncommonand in most cases, they are characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms that can be perceived by the owners, this way the diagnosis often occurs incidentally during OSH, necropsy or exploratory celiotomy. This article describes the incidental finding of right unilateral ovarian agenesis in a female cat submitted to OSH in a solidarity castration program. At the time, no pre-surgical complementary exams were performed, the evaluation of the animal is restricted to general physical examination and abdominal palpation. The approach was performed through the ventral median approach. After exposure of the left uterine horn there was no left ovary, confirmed by cranial palpation of the ovarian arteriovenous complex (OAVC) to the surface kidney. No difficulties were found in performing hemostasis maneuvers, however, the absence of imaging may increase the surgical risk, especially for inexperienced professionals or students. Despite being a condition of simple surgical resolution, excessive and sudden traction should be avoided OAVC due to the risk of complications arising from its rupture.(AU)

Las anomalías reproductivas en las hembras domésticas son de rara ocurrencia y se caracterizan en la gran mayoría de los casos por la ausencia de sintomatología clínica que pueden ser percibidas por los propietarios, así como la forma de descubrir muchas veces de forma incidental durante la OSH, necropsia o celiotomía exploratoria. Este artículo describe el trabajo incidental de agenesia ovárica unilateral en una gata SRD sometido a OSH en programa de castración solidaria. En la ocasión, se mantuvieron las pruebas pre quirúrgicas, con la evaluación del animal restringido sólo un examen físico general y palpación abdominal. El abordaje fue realizado por medio de acceso mediano ventral. Después de la exposición del cuerno uterino continental inexistente inexplicablemente, lo que es confirmado por invasión craneal del complejo arteriovenoso ovariano (CAVO) hasta una superficie renal. El intento de intentar aumentar la capacidad de hemostasia, sin embargo, la ausencia de exámenes de imagen puede aumentar el riesgo quirúrgico, sobre todo para los individuos o para los inexpertos. A pesar de ser una condición de simple resolución, es necesario que la tracción del CAVOS ocurra debido al riesgo de complicaciones resultantes de su ruptura.(AU)

Surgical casuistic in dogs at a Veterinary Hospital - Piauí State Federal University / Casuística cirúrgica em cães de um Hospital Veterinário - Universidade Federal do Piauí

The objective of this report was to record surgical procedures performed in 241 dogs in a teaching veterinary hospital. There were 40 elective surgical procedures (16.6%) and 201 therapeutic surgical procedures (83.4%). The most frequent procedure was ovariohysterectomy (OH), 65% (26/40) and 24.38% (49/201), respectively, for elective and therapeutic surgical procedures. Among therapeutic surgical procedures were registered fracture reduction (16.91%, 34/201), mastectomies (13.93%, 28/201), drainage of the otohematoma (12.94%; 26/201) and ophthalmic surgical procedures (5.47%, 11/201). The high percentage of therapeutic surgical procedures conducted demonstrates the complexity of the cases attended daily in a teaching veterinary hospital.(AU)

O presente relato tem o objetivo de registrar procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados em 241 cães em um Hospital Veterinário Universitário. Foram realizados 40 procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos (16,6%) e 201 procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos (83,4%). Em ambos os casos, o procedimento mais frequente foi ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH), 65% (26/40) e 24,38% (49/201) respectivamente para procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos e terapêuticos. Entre os procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos foram registradas redução de fraturas (16,91%; 34/201), mastectomias (13,93%; 28/201), drenagem de otohematomas (12,94%; 26/201) e procedimentos cirúrgicos oftálmicos (5,47%; 11/201). A alta porcentagem de procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos demonstra a complexidade dos casos atendidos diariamente em um Hospital Escola.(AU)

Surgical casuistic in dogs at a Veterinary Hospital - Piauí State Federal University / Casuística cirúrgica em cães de um Hospital Veterinário - Universidade Federal do Piauí

The objective of this report was to record surgical procedures performed in 241 dogs in a teaching veterinary hospital. There were 40 elective surgical procedures (16.6%) and 201 therapeutic surgical procedures (83.4%). The most frequent procedure was ovariohysterectomy (OH), 65% (26/40) and 24.38% (49/201), respectively, for elective and therapeutic surgical procedures. Among therapeutic surgical procedures were registered fracture reduction (16.91%, 34/201), mastectomies (13.93%, 28/201), drainage of the otohematoma (12.94%; 26/201) and ophthalmic surgical procedures (5.47%, 11/201). The high percentage of therapeutic surgical procedures conducted demonstrates the complexity of the cases attended daily in a teaching veterinary hospital.(AU)

O presente relato tem o objetivo de registrar procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados em 241 cães em um Hospital Veterinário Universitário. Foram realizados 40 procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos (16,6%) e 201 procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos (83,4%). Em ambos os casos, o procedimento mais frequente foi ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH), 65% (26/40) e 24,38% (49/201) respectivamente para procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos e terapêuticos. Entre os procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos foram registradas redução de fraturas (16,91%; 34/201), mastectomias (13,93%; 28/201), drenagem de otohematomas (12,94%; 26/201) e procedimentos cirúrgicos oftálmicos (5,47%; 11/201). A alta porcentagem de procedimentos cirúrgicos terapêuticos demonstra a complexidade dos casos atendidos diariamente em um Hospital Escola.(AU)

Efeitos do banho prévio, da tricotomia e da antissepsia na redução da contaminação do sítio cirúrgico em cadelas submetidas à OSH eletiva / Effects of the previous bath, trichotomy and antisepsis in reducing contamination of the surgical site in bitches undergoing elective OSH

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influencia do banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico e da tricotomia pré-operatória na redução da contagem microbiana da pele do campo operatório, bem como a eficiência antisséptica do gluconato de clorexidina 0,5% e da polivinilpirrolidona iodada 10% para antissepsia do sítio cirúrgico, verificando sua ação 4 minutos e 2 horas após aplicação. Utilizaram-se 20 cadelas hígidas, alocadas ao acaso em 2 grupos de 10 animais: os animais do Grupo I foram submetidos ao banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico, enquanto os do Grupo II não passaram por este procedimento. Foram isolados diversos gêneros bacterianos antes e após o uso dos antissépticos. Significância estatística foi verificada entre os grupos quanto ao efeito do banho prévio à cirurgia, apenas 2 horas após a aplicação de clorexidina. A tricotomia reduziu 26,48% da carga microbiana nos animais do Grupo I e elevou a carga microbiana em 41,19% nos animais do Grupo II, revelando diferença estatística. Após o uso dos antissépticos, não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos em nenhum momento. Do mesmo modo, a comparação da eficiência dos antissépticos com ou sem banho, não revelou significância estatística. A polivinilpirrolidona iodada causou reação alérgica em 15% dos animais e não foi observada irritação cutânea causada pela clorexidina. Conclui-se que o banho prévio tem efeito na redução da carga bacteriana apenas após 2 horas de antissepsia com clorexidina; a tricotomia é mais eficaz na redução microbiana quando o animal é submetido ao banho e os dois antissépticos são igualmente eficazes na antissepsia cirúrgica por até 2 horas quer o animal tome banho ou não previamente à cirurgia.(AU)

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of bath 24 hours before surgery and preoperative shaving in reducing microbial count of the operating field skin and antiseptic efficiency of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate and 10% iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone for antisepsis of the surgical site, by checking its action 4 minutes and 2 hours after application. We used 20 healthy bitches, randomly allocated into 2 groups of 10 animals: Group I underwent bath 24 hours before surgery, whereas Group II did not undergo this procedure. Many bacterial genera have been isolated before and after use of antiseptics. Statistical significance was observed between the groups regarding the effect of bath prior to surgery, just two hours after application of chlorhexidine. Shaving reduced 26.48% of the microbial load in Group I and increased the microbial load in 41.19% in Group II, showing statistical difference. After the use of antiseptics, there was no statistical difference between the groups at any time. Similarly, comparison of the efficiency of the bath with or without antiseptic showed no statistical significance. The iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone caused allergic reaction in 15% of animals and was not observed skin irritation caused by chlorhexidine. We conclude that the prior bath is effective in reducing bacterial load just after 2 hours of antisepsis with chlorhexidine; shaving is more effective in reducing microbial when the animal is subjected to the bath and the two antiseptic agents are equally effective in surgical antisepsis or for up to 2 hours the animal did not take a bath or prior to surgery.(AU)

Efeitos do banho prévio, da tricotomia e da antissepsia na redução da contaminação do sítio cirúrgico em cadelas submetidas à OSH eletiva / Effects of the previous bath, trichotomy and antisepsis in reducing contamination of the surgical site in bitches undergoing elective OSH

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influencia do banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico e da tricotomia pré-operatória na redução da contagem microbiana da pele do campo operatório, bem como a eficiência antisséptica do gluconato de clorexidina 0,5% e da polivinilpirrolidona iodada 10% para antissepsia do sítio cirúrgico, verificando sua ação 4 minutos e 2 horas após aplicação. Utilizaram-se 20 cadelas hígidas, alocadas ao acaso em 2 grupos de 10 animais: os animais do Grupo I foram submetidos ao banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico, enquanto os do Grupo II não passaram por este procedimento. Foram isolados diversos gêneros bacterianos antes e após o uso dos antissépticos. Significância estatística foi verificada entre os grupos quanto ao efeito do banho prévio à cirurgia, apenas 2 horas após a aplicação de clorexidina. A tricotomia reduziu 26,48% da carga microbiana nos animais do Grupo I e elevou a carga microbiana em 41,19% nos animais do Grupo II, revelando diferença estatística. Após o uso dos antissépticos, não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos em nenhum momento. Do mesmo modo, a comparação da eficiência dos antissépticos com ou sem banho, não revelou significância estatística. A polivinilpirrolidona iodada causou reação alérgica em 15% dos animais e não foi observada irritação cutânea causada pela clorexidina. Conclui-se que o banho prévio tem efeito na redução da carga bacteriana apenas após 2 horas de antissepsia com clorexidina; a tricotomia é mais eficaz na redução microbiana quando o animal é submetido ao banho e os dois antissépticos são igualmente eficazes na antissepsia cirúrgica por até 2 horas quer o animal tome banho ou não previamente à cirurgia.(AU)

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of bath 24 hours before surgery and preoperative shaving in reducing microbial count of the operating field skin and antiseptic efficiency of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate and 10% iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone for antisepsis of the surgical site, by checking its action 4 minutes and 2 hours after application. We used 20 healthy bitches, randomly allocated into 2 groups of 10 animals: Group I underwent bath 24 hours before surgery, whereas Group II did not undergo this procedure. Many bacterial genera have been isolated before and after use of antiseptics. Statistical significance was observed between the groups regarding the effect of bath prior to surgery, just two hours after application of chlorhexidine. Shaving reduced 26.48% of the microbial load in Group I and increased the microbial load in 41.19% in Group II, showing statistical difference. After the use of antiseptics, there was no statistical difference between the groups at any time. Similarly, comparison of the efficiency of the bath with or without antiseptic showed no statistical significance. The iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone caused allergic reaction in 15% of animals and was not observed skin irritation caused by chlorhexidine. We conclude that the prior bath is effective in reducing bacterial load just after 2 hours of antisepsis with chlorhexidine; shaving is more effective in reducing microbial when the animal is subjected to the bath and the two antiseptic agents are equally effective in surgical antisepsis or for up to 2 hours the animal did not take a bath or prior to surgery.(AU)

Comparison of morphine, ketoprofen and Arnica montana 6x and 30x per oral transmucosal or subcutaneous route for control of postoperative pain in cats subjected to hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

ABSTRACT: The postoperative analgesic effect of Arnica montana (Arnica) was compared to morphine and ketoprofen in 50 cats following hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (HSO). Cats were randomly allocated to five groups (n=10) and were treated 30 minutes before surgery and over 72 hours with 1ml of Arnica 30x per subcutaneous (SC) route (GA30SC); Arnica 30x per oral transmucosal route (P.O.) (GA30PO); Arnica 6x P.O. (GA6PO); morphine 0.1mg kg-1 SC (GM) SID or ketoprofen 2mg kg-1 SC (GK) before and 1mg kg-1 after surgery. Sedation and postoperative pain were assessed by means of a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) and variable count scale (VCS) and hyperalgesia using an esthesiometer. Whenever the VAS and VCS scores attained 33% of the maximum value, rescue analgesia was performed with morphine 0.3mg kg-1 per the intramuscular (IM) route. Other variables assessed were vomiting, defecation, urination, body weight and wound healing. Vomiting only occurred in animals treated with morphine. The groups did not differ in defecation, urination, body weight or wound healing. Hyperalgesia was detected only on the occasions that the criterion for rescue analgesia was met. One animal in GK and one in GM required rescue analgesia, differing from groups GA30SC, GA30PO and GA6PO, in which 4, 4 and 5 animals, respectively, required rescue analgesia. It can be concluded that ketoprofen and morphine were more efficacious than Arnica and that there was no difference among the various potencies and routes of administration of Arnica for postoperative analgesia in cats undergoing HSO.

RESUMO: Comparou-se o efeito analgésico de Arnica em relação à morfina ou cetoprofeno, no período pós-operatório, de 50 gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH). As gatas foram divididas em cinco grupos (n=10) e tratadas aleatoriamente 30 minutos antes da cirurgia por 72 horas com 1ml de Arnica 30D por via subcutânea (SC) (GA30SC); Arnica 30D por via oral (VO) (GA30VO); Arnica 6D VO (GA6VO); 0,1mg kg-1 de morfina SC (GM) TID ou 2mg kg-1 de cetoprofeno SC (GC) antes e 1mg kg-1 após a cirurgia SID. Foram avaliadas a sedação e a dor pós-operatória, por meio de escala analógica visual (EAV), escala de contagem variável (ECV) e hiperalgesia, esta última pelo estesiômetro. Quando os escores da ECV e EAV atingiram 33% do valor máximo, realizou-se resgate analgésico com 0,3mg kg-1 de morfina por via intramuscular (IM). Observou-se ocorrência de vômito, defecação, micção, alteração de peso e a cicatrização. Exceto nos animais tratados com morfina, não houve vômito. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para defecação, micção, peso e cicatrização. A hiperalgesia foi observada apenas nos momentos do resgate analgésico. Um animal de GC e um de GM receberam resgate analgésico, o que diferiu dos grupos GA30SC, GA30VO e GA6VO, onde, respectivamente, 4, 4 e 5 animais necessitaram resgate analgésico. Conclui-se que o cetoprofeno e a morfina foram mais eficazes que a Arnica e que, quanto à Arnica, não houve diferença nem entre as dinamizações e entre as vias SC e oral para analgesia de gatas submetidas à OSH.

Comparison of morphine, ketoprofen and Arnica montana 6x and 30x per oral transmucosal or subcutaneous route for control of postoperative pain in cats subjected to hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy / Comparação de morfina, cetoprofeno e Arnica montana 6x e 30x por via transmucosa oral ou subcutânea para control e de dor pós-operatória em gatas submetidas à histerectomia e ooforectomia bilateral

The postoperative analgesic effect of Arnica montana (Arnica) was compared to morphine and ketoprofen in 50 cats following hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (HSO). Cats were randomly allocated to five groups (n=10) and were treated 30 minutes before surgery and over 72 hours with 1ml of Arnica 30x per subcutaneous (SC) route (GA30SC); Arnica 30x per oral transmucosal route (P.O.) (GA30PO); Arnica 6x P.O. (GA6PO); morphine 0.1mg kg-1 SC (GM) SID or ketoprofen 2mg kg-1 SC (GK) before and 1mg kg-1 after surgery. Sedation and postoperative pain were assessed by means of a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) and variable count scale (VCS) and hyperalgesia using an esthesiometer. Whenever the VAS and VCS scores attained 33% of the maximum value, rescue analgesia was performed with morphine 0.3mg kg-1 per the intramuscular (IM) route. Other variables assessed were vomiting, defecation, urination, body weight and wound healing. Vomiting only occurred in animals treated with morphine. The groups did not differ in defecation, urination, body weight or wound healing. Hyperalgesia was detected only on the occasions that the criterion for rescue analgesia was met. One animal in GK and one in GM required rescue analgesia, differing from groups GA30SC, GA30PO and GA6PO, in which 4, 4 and 5 animals, respectively, required rescue analgesia. It can be concluded (AU)

Comparou-se o efeito analgésico de Arnica em relação à morfina ou cetoprofeno, no período pós-operatório, de 50 gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH). As gatas foram divididas em cinco grupos (n=10) e tratadas aleatoriamente 30 minutos antes da cirurgia por 72 horas com 1ml de Arnica 30D por via subcutânea (SC) (GA30SC); Arnica 30D por via oral (VO) (GA30VO); Arnica 6D VO (GA6VO); 0,1mg kg-1 de morfina SC (GM) TID ou 2mg kg-1 de cetoprofeno SC (GC) antes e 1mg kg-1 após a cirurgia SID. Foram avaliadas a sedação e a dor pós-operatória, por meio de escala analógica visual (EAV), escala de contagem variável (ECV) e hiperalgesia, esta última pelo estesiômetro. Quando os escores da ECV e EAV atingiram 33% do valor máximo, realizou-se resgate analgésico com 0,3mg kg-1 de morfina por via intramuscular (IM). Observou-se ocorrência de vômito, defecação, micção, alteração de peso e a cicatrização. Exceto nos animais tratados com morfina, não houve vômito. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para defecação, micção, peso e cicatrização. A hiperalgesia foi observada apenas nos momentos do resgate analgésico. Um animal de GC e um de GM receberam resgate analgésico, o que diferiu dos grupos GA30SC, GA30VO e GA6VO, onde, respectivamente, 4, 4 e 5 animais necessitaram resgate analgésico. Conclui-se que o cetoprofeno e a morfina foram mais eficazes que a Arnica e que, quanto à Ar(AU)

Ovariohisterectomia videolaparoscópica em cadela com ovários remanescentes e piometra de cornos uterinos / Videolaparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in a bitch with ovarian remnant and uterine horns pyometra

Background: The ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) is the treatment of choice for the remaining ovary syndrome and canine pyometra, which can be performed by conventional or laparoscopic approach. In recent years, have developed new techniques for laparoscopic treatment of uterine and ovarian diseases in dogs. However, there are few reports of laparoscopic OSH for treatment of ovarian remnant syndrome and stump pyometra. Thus, the present report aims to describe the use of laparoscopy for the treatment of pyometra uterine horns and ovaries in a bitch remaining. Case: A bitch, mixed breed, with two years of age, was answered with a history of heat after being submitted to OSH was five months. Against clinical and ultrasonographic findings, the diagnosis was the remaining ovary syndrome pyometra and uterine horns, the animal being referred for laparoscopic surgery to remove the remaining uterine and ovarian tissue. After placing two laparoscopic portals, the animal was placed in right lateral recumbency. After the seizure of the ovarian ligament itself with the Kelly forceps, was held dual temporary transparietal suture for better exposure of the left arteriovenous ovarian complex. Was continued with bipolar cautery and Metzenbaum scissors with section. The animal was repositioned in the left lateral decubitus position, and the procedure was repeated on the right ovarian...(AU)

Ovariohisterectomia videolaparoscópica em cadela com ovários remanescentes e piometra de cornos uterinos / Videolaparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in a bitch with ovarian remnant and uterine horns pyometra

Background: The ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) is the treatment of choice for the remaining ovary syndrome and canine pyometra, which can be performed by conventional or laparoscopic approach. In recent years, have developed new techniques for laparoscopic treatment of uterine and ovarian diseases in dogs. However, there are few reports of laparoscopic OSH for treatment of ovarian remnant syndrome and stump pyometra. Thus, the present report aims to describe the use of laparoscopy for the treatment of pyometra uterine horns and ovaries in a bitch remaining. Case: A bitch, mixed breed, with two years of age, was answered with a history of heat after being submitted to OSH was five months. Against clinical and ultrasonographic findings, the diagnosis was the remaining ovary syndrome pyometra and uterine horns, the animal being referred for laparoscopic surgery to remove the remaining uterine and ovarian tissue. After placing two laparoscopic portals, the animal was placed in right lateral recumbency. After the seizure of the ovarian ligament itself with the Kelly forceps, was held dual temporary transparietal suture for better exposure of the left arteriovenous ovarian complex. Was continued with bipolar cautery and Metzenbaum scissors with section. The animal was repositioned in the left lateral decubitus position, and the procedure was repeated on the right ovarian...

Ocorrência de incontinência urinária em cadelas castradas no Hospital Veterinário da universidade Anhmebi-Morumbi, São Paulo, Brasil / Occurrence of urinary incontinence in spayed bitches at the Veterinary Hospital of the Anhembi-Morumbi University, São Paulo, Brazil

Incontinência urinária (IU) pode ocorrer após castração de cadelas, quando há diminuição nos níveis circulantes de hormônios esteroides e aumento nos de gonadotrofinas, além de alteração funcional no esfíncter uretral. Para determi- nar a ocorrência da IU em cadelas castradas no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Anhembi-Morumbi, os prontuá- rios de cadelas esterilizadas no período 2002-2009 foram analisados de agosto de 2010 a março de 2011. Foi feito conta- to telefônico com os proprietários para investigar um possível desenvolvimento de IU após a castração. Nesse período, foram contatados osproprietários de 227 cadelas. Destas, 73 (32,2%) vieram a óbito sem sintoma de IU pós-castração, 146 (64,3%) não apresentaram IU e oito (3,5%) desenvolveram IU no período de 3,8 ± 1,6 anos após castração.(AU)

Urinary incontinence (UI) can occur in bitches after spaying due to a functional alteration in the urethral sphincter. which may be caused by a number of different causes among which a decrease in the blood levels of steroidal hormones or an increase in gonadotropin in order to determine the occurrence of UI in spayed bitches at the Veterinary Hospital, University Anhembi-Morumbi, the medical records of spayed bitches in the period 2002-2009 were examined from August 2010 to March 2011. The owners of 227 bitches were contacted by telephone to search for development of UI after spaying. Of these, 73 (32.2%) died with no symptom of UI, 146 (64.3%) did not develop UI, and eight (3.5%) de- veloped UI in the period of 3.8 ± 1.6 years after castration.(AU)

Complications associated with ovariohysterectomy using nylon tie-rap as an hemostatic method / Complicações associadas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia eletiva realizada com abraçadeira de náilon como método de hemostasia

Cases: 1- An eleven-month-old bitch was admitted at the HV-UPF nine days after OVH performed elsewhere, with omentum evisceration due to suture dehiscence. During emergency surgery both ovaries were found surrounded by nylon tie-raps and fi brous tissue adherence. Peritonitis signs were recognizable. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and the remaining uterus was removed. 2- A five-years-old bitch was referred to the HV-UPF ten days after OVH performed elsewhere, with apathy and suture dehiscence. Free liquid was identified around the bladder and kidneys using the ultrasound exam. Intense hemorrhage from uterine vessels was found during celiotomy. A nylon tie-rap was found loose on the abdominal cavity and another couple were found at both ovaries surrounded by fibrous tissue adherence. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and a blood transfusion was necessary. 3- A three-years-old bitch was admitted at the HCV-UFRGS six days after OVH performed at another institution, presenting suture dehiscence and evisceration. During emergency surgery, bladder, intestine and musculature necrosis due to the contact with sharp edged nylon tie-raps (prior placed as hemostatic devices), intense fibrous tissue adherence and peritonitis were identified. 4- A two-years-old bitch was referred to the HCV-UFRGS one year after OVH performed elsewhere, with a four-month p

Background: Routine neutering of bitches is typically carried out by ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in Veterinary Medicine, seen by many as a simple procedure. During the conventional approach the points of attachment of the uterus and ovaries are double ligated with absorbable or non-absorbable sutures or even with titanium clamps. It has been described the use of non-surgical polyamide tie-raps as a hemostatic closure method by some authors but there are few papers describing the consequenses of such use. The aim of this study is to report four cases of surgical complications associated with nylon tie-raps use on OVHs on bitches referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospitals of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) and Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), both at the State of Rio Grande do Sul.Cases: 1- An eleven-month-old bitch was admitted at the HV-UPF nine days after OVH performed elsewhere, with omentum evisceration due to suture dehiscence. During emergency surgery both ovaries were found surrounded by nylon tie-raps and fi brous tissue adherence. Peritonitis signs were recognizable. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and the remaining uterus was removed. 2- A fi ve-years-old bitch was referred to the HV-UPF ten days after OVH performed elsewhere, with apathy and suture dehiscence. Free liquid was identifi ed around the bladder and kidneys using t

Complicações associadas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia eletiva realizada com abraçadeira de náilon como método de hemostasia / Complications associated with ovariohysterectomy using nylon tie-rap as an hemostatic method

Background: Routine neutering of bitches is typically carried out by ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in Veterinary Medicine, seen by many as a simple procedure. During the conventional approach the points of attachment of the uterus and ovaries are double ligated with absorbable or non-absorbable sutures or even with titanium clamps. It has been described the use of non-surgical polyamide tie-raps as a hemostatic closure method by some authors but there are few papers describing the consequenses of such use. The aim of this study is to report four cases of surgical complications associated with nylon tie-raps use on OVHs on bitches referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospitals of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) and Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), both at the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Cases: 1- An eleven-month-old bitch was admitted at the HV-UPF nine days after OVH performed elsewhere, with omentum evisceration due to suture dehiscence. During emergency surgery both ovaries were found surrounded by nylon tie-raps and fibrous tissue adherence. Peritonitis signs were recognizable. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and the remaining uterus was removed. 2- A five-years-old bitch was referred to the HV-UPF ten days after OVH performed elsewhere, with apathy and suture dehiscence. Free liquid was identifi ed around the bladder and kidneys using the ultrasound exam. Intense hemorrhage from uterine vessels was found during celiotomy. A nylon tie-rap was found loose on the abdominal cavity and another couple were found at both ovaries surrounded by fibrous tissue adherence. Bilateral ovariectomy with nylon 2-0 was performed and a blood transfusion was necessary. 3- A three-years-old bitch was admitted at the HCV-UFRGS six days after OVH performed at another institution, presenting suture dehiscence and evisceration. During emergency surgery, bladder, intestine and musculature necrosis due to the contact with sharp edged nylon tie-raps (prior placed as hemostatic devices), intense fibrous tissue adherence and peritonitis were identified. 4- A two-years-old bitch was referred to the HCV-UFRGS one year after OVH performed elsewhere, with a four-month persistent sinus tract on the right flank unsuccessfully treated by another veterinarian. Abdominal communication was suspected and therefore the patient was submitted to exploratory celiotomy. During surgery intense fibrous tissue adherence were found on both mesovarium. Stump granuloma and a sinus tract were also identified in the right side. Sharped nylon tie-raps were found among the fibrous tissue and were then replaced by non-absorbable suture. Discussion: OVH complications such as suture dehiscence, evisceration, peritonitis and loosen tie-raps, all seen on cases 1, 2 and 3 are usual when there is trans-operatory contamination and can probably be associated with technique failure, as described by other authors. Self-trauma must be avoided throughout the use of Elizabethan collar, but this recommendation was not followed by the patients' owners on any of the cases even though it had been prescribed by the veterinarian. Fibrous tissue and granulomas were found on all cases due to the tie-raps, what brings the question about its real effects to the animal organism. All the patients had satisfiable recovery after the emergency surgeries. There is urgent need of scientific investigations about the grave consequences of the inadequate use of poliamide tie-raps before assigning it as a hemostatic material.

Diferentes doses de tramadol em cães: ações analgésicas, sedativas e sobre o sistema cardiorrespiratório

The aim of this study was compare the cardiopulmonary, analgesic and sedative effects of different doses of tramadol in bitches undergoing to ovariohysterectomy. Twenty four adult crossbreed bitches were randomly assigned to three treatments of 8 animals and received intravenously (IV) tramadol 1, 2 or 4mg kg-1 (T1, T2 and T4, respectively). Pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.05mg kg-1 IV). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4mg kg-1 IV) and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen. Tramadol was administered 5 minutes before surgical incision in all groups. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, systolic blood pressure, degree of analgesia and sedation, serum cortisol concentration and adverse effects were measured. Mild changes were observed in cardiopulmonary variables in all treatments. The pain score was lower in T4 in the 3rd hour after surgery in relation to other treatments. Sedation degree was not different among the treatments. The serum cortisol did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, different doses of tramadol promoted similar analgesic effects, with mild sedative and cardiopulmonary effects. However, high incidence of vomiting was observed with tramadol at 4mg kg-1 in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Objetivou-se comparar os efeitos cardiorrespiratório, analgésico e sedativo de diferentes doses de tramadol em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH). Foram avaliadas 24 cadelas SRD, adultas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos de oito animais, tratados com tramadol pela via intravenosa (IV) nas doses de 1, 2 e 4mg kg-1 (T1, T2 e T4, respectivamente). Na medicação pré-anestésica, foi administrada acepromazina (0,05mg kg-1 IV). Vinte minutos após, a anestesia foi induzida com propofol (4mg kg-1 IV), com posterior manutenção anestésica com isofluorano. O tramadol foi administrado 5 minutos antes da incisão cirúrgica em todos os tratamentos. Foram mensurados: frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, temperatura retal, pressão arterial sistólica, grau de analgesia, grau de sedação, concentração sérica de cortisol e efeitos adversos. Mínimas alterações cardiorrespiratórias foram observadas, sem diferença entre os tratamentos. O cortisol, o grau de sedação e o grau de analgesia não variaram entre os tratamentos, com exceção da terceira hora pós-cirúrgica, em que menores escores de dor foram observados no T4. Vômito foi observado em 50% dos animais do T4. Conclui-se que as diferentes doses de tramadol induziram efeitos analgésicos semelhantes, com discreto efeito sedativo e mínimas alterações cardiorrespiratórias. Paralelamente, a dose de 4mg kg-1 de tramadol induziu alta incidência de vômito em cadelas submetidas à OSH.

Diferentes doses de tramadol em cães: ações analgésicas, sedativas e sobre o sistema cardiorrespiratório

The aim of this study was compare the cardiopulmonary, analgesic and sedative effects of different doses of tramadol in bitches undergoing to ovariohysterectomy. Twenty four adult crossbreed bitches were randomly assigned to three treatments of 8 animals and received intravenously (IV) tramadol 1, 2 or 4mg kg-1 (T1, T2 and T4, respectively). Pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.05mg kg-1 IV). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4mg kg-1 IV) and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen. Tramadol was administered 5 minutes before surgical incision in all groups. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, systolic blood pressure, degree of analgesia and sedation, serum cortisol concentration and adverse effects were measured. Mild changes were observed in cardiopulmonary variables in all treatments. The pain score was lower in T4 in the 3rd hour after surgery in relation to other treatments. Sedation degree was not different among the treatments. The serum cortisol did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, different doses of tramadol promoted similar analgesic effects, with mild sedative and cardiopulmonary effects. However, high incidence of vomiting was observed with tramadol at 4mg kg-1 in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Objetivou-se comparar os efeitos cardiorrespiratório, analgésico e sedativo de diferentes doses de tramadol em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH). Foram avaliadas 24 cadelas SRD, adultas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos de oito animais, tratados com tramadol pela via intravenosa (IV) nas doses de 1, 2 e 4mg kg-1 (T1, T2 e T4, respectivamente). Na medicação pré-anestésica, foi administrada acepromazina (0,05mg kg-1 IV). Vinte minutos após, a anestesia foi induzida com propofol (4mg kg-1 IV), com posterior manutenção anestésica com isofluorano. O tramadol foi administrado 5 minutos antes da incisão cirúrgica em todos os tratamentos. Foram mensurados: frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, temperatura retal, pressão arterial sistólica, grau de analgesia, grau de sedação, concentração sérica de cortisol e efeitos adversos. Mínimas alterações cardiorrespiratórias foram observadas, sem diferença entre os tratamentos. O cortisol, o grau de sedação e o grau de analgesia não variaram entre os tratamentos, com exceção da terceira hora pós-cirúrgica, em que menores escores de dor foram observados no T4. Vômito foi observado em 50% dos animais do T4. Conclui-se que as diferentes doses de tramadol induziram efeitos analgésicos semelhantes, com discreto efeito sedativo e mínimas alterações cardiorrespiratórias. Paralelamente, a dose de 4mg kg-1 de tramadol induziu alta incidência de vômito em cadelas submetidas à OSH.

Avaliação de sobrevida, alterações genitourinárias, comportamentais e de peso corpóreo no pós-operatório tardio em cadelas e gatas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia sob diferentes métodos de ligadura do pedículo ovariano / Evaluation of survival, genitourinary, behavioral and weight changes after late surgical procedure in dogs and cats submitted to ovariosalpingohisterectomy trough different methods of ovarian bandage pedicle ligature

A contracepção cirúrgica é utilizada no controle populacional, por impedir definitivamente a reprodução. As complicações ocorrem pela intervenção cirúrgica ou por efeitos sistêmicos da privação do estrógeno. Objetivou-se monitorar o período pós-operatório de cadelas e gatas castradas em projeto de extensão universitária, com o intuito de avaliar os benefícios e a incidência de efeitos adversos. Foram questionados por telefone os proprietários de 178 fêmeas castradas (135 caninas e 43 felinas), entre um e dois anos após a cirurgia. As questões envolviam o estado atual do animal, possível mortalidade, neste caso a causa da morte e quanto tempo após a cirurgia ocorreu, se ocorreram alterações fisicas como ganho de peso, incontinência urinária e dermatite peri-vulvar e alterações comportamentais positivas, como docilidade e diminuição do comportamento de perambulação, ou negativas, como apatia, agressividade e agitação excessiva. Das 135 cadelas castradas, 12 (8,89%) apresentaram óbito, apenas um relacionado à cirurgia, 87 (64,44%) apresentaram ganho de peso após a cirurgia, uma (0,74%) apresentou incontinência urinária e quatro (2,96%) dermatite peri-vulvar. Alterações de comportamento positivas foram relatadas em 38 (28,15%) cadelas e negativas em seis (4,44%). Das 43 gatas castradas, seis (13,95%) apresentaram óbito, nenhum relacionado à cirurgia, 25 (58,14%) apresentaram ganho de peso, uma (2,32%) incontinência urinária e duas (4,65%) dermatite peri-vulvar. Alterações de comportamento positivas ocorreram em 20 fêmeas (46,51%) e alterações negativas em nenhuma fêmea (0%). Pode-se concluir que a contracepção cirúrgica apresenta boa relação custo-benefício no que diz respeito a alterações pós-operatórias de longo prazo.

Surgical contraception is widely used for animal population control. Both the surgical intervention and estrogen deprivation may produce postoperative complications. This was a retrospective study to investigate postoperative outcome of dogs and cats after surgical contraception. A number of 178 owners of 135 bitches and 43 cats were interviewed by phone from one to two years after surgery. Questions involved the actual state of the animals, possible deaths, in this case the cause of the deaths, and how long death occurred after surgery, physical changes after surgery, like weight gain, urinary incontinence, and perivulvar dermatitis and positive and negative behavior changes. Death was reported in 12 (8,89%) bitches, but in only in one case this was associated with surgery. Weight gain was reported in 87 (64,44%), urinary incontinence in one (0,74%) and perivulvar dermatitis in four (2,96%) bitches. Positive and negative behavior changes were reported in 38 (28,15%) and six (4,44%) bitches respectively. Six cats died (13.95%) in the period, but none death was associated with surgery. Weight gain as reported in 25 (58,14%), urinary incontinence in one (2,32%) and perivulvar dermatitis in two (4,65%) cats. Positive behavior changes were reported in 20 (46,51%) cats. No negative behavior change was observed in the cats. It was possible to conclude that surgical contraception shows a good cost-benefit relation when long term postoperative changes are concerned.