Characterization of coronary arteries in Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae) / Caracterização da artéria coronária em tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae)]

Were used twelve (12) adult anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), adults, 6 (six) males and 6 (six) females, weighing from 20 to 27.32kg from free life. The thoracic cavity was opened until visualization of the whole heart and lungs and later injection of the coronary vessels. The right coronary artery emerged through a single coronary ostium of the aorta, 50%, emitting the intermediate branch and the subsinuous interventricular branch, had a path directed to the subsurface interventricular groove. In the other 50%, the right coronary artery was not present, showing only its branches, intermediate branch and subsurface interventricular branch with emergence of the aorta. Left coronary artery presented, in 83.33%, origin from the aorta in single ostium, issuing the circumflex and interventricular paraconal branches. In 16.66%, the left coronary artery was not evidenced originating from the aorta, but its branches, circumflex and interventricular paraconal.(AU)

Foram utilizados 12 tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), adultos, sendo seis machos e seis fêmeas, pesando de 20 a 27,32kg, provenientes de vida livre. Foi realizada abertura da cavidade torácica até a visualização do conjunto coração e pulmões e, posteriormente, injeção dos vasos coronários. A artéria coronária direita emergia, 50% dela, por um único óstio coronário da aorta, emitindo o ramo intermédio e o ramo interventricular subsinuoso; tinha trajeto direcionado ao sulco interventricular subsinuoso. Nos outros 50%, a artéria coronária direita não estava presente, exibindo somente seus ramos, ramo intermédio e ramo interventricular subsinuoso com emergência da aorta. A artéria coronária esquerda apresentou, em 83,33%, origem a partir da aorta em óstio único, emitindo os ramos circunflexo e interventricular paraconal. Em 16,66%, a artéria coronária esquerda não foi evidenciada originando-se da aorta, mas, sim, de seus ramos, circunflexo e interventricular paraconal.(AU)

Characterization of coronary arteries in Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae) / Caracterização da artéria coronária em tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae)]

Were used twelve (12) adult anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), adults, 6 (six) males and 6 (six) females, weighing from 20 to 27.32kg from free life. The thoracic cavity was opened until visualization of the whole heart and lungs and later injection of the coronary vessels. The right coronary artery emerged through a single coronary ostium of the aorta, 50%, emitting the intermediate branch and the subsinuous interventricular branch, had a path directed to the subsurface interventricular groove. In the other 50%, the right coronary artery was not present, showing only its branches, intermediate branch and subsurface interventricular branch with emergence of the aorta. Left coronary artery presented, in 83.33%, origin from the aorta in single ostium, issuing the circumflex and interventricular paraconal branches. In 16.66%, the left coronary artery was not evidenced originating from the aorta, but its branches, circumflex and interventricular paraconal.(AU)

Foram utilizados 12 tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), adultos, sendo seis machos e seis fêmeas, pesando de 20 a 27,32kg, provenientes de vida livre. Foi realizada abertura da cavidade torácica até a visualização do conjunto coração e pulmões e, posteriormente, injeção dos vasos coronários. A artéria coronária direita emergia, 50% dela, por um único óstio coronário da aorta, emitindo o ramo intermédio e o ramo interventricular subsinuoso; tinha trajeto direcionado ao sulco interventricular subsinuoso. Nos outros 50%, a artéria coronária direita não estava presente, exibindo somente seus ramos, ramo intermédio e ramo interventricular subsinuoso com emergência da aorta. A artéria coronária esquerda apresentou, em 83,33%, origem a partir da aorta em óstio único, emitindo os ramos circunflexo e interventricular paraconal. Em 16,66%, a artéria coronária esquerda não foi evidenciada originando-se da aorta, mas, sim, de seus ramos, circunflexo e interventricular paraconal.(AU)

Anatomia e segmentação pulmonar de tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla - Linnaeus, 1758) de vida livre / Anatomy and pulmonary segmentation of Free-living Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla - Linnaeus, 1758)

O presente trabalho utilizou oito pulmões de tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), jovens e adultos, de ambos os sexos, provenientes do Setor de Atendimento Clínico Cirúrgico de Animais Selvagens (SACCAS), do Hospital Veterinário "Dr. Halim Atique"( Unirp, localizado na cidade de São José do Rio Preto, estado de São Paulo. Os animais foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Anatomia Veterinária, onde se procedeu à separação dos órgãos, à lavagem em água corrente e à retirada do excesso de sangue, para serem fixados em formol a 10%. Após a fixação dos pulmões, estes foram dissecados para identificar os segmentos. Os animais apresentaram lobação pulmonar à direita em cranial, médio, caudal e acessório, sendo o lobo cranial dividido em partes cranial e caudal. A lobação pulmonar à esquerda apresentou cranial e caudal em 100% dos animais. Por sua vez, o lobo cranial, em 87,5%, dividiu-se em partes cranial e caudal, e em 12,5% não houve divisão. O pulmão direito apresentou maior tamanho do que o pulmão esquerdo. A árvore brônquica apresentou os brônquios principais direito e esquerdo, os quais se ramificam em brônquios lobares, que dão origem aos segmentos bronquiopulmonares. Em relação à segmentação bronquiopulmonar, foram observadas, à direita, de 14 (12,5%) a 18 segmentos (25%) e, à esquerda, de 10 (25%) a 30 segmentos (12,5%).(AU)

The study used eight lungs of giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), youth and adults of both sexes, from the Clinical Surgical Care Industry Wildlife (SACCAS), Veterinary Hospital "Dr. Halim Atique "- Unirp, located in the city of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. The animals were sent to the Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory, where organs were separated and washed under running waterto remove excess blood, then fixed in 10% formalin. After fixation, lungs were dissected to identify the segments. The animals have pulmonary lobations right cranial, middle, caudal and accessory; and the cranial lobe divided into cranial and caudal parts. Pulmonary lobation in the left cranial and caudal form were present in 100% of animals. The cranial lobe was evident in 87.5%, divided into cranial and caudal part, and 12.5% with no division. The right lung was shown to be larger than the left lung. Bronchial tree presented the main right and left bronchial tubes that branch into lobar bronchi that give rise to bronquiopulmonares segments. In relation to bronquiopulmonar targeting, 14 (12.5%) to 18 right segments (25%) and 10 (25%) to 30 (12.5%) left segments.(AU)

Anatomia e segmentação pulmonar de tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla - Linnaeus, 1758) de vida livre / Anatomy and pulmonary segmentation of Free-living Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla - Linnaeus, 1758)

O presente trabalho utilizou oito pulmões de tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), jovens e adultos, de ambos os sexos, provenientes do Setor de Atendimento Clínico Cirúrgico de Animais Selvagens (SACCAS), do Hospital Veterinário "Dr. Halim Atique"( Unirp, localizado na cidade de São José do Rio Preto, estado de São Paulo. Os animais foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Anatomia Veterinária, onde se procedeu à separação dos órgãos, à lavagem em água corrente e à retirada do excesso de sangue, para serem fixados em formol a 10%. Após a fixação dos pulmões, estes foram dissecados para identificar os segmentos. Os animais apresentaram lobação pulmonar à direita em cranial, médio, caudal e acessório, sendo o lobo cranial dividido em partes cranial e caudal. A lobação pulmonar à esquerda apresentou cranial e caudal em 100% dos animais. Por sua vez, o lobo cranial, em 87,5%, dividiu-se em partes cranial e caudal, e em 12,5% não houve divisão. O pulmão direito apresentou maior tamanho do que o pulmão esquerdo. A árvore brônquica apresentou os brônquios principais direito e esquerdo, os quais se ramificam em brônquios lobares, que dão origem aos segmentos bronquiopulmonares. Em relação à segmentação bronquiopulmonar, foram observadas, à direita, de 14 (12,5%) a 18 segmentos (25%) e, à esquerda, de 10 (25%) a 30 segmentos (12,5%).(AU)

The study used eight lungs of giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), youth and adults of both sexes, from the Clinical Surgical Care Industry Wildlife (SACCAS), Veterinary Hospital "Dr. Halim Atique "- Unirp, located in the city of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. The animals were sent to the Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory, where organs were separated and washed under running waterto remove excess blood, then fixed in 10% formalin. After fixation, lungs were dissected to identify the segments. The animals have pulmonary lobations right cranial, middle, caudal and accessory; and the cranial lobe divided into cranial and caudal parts. Pulmonary lobation in the left cranial and caudal form were present in 100% of animals. The cranial lobe was evident in 87.5%, divided into cranial and caudal part, and 12.5% with no division. The right lung was shown to be larger than the left lung. Bronchial tree presented the main right and left bronchial tubes that branch into lobar bronchi that give rise to bronquiopulmonares segments. In relation to bronquiopulmonar targeting, 14 (12.5%) to 18 right segments (25%) and 10 (25%) to 30 (12.5%) left segments.(AU)

DETECÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE MICOPLASMAS HEMOTRÓPICOS E Coxiella burnetii EM MAMÍFEROS DA SUPERORDEM XENARTHRA NO BRASIL

Embora mamíferos da superordem Xenarthra sejam considerados hospedeiros de uma ampla gama de agentes zoonóticos, são raros os trabalhos que visam investigar o papel desses animais como hospedeiros de bactérias com potencial zoonótico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência e caracterizar molecularmente o DNA de Coxiella burnetii e hemoplasma (micoplasmas hemotrópicos) em amostras de sangue e baço de 397 mamíferos Xenarthra de vida livre (233 preguiças, 107 tamanduás e 57 tatus) em cinco estados brasileiros (Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Pará, Rondônia e Rio Grande do Sul). Todas as amostras biológicas de Xenarthra foram negativas na qPCR para Coxiella burnetii com base no gene IS1111. A ausência de DNA de C. burnetii em amostras de sangue e baço de Xenarthra sugere que esses mamíferos podem não atuar como possíveis hospedeiros desse agente nas localidades estudadas. Quando realizados ensaios de PCR convencionais para o gene endógeno (gapdh) de mamífero, 386 amostras foram positivas. Quando triados por ensaios moleculares baseados no gene 16S rRNA de hemoplasmas, 81 amostras foram positivas, sendo 15,54% (60/386) positivas por PCR convencional e 5,44% (21/386) positivas por PCR em tempo real; três amostras foram positivas em ambos os ensaios. Destes, 39,74% (31/78) também foram positivos para o gene 23S rRNA e 7,69% (6/78) para o gene hemoplasma RNAse P. Entre as amostras positivas para hemoplasmas, 25,64% (20/78) foram obtidas de tamanduás, 39,74% (31/78) de preguiças e 34,61% (27/78) de tatus. Com base na baixa identidade e no posicionamento filogenético das sequências 16S rRNA e 23S rRNA de hemoplasmas detectados em tamanduás, tatus e preguiças, o presente estudo mostrou, pela primeira vez, a ocorrência de um novo putativo de Candidatus hemotrópico Mycoplasma spp. ('Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotetradactyla', 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomaximus' e 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotridactylus').

Although mammals of the superorder Xenarthra are considered hosts of a wide range of zoonotic agents, works aiming at investigating the role of these animals as hosts for bacteria with zoonotic potential are rare. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecularly characterize Coxiella burnetii and hemoplasma (hemotropic mycoplasmas) DNA in blood and spleen samples from 397 free-living Xenarthra mammals (233 sloths, 107 anteaters, and 57 armadillos) in five Brazilian states (Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Pará, Rondônia, and Rio Grande do Sul). All biological samples from Xenarthra were negative in the qPCR for Coxiella burnetii based on the IS1111 gene. The absence of C. burnetii DNA in blood and spleen samples from Xenarthra suggests that these mammals may not act as possible hosts for this agent in the locations studied. When performed conventional PCR assays for the endogenous (gapdh) mammalian gene, 386 samples were positive. When screened by molecular assays based on the 16S rRNA gene of hemoplasmas, 81 samples were positive, of which 15.54% (60/386) were positive by conventional PCR and 5.44% (21/386) were positive by real-time PCR; three samples were positive in both assays. Of these, 39.74% (31/78) were also positive for the 23S rRNA gene and 7.69% (6/78) for the hemoplasma RNAse P gene. Among the samples positive for hemoplasmas, 25.64% (20/78) were obtained from anteaters, 39.74% (31/78) from sloths, and 34.61% (27/78) from armadillos. Based on the low identity and phylogenetic positioning of 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA sequences of hemoplasmas detected in anteaters, armadillos and sloths, the present study showed, for the first time, the occurrence of putative new Candidatus hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. ('Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotetradactyla', 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomaximus', and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotridactylus').

Casuística de Xenarthras atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Pará (janeiro de 2013 a agosto de 2020): Medicina aplicada a fauna Amazônica Oriental.

Profissionais veterinários especialistas em animais das ordens Cingulata e Pilosa apresentam dificuldade para o atendimento médico assertivo, devido ao baixo número de publicações sobre relatos bem sucedidos nestas espécies. Desse modo, objetivou-se realizar um estudo casuístico de Xenarthras atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da UFPA, e relatar os principais casos clínicos e/ou cirúrgicos considerados inéditos ou que tiveram boa resolução. Os dados foram obtidos a partir dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no Setor de Animais Silvestres do Hospital Veterinário (SAS-HV) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), localizada no município de Castanhal, estado do Pará. Foi admitido um total de 92 animais (66 Bradypus variegatus, 10 Choloepus didactyla, 15 Tamandua tetradactyla e um Dasypus novemcinctus). As principais circunstâncias que levaram ao atendimento foram animais para triagem (42%, n=39); filhotes vulneráveis (9%, n=8); atropelados por veículo (8%, n=7); alterações respiratórias (7%, n=6); queda de árvore (5%, n=5); choque elétrico (5%, n=5); agressão por cão (4%, n=4) e agressão por humano (4%, n=4). Quanto à destinação dos animais, a soltura foi representativa para a maioria das espécies. Foram descritos dois casos clínico-cirúrgicos envolvendo uma espécie de C. didactyla e uma T. tetradactyla, vítimas de trauma elétrico. O tratamento dos pacientes envolveu ações integradas de cuidado ao paciente, incluindo pronto atendimento, estabilização, procedimento cirúrgico e cuidados hospitalares. Para o tratamento da C didactyla, as cirurgias de amputações foram um dos pontos relevantes para garantir a sobrevida do animal. O tratamento para T. tetradactyla foi baseado na cirurgia de desbridamento das lesões e na cicatrização por segunda intenção. O estudo casuístico foi de grande importância para o levantamento epidemiológico dos animais atendidos no Hospital veterinário, bem como para a descrição de protocolos para o tratamento de duas espécies de Xenarthra vítimas de trauma elétrico.

Veterinary professionals specializing in animals of the Cingulata and Pilosa orders have difficulty in providing assertive medical care, due to the low number of publications on successful reports on these species. Thus, the objective was to carry out a casuistic study of Xenarthras treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UFPA, and report the main clinical and/or surgical cases considered unpublished or that had good resolution. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients treated at the Wild Animals Sector of the Veterinary Hospital (SAS-HV) of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), located in the municipality of Castanhal, state of Pará. A total of 92 animals were admitted. (66 Bradypus variegatus, 10 Choloepus didactyla, 15 Tamandua tetradactyla and one Dasypus novemcinctus). The main circumstances that led to care were animals for screening (42%, n=39); vulnerable pups (9%, n=8); hit by vehicle (8%, n=7); respiratory changes (7%, n=6); tree fall (5%, n=5); electric shock (5%, n=5); aggression by dog (4%, n=4) and aggression by human (4%, n=4). As for the destination of the animals, the release was representative for most species. Two clinical-surgical cases involving a species of C. didactyla and a T. tetradactyla, victims of electrical trauma, were described. The treatment of patients involved integrated actions of patient care, including emergency care, stabilization, surgical procedure and hospital care. For the treatment of C didactyla, amputation surgeries were one of the relevant points to guarantee the animal's survival. Treatment for T. tetradactyla was based on wound debridement surgery and secondary intention healing. The casuistic study was of great importance for the epidemiological survey of animals treated at the Veterinary Hospital, as well as for the description of protocols for the treatment of two Xenarthra species victims of electrical trauma

DETECÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE AGENTES ANAPLASMATACEAE EM XENARTHRA NO BRASIL

Os agentes Anaplasmataceae são -proteobactérias Gram-negativos intracelulares obrigatórias que são transmitidos principalmente por vetores artrópodes. Embora os mamíferos da Superordem Xenarthra (preguiças, tamanduás e tatus) tenham sido implicados como reservatórios de vários agentes zoonóticos, apenas poucos estudos procuraram detectar agentes Anaplasmataceae neste grupo de mamíferos. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a ocorrência e diversidade genética de Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia spp. em amostras de sangue e baço de Xenarthra de vida livre de quatro estados no Brasil (São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, e Pará). Foram efetuados ensaios de triagem por meio de nPCR e cPCR para detectar os genes rrs e dsb de Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia spp., respectivamente. Os ensaios foram positivos em 27,57% (91/330) para Anaplasma spp. e 24,54% (81/330) para Ehrlichia spp. Das 91 amostras positivas para Anaplasma spp., 56,04% foram positivas num ensaio de PCR convencional visando a região intergênica 23S-5S. Análises filogenéticas e de distância baseadas no gene rrs alocaram as sequências de Anaplasma de preguiças (Bradypus variegatus, Bradypus sp., Choloepus spp. e C. didactylus) capturadas nos estados de Rondônia e Pará em um único clado, que estava estreitamente relacionado com o clado de A. marginale, A. ovis, e A. capra. As sequências detectadas nos tamanduás-mirins (Tamandua tetradactyla) de São Paulo foram alocadas em um clado filogeneticamente relacionado com as sequências de Anaplasma spp. detectadas em Nasua nasua, Leopardus pardalis, e Cerdocyon thous no Brasil. Estas sequências foram posicionadas perto das sequências de A. odocoilei. A análise do genótipo corroborou as descobertas anteriores e demonstrou a circulação de dois genótipos distintos de Anaplasma em animais do norte e sudeste do Brasil. O primeiro genótipo era novo. O segundo foi previamente detectado em N. nasua, no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. As análises da região intergênica também demonstraram dois genótipos distintos de Anaplasma. As sequências detectadas em Xenarthra dos estados do Pará e Rondônia estavam relacionadas com as de A. marginale, A. ovis, e A. capra. Enquanto que as sequências de Anaplasma spp. detectadas em Xenarthra de São Paulo foram alocadas em um clado irmão ao de A. phagocytophilum. As análises baseadas no gene dsb agruparam as sequências de Ehrlichia spp. de São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, e Pará com sequências de E. canis e as de Rondônia e Pará com E. minasensis. Os dados indicam a ocorrência de E. canis e E. minasensis e duas possíveis novas espécies de Anaplasma spp. em mamíferos de vida livre da Superordem Xenarthra no Brasil.

Anaplasmataceae agents are obligatory intracellular Gram-negative -proteobacteria that are transmitted mostly by arthropod vectors. Although mammals of the Superorder Xenarthra (sloths, anteaters, and armadillos) have been implicated as reservoirs for several zoonotic agents, only few studies have sought to detect Anaplasmataceae agents in this group of mammals. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. in blood and spleen samples of free-living Xenarthra from four different states in Brazil (São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, and Pará). Nested and conventional PCR screening assays were performed to detect the rrs and dsb genes of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp., respectively. The assays were positive in 27.57% (91/330) of the Anaplasma spp. and 24.54% (81/330) of the Ehrlichia spp. Of the 91 positive Anaplasma spp. samples, 56.04% were positive in a conventional PCR assay targeting the 23S-5S intergenic region. Phylogenetic and distance analyses based on the rrs gene allocated Anaplasma sequences from sloths captured in Rondônia and Pará states in a single clade, which was closely related to the A. marginale, A. ovis, and A. capra clades. The sequences detected in southern anteaters from São Paulo were allocated in a clade closely related to sequences of Anaplasma spp. detected in Nasua nasua, Leopardus pardalis, and Cerdocyon thous in Brazil. These sequences were positioned close to A. odocoilei sequences. Genotype analysis corroborated previous findings and demonstrated the circulation of two distinct Anaplasma genotypes in animals from north and southeast Brazil. The first genotype was new. The second was previously detected in N. nasua in Mato Grosso do Sul state. The intergenic region analyses also demonstrated two distinct genotypes of Anaplasma. The sequences detected in Xenarthra from Pará and Rondônia states were closely related to those in A. marginale, A. ovis, and A. capra. Anaplasma spp. sequences detected in Xenarthra from São Paulo and were allocated close to those in A. phagocytophilum. The analyses based on the dsb gene grouped the Ehrlichia spp. sequences with sequences of E. canis (São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Pará) and E. minasensis (Rondônia and Pará). The data indicate the occurrence of E. canis and E. minasensis and two possible new Candidatus species of Anaplasma spp. in free-living mammals of the Superorder Xenarthra in Brazil.

Serosurvey of Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus and Chlamydophila abortus infection in free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) from Brazil / Inquérito sorológico de Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus e Chlamydophila abortus em tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) de vida livre no Brasil

A serological survey for antibodies against Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, and Chlamydophila abortus was conducted in 21 clinically healthy, free-ranging giant ant- eaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) from Parque Nacional das Emas (Goiás State, Brazil; n=6), Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (Minas Gerais State, Brazil; n=9), and RPPN SESC Pantanal (Mato Grosso State, Brazil; n=6) between July 2001 and September 2006. Sera were screened for antibodies against 22 serovars of Leptospira interrogans with a microscopic agglutination test. Twelve tested positive for L. interrogansserovars sentot (n=5 in PN Emas, n=2 in PN Serra da Canastra), butembo (n=2 in PN Serra da Canastra), autumnalis, bataviae, and shermani/icterohaemorrhagiae(n=1 each in SESC Pantanal)One adult female tested positive for B. abortus with the buffered plate antigen test. All sera were negative for C. abortususing the complement fixation text. This is the first report of pathogens that may interfere with the reproduction and population dynamics of free-ranging giant anteaters.(AU)

Inquéritos sorológicos para detecção de anticorpos contra Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, e Chlamydophila abortus foram realizados em 21 tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) de vida livre do Parque Nacional das Emas (Goiás, Brasil, n=6), o Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (Minas Gerais, Brasil, n=9) e RPPN SESC Pantanal (Mato Grosso, Brasil, n=6) entre julho de 2001 e setembro de 2006. Os sor os foram testados para anticorpos contra 22 sorotipos de Leptospira interrogans com um teste de aglutinação microscópica. Doze animais foram considerados positivos para L. interrogans sorovares sentot (n=5 em PN Emas, n=2 em PN Serra da Canastra), butembo (n=2 em PN Serra da Canastra), autumnalis, bataviae e shermani/icterohaemorrhagiae(n=1 para cada sorovar em SESC Pantanal). Uma fêmea adulta testou positivo para B. abortuscom o teste do antígeno tamponado. Todos os soros se mostraram negativos para C. abortusatravés do teste de fixação do complemento. Este é o primeiro relato de patógenos que podem interferir na dinâmica reprodutiva de populações de tamanduás em estado selvagem.(AU)

Mammal occurrence and roadkill in two adjacent ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) in south-western Brazil

This paper examines the frequencies of mammal roadkill in two adjacent biogeographic ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) of Brazil. Mammals were recorded during a seven-year period and over 3,900 km of roads, in order to obtain data for frequencies of species in habitats (sites) and frequencies of species killed by cars on roads. Sites (n = 80) within ecoregions (Cerrado, n = 57; Atlantic Forest, n = 23) were searched for records of mammals. Species surveyed in the entire region totaled 33, belonging to nine orders and 16 families. In the Cerrado, 31 species were recorded in habitats; of these, 25 were found dead on roads. In the Atlantic Forest ecoregions, however, we found 21 species in habitats, 16 of which were also found dead on roads. There was no overall significant difference between ecoregions for frequencies of occurrence in habitats or for roadkills, but there were differences between individual species. Hence, anteaters were mostly recorded in the Cerrado ecoregion, whereas caviomorph rodents tended to be more frequent in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion (seen mainly by roadkills). The greater number of species (overall and threatened) and the greater abundance of species records in the Cerrado suggest that this ecoregion has a greater biodiversity and is better conserved than the Atlantic Forest ecoregion, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, south-western Brazil.

Mammal occurrence and roadkill in two adjacent ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) in south-western Brazil

This paper examines the frequencies of mammal roadkill in two adjacent biogeographic ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) of Brazil. Mammals were recorded during a seven-year period and over 3,900 km of roads, in order to obtain data for frequencies of species in habitats (sites) and frequencies of species killed by cars on roads. Sites (n = 80) within ecoregions (Cerrado, n = 57; Atlantic Forest, n = 23) were searched for records of mammals. Species surveyed in the entire region totaled 33, belonging to nine orders and 16 families. In the Cerrado, 31 species were recorded in habitats; of these, 25 were found dead on roads. In the Atlantic Forest ecoregions, however, we found 21 species in habitats, 16 of which were also found dead on roads. There was no overall significant difference between ecoregions for frequencies of occurrence in habitats or for roadkills, but there were differences between individual species. Hence, anteaters were mostly recorded in the Cerrado ecoregion, whereas caviomorph rodents tended to be more frequent in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion (seen mainly by roadkills). The greater number of species (overall and threatened) and the greater abundance of species records in the Cerrado suggest that this ecoregion has a greater biodiversity and is better conserved than the Atlantic Forest ecoregion, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, south-western Brazil.

Mammal occurrence and roadkill in two adjacent ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) in south-western Brazil

This paper examines the frequencies of mammal roadkill in two adjacent biogeographic ecoregions (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado) of Brazil. Mammals were recorded during a seven-year period and over 3,900 km of roads, in order to obtain data for frequencies of species in habitats (sites) and frequencies of species killed by cars on roads. Sites (n = 80) within ecoregions (Cerrado, n = 57; Atlantic Forest, n = 23) were searched for records of mammals. Species surveyed in the entire region totaled 33, belonging to nine orders and 16 families. In the Cerrado, 31 species were recorded in habitats; of these, 25 were found dead on roads. In the Atlantic Forest ecoregions, however, we found 21 species in habitats, 16 of which were also found dead on roads. There was no overall significant difference between ecoregions for frequencies of occurrence in habitats or for roadkills, but there were differences between individual species. Hence, anteaters were mostly recorded in the Cerrado ecoregion, whereas caviomorph rodents tended to be more frequent in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion (seen mainly by roadkills). The greater number of species (overall and threatened) and the greater abundance of species records in the Cerrado suggest that this ecoregion has a greater biodiversity and is better conserved than the Atlantic Forest ecoregion, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, south-western Brazil.