Use of ozonized sunflower oil in the treatment of skin injury in golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus): case report / Uso de óleo de girassol ozonizado no tratamento de lesão cutânea em hamster sírio (Mesocricetus auratus): relato de caso

Hamster breeding is becoming increasingly popular, mainly because of the simplicity of breeding, low cost, and characteristics of these animals: they are small, quiet, and do not require a large space. Because of this ease of keeping, some people choose to keep more than one animal of the same species in a single enclosure. In some cases, this sociability can lead to fights, because hamsters are extremely territorial animals, which can cause significant injuries. Knowledge of the most efficient methods for wound healing is essential in medicine for wild and exotic animals, as it allows faster clinical treatment and thus, stress reduction. The present case report refers to the therapeutic treatment of an extensive skin lesion in a golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) using ozonized sunflower oil. The treatment, which lasted 23 days, allowed complete healing of the lesion.

A criação de hamsters tem se tornado cada vez mais popular, especialmente pela facilidade de criação, pelo baixo custo e pelas características desses animais: são pequenos, silenciosos, e não necessitam de um grande espaço. Por essa facilidade de manejo, algumas pessoas decidem manter mais de um animal da mesma espécie em um único recinto. Em alguns casos, esse convívio pode causar brigas, visto que hamsters são animais extremamente territorialistas, podendo resultar em injúrias cutâneas significativas. O conhecimento sobre os métodos mais eficientes para a cicatrização de lesões é fundamental na medicina de animais silvestres e exóticos, possibilitando um manejo clínico mais rápido, consequentemente, redução do estresse. O presente relato refere-se ao manejo terapêutico de uma extensa lesão cutânea em um hamster sírio (Mesocricetus auratus) com o uso do óleo de girassol ozonizado. O tratamento, que teve 23 dias de duração, possibilitou a cicatrização total da lesão.

Lesão facial grave em um gambá-de-orelha-branca (Didelphis albiventris) - tratamento com ozonioterapia / Severe facial wound in a white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris) - treatment with ozone therapy

Background: Ozone therapy (OT) is a type of treatment that uses ozone gas, which has high oxidizing power. OT has been utilized for various diseases and to accelerate the wound healing process and reduce inflammation. Additionally, OT is a low-cost treatment recommended for patients that can be easily restrained. There are several methods of ozone administration, including topical use through bagging, cupping, or rectal insufflation, in addition to ozonated autohemotherapy. Based on the benefits of OT and the scarcity of reports describing its effects on white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris), we report on the use of ozone in the treatment of a severe facial wound in a white-eared opossum. Case: An adult female white-eared opossum weighing 1.6 kg was rescued from a fire. The patient was pregnant, dehydrated, hypothermic and had an extensive burn wound in the facial region. Due to the stress of captivity and its aggressive behavior, the animal needed to be chemically restrained with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol. Following sedation, the cephalic vein was catheterized and intravenous fluid therapy with ringer lactate was started to treat dehydration. Next, enrofloxacin, meloxicam, and tramadol hydrochloride were administered. Body rewarming was performed with thermal bags. The microbial load of the wound was reduced with chlorhexidine degerming solution followed by washing with saline solution. A thin layer of silver sulfadiazine cream was applied to the wound area. Over the following days the patient was treated with OT using the cupping technique combined with ozonated sunflower oil. After the first applications there was an improvement in the appearance of the wound, which initially had a purulent aspect. After 20 days of treatment the wound showed good granulation and there were no signs of infection, and at 45 days of treatment it was completely healed. The patient was then released with her baby. Discussion: Ozone therapy was included in the patient's treatment plan to enhance the tissue repair process in order to reintroduce the animal to the wild in the shortest possible time. The strategy was successful in improving healing and reducing tissue inflammation and infection. Ozone is known to cause the inactivation of microorganisms as a result of the oxidation of phospholipids and lipoproteins present in the cell membrane of bacteria and to interrupt viral replication. Ozone helps in the perfusion of injured tissues, contributing to the entry of humoral components, which control inflammation. Moreover, ozone contributes to increase supply of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and to stimulate increased production of fibrinogen and formation of granulation tissue. Ozone increases the enzymatic antioxidant response, while also playing a role in immunoregulation. Ozone can be used in several ways and via various methods with potential routes including intravenous, urethral, intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intra-articular, in addition to rectal and intramammary insufflation. Immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiseptic effects can be achieved with different doses and concentrations, which enables its application in different types of pathologies. Because of the aggressive behavior of the animal, in the current case we opted for the cupping technique combined with ozonated oil, both techniques which can be administered easily with only physical restraint of the patient. Cupping allows for the provision of a higher concentration of ozone gas locally whereas the ozonated oil maintains the effect of the gas for slightly longer, enhancing its effect and promoting tissue repair. The present report showed that OT is an effective alternative for the treatment of burn wounds in opossums, without causing adverse effects to the patient or her baby.

O efeito da ozonioterapia no tratamento de fratura de fêmur em filhote canino: relato de caso / The effect of ozone therapy in the treatment of femur fracture in puppies: case report

Fraturas de fêmur são casos recorrentes na clínica veterinária de pequenos animais, ocorrendo principalmente em filhotes. O seu diagnóstico considera histórico e sinais clínicos apresentados, como sensibilidade dolorosa e apoio do membro em pinça, e é confirmado por exame radiográfico do membro lesionado. Geralmente, esse tipo de fratura tem o tratamento cirúrgico como indicação, entretanto, com o perigo de submeter o animal a riscos tanto anestésicos quanto cirúrgicos. O presente relato de caso descreve o uso da ozonioterapia, uma forma diferente e menos invasiva de se tratar fratura femoral, com um maior potencial de adesão do tutor por ser um tratamento mais acessível e com excelentes resultados.(AU)

Femur fractures are recurrent cases in the small animal veterinary clinic, occurring mainly in puppies. It's diagnosis is based on the history and clinical signs presented, such as painful sensitivity and support of the limb on tweezers, and defined by radiographic examination of the injured limb. Generally, this type of fracture has surgical treatment indication, however, with the danger of subjecting the animal to both anesthetic and surgical risks. The present case report describes the use of ozone therapy, a different and less invasive way of treating a femoral fracture, with a greater potential for adherence by the tutor, as it is a more accessible treatment and with excellent results.(AU)

Use of ozone in the culture medium of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos / Uso do ozônio no meio de cultura para embriões de zebrafish (Danio rerio)

In this study, we sought to demonstrate the toxicity of different concentrations of ozonated water in zebrafish embryos up to 120 hours postfertilization (hpf ) and their antimicrobial activity advantages. For the test, we placed 40 embryos per treatment in Petri dishes containing 30 ml of solution to be tested. The ozone concentrations used were calculated from an initial concentration of 72 µg/ml using the O&L 1.5 RM ozone generator (Ozone & Life, Brazil). Five serial dilutions 1:1 was performed in egg water to produce the ozone treatments. We also analyzed a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without ozone, with only the addition of methylene blue, and a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without the addition of any antifungal agent. The plates were incubated at 28 ± 1°C, and the embryos were analyzed daily until 120 hpf. The survival rate, incubation period, and possible deformities were analyzed. In addition, egg water microbiological analyses were performed to detect total coliforms and fungi and yeasts. The data were tested for normality, and analysis of variance was performed within Minitab®version 1.8 software. The results showed that there was no significant difference in embryo survival or hatching rate between treatments with different ozone concentrations (p > 0.05), and no embryonic deformities were found under any of the ozone concentrations evaluated. It can be concluded that ozone within the concentrations analyzed is not toxic to zebrafish embryos and has antifungal and antimicrobial action.(AU)

Neste estudo, procuramos demonstrar a toxicidade de diferentes concentrações de água ozonizada em embriões de zebrafish até 120 horas pós-fertilização (hpf ) e suas vantagens na atividade antimicrobiana. Para o teste, colocamos 40 embri-ões por tratamento em placas de Petri contendo 30 ml da solução a ser testada. As concentrações de ozônio utilizadas foram calculadas a partir de uma concentração inicial de 72 µg/ml usando o gerador de ozônio O&L 1,5 RM (Ozone & Life, Brasil). Foram realizadas cinco diluições seriadas 1:1 em Egg Water. Também analisamos um tratamento com 30 ml de Egg Water sem ozônio, apenas com adição de azul de metileno, e um tratamento com 30 ml de Egg Water sem adição de nenhum agente antifúngico. As placas foram incubadas a 28 ± 1°C e os embriões foram analisados diariamente até 120 hpf. A taxa de sobrevi-vência, período de incubação e possíveis deformidades foram analisados. Além disso, foram realizadas análises microbiológicas da Egg Water para detectar coliformes totais, fungos e leveduras. Os dados foram testados quanto à normalidade e a análise de variância foi realizada no software Minitab® versão 1.8. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa na sobrevivência de embriões ou taxa de eclosão entre os tratamentos com diferentes concentrações de ozônio (p > 0,05), e não foram encontradas deformidades embrionárias sob nenhuma das concentrações de ozônio avaliadas. Pode-se concluir que o ozônio dentro das concentrações analisadas não é tóxico para embriões de zebrafish e possui ação antifúngica e antimicrobiana.(AU)

The interference of ozone gas in kinects and mitochondrial potential of equine sperm submitted on cryopreservation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of different concentrations of ozone to quarter horse semen submitted to cryopreservation. Six ejaculates from four stallions were collected and were divided in four experimental groups: a control group (BotuCRIO® extender) and three other groups with BotuCRIO® ozonized at concentrations of 6, 8 and 12 μg of O3/mL. The semen samples were diluted (200 x 106 spermatozoa/mL), filled in straws and frozen. After thawing (37 ºC, 30s), the samples were evaluated at 0, 30 and 60 minutes of incubation regarding sperm kinetics by a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), and plasma membrane integrity (PMI), acrosome integrity (ACi) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by fluorescent probes. There was a reduction in the kinetic parameters total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL) and average path velocity (VAP) in all groups during the thermoresistance test (TT), a pattern also found in PMI and MMP analyses (p<0.05). There was no difference (p>0.05) between the control and treatment (6, 8, and 12 μg of O3/mL) groups, in any of the evaluated times for the kinetic parameters TM, linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble index (WOB), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross frequency (BCF). Regarding the VCL, VSL and VAP parameters, the group treated with 6 μg did not differ from the control or from 8 μg, but was higher than 12 μg at 30 and 60 minutes. ACi and PMI did not differ between groups (p>0.05), but PMI was lower in groups 8 μg and 12 μg compared to the control and 6 μg (p<0.05). It was concluded that the addition of ozone does not present beneficial effects for cryopreservation of equine semen at the concentrations used and decreases important parameters of fertility.(AU)

The interference of ozone gas in kinects and mitochondrial potential of equine sperm submitted on cryopreservation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of different concentrations of ozone to quarter horse semen submitted to cryopreservation. Six ejaculates from four stallions were collected and were divided in four experimental groups: a control group (BotuCRIO® extender) and three other groups with BotuCRIO® ozonized at concentrations of 6, 8 and 12 μg of O3/mL. The semen samples were diluted (200 x 106 spermatozoa/mL), filled in straws and frozen. After thawing (37 ºC, 30s), the samples were evaluated at 0, 30 and 60 minutes of incubation regarding sperm kinetics by a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), and plasma membrane integrity (PMI), acrosome integrity (ACi) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by fluorescent probes. There was a reduction in the kinetic parameters total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL) and average path velocity (VAP) in all groups during the thermoresistance test (TT), a pattern also found in PMI and MMP analyses (p0.05) between the control and treatment (6, 8, and 12 μg of O3/mL) groups, in any of the evaluated times for the kinetic parameters TM, linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble index (WOB), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross frequency (BCF). Regarding the VCL, VSL and VAP parameters, the group treated with 6 μg did not differ from the control or from 8 μg, but was higher than 12 μg at 30 and 60 minutes. ACi and PMI did not differ between groups (p>0.05), but PMI was lower in groups 8 μg and 12 μg compared to the control and 6 μg (p<0.05). It was concluded that the addition of ozone does not present beneficial effects for cryopreservation of equine semen at the concentrations used and decreases important parameters of fertility.

Use of phytotherapics, low power laser and ozone for biting wound in dog

Background: Skin wounds are among the most common cases in small animals, highlighting the importance of alternativetherapies as an aid to the healing process. These include ozone, which has a bactericidal and immunomodulatory action; thelow power laser that determines photodynamic changes triggering metabolism elevation; and the use of medicinal plants,in which several herbal medicines has been mentioned in research relating their benefits to wound healing in humans andanimals. Thus, it aims to report the case of a dog submitted to these treatments due to chronic wound due to bite.Case: A 6-year-old canine, female, mixed-breed, 8 kg, with a perforating wound in the left anterior limb in the scapularand humeral region, caused by trauma from the bite of another dog, previously treated, without clinical improvement,has been attended presenting apathy, increased body temperature (40.1°C), difficulty in walking and inability to supportthe injured limb, which was swollen, hyperemic, with elevated temperature, absence of hair, elevated pain sensitivity andpresence of 2 circular lesions, approximately 2 cm in diameter, caused by trauma, and others of size between 0.5 and 1 cmin diameter, which appeared during the course of the disease, characterized as fistulas, through which there was drainageof characteristic fluid exudative and purulent discharge. It was collected blood sample for blood count and purulent material through sterile swab for culture and antibiogram. Systemic treatment with ceftiofur, dipyrone, meloxican and topicalcleaning of the wounds with hydrogen peroxide and physiological solution; dimethyl sulfoxide ointment, and hot compresses was chosen. After seven days, the animal showed significant general clinical...

Use of phytotherapics, low power laser and ozone for biting wound in dog

Background: Skin wounds are among the most common cases in small animals, highlighting the importance of alternativetherapies as an aid to the healing process. These include ozone, which has a bactericidal and immunomodulatory action; thelow power laser that determines photodynamic changes triggering metabolism elevation; and the use of medicinal plants,in which several herbal medicines has been mentioned in research relating their benefits to wound healing in humans andanimals. Thus, it aims to report the case of a dog submitted to these treatments due to chronic wound due to bite.Case: A 6-year-old canine, female, mixed-breed, 8 kg, with a perforating wound in the left anterior limb in the scapularand humeral region, caused by trauma from the bite of another dog, previously treated, without clinical improvement,has been attended presenting apathy, increased body temperature (40.1°C), difficulty in walking and inability to supportthe injured limb, which was swollen, hyperemic, with elevated temperature, absence of hair, elevated pain sensitivity andpresence of 2 circular lesions, approximately 2 cm in diameter, caused by trauma, and others of size between 0.5 and 1 cmin diameter, which appeared during the course of the disease, characterized as fistulas, through which there was drainageof characteristic fluid exudative and purulent discharge. It was collected blood sample for blood count and purulent material through sterile swab for culture and antibiogram. Systemic treatment with ceftiofur, dipyrone, meloxican and topicalcleaning of the wounds with hydrogen peroxide and physiological solution; dimethyl sulfoxide ointment, and hot compresses was chosen. After seven days, the animal showed significant general clinical...(AU)

Effects of transrectal medicinal ozone in horses - clinical and laboratory aspects / Efeitos do ozônio medicinal transretal em cavalos - aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais

Ozone (O3) therapy has been used for medical procedures for centuries; however, there are no extensive studies on its utilization in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the application of transrectal O3 on horses by physical and laboratorial evaluation, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sixteen healthy horses were separated in two groups: a control group (CG) and a group treated with O3 (TG). The TG animals received 1L of an oxygen and O3 mixture transrectally. The initial dose was 10µg/ml for the first two applications, 15µg/ml for the following two applications, and 20µg/ml for the next six applications. The CG animals received 1L of oxygen transrectally. In TG animals no variations in the physical examination were detected; furthermore, TG animals did not exhibit changes in biochemical evaluation results, fibrinogen concentrations, or ROS production. TG animals had increased red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentrations, and packet cell volume values in comparison to the baseline and CG values. We could infer that O3 affected the red blood cell counts and improved rhetological properties of the blood. The transrectal application of O3 in horses is safe and can indirectly improve the oxygenation and metabolism of tissues.(AU)

A utilização medicinal do ozônio (O3) é secular, contudo não existem estudos expressivos de sua utilização em equinos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação transretal de O3 em equinos por meio da avaliação física, laboratorial, e produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs). Dezesseis equinos hígidos foram separados em dois grupos: grupo controle (GC) e grupo tratado com O3 (GT). O GT recebeu por via retal 1L da mistura de oxigênio e ozônio, sendo a dose inicial de 10µg/ml por duas aplicações, 15µg/ml por mais duas aplicações e 20µg/ml por seis aplicações. O GC recebeu 1L de oxigênio via transretal. No GT não foram observadas alterações no exame físico, bem como não foram observadas alterações na avaliação bioquímica, concentração de fibrinogênio e produção de EROs. O GT apresentou aumento no número de hemácias, na concentração de hemoglobina, e nos valores de hematócrito em relação aos valores basais e GC. Podemos inferir que o O3 alterou os valores de eritrócitos e melhorou as propriedades reológicas do sangue. Conclui-se que a aplicação transretal de 03 em equinos é segura e pode melhorar indiretamente a oxigenação e metabolismo dos tecidos.(AU)

Effects of transrectal medicinal ozone in horses - clinical and laboratory aspects / Efeitos do ozônio medicinal transretal em cavalos - aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais

Ozone (O3) therapy has been used for medical procedures for centuries; however, there are no extensive studies on its utilization in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the application of transrectal O3 on horses by physical and laboratorial evaluation, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sixteen healthy horses were separated in two groups: a control group (CG) and a group treated with O3 (TG). The TG animals received 1L of an oxygen and O3 mixture transrectally. The initial dose was 10µg/ml for the first two applications, 15µg/ml for the following two applications, and 20µg/ml for the next six applications. The CG animals received 1L of oxygen transrectally. In TG animals no variations in the physical examination were detected; furthermore, TG animals did not exhibit changes in biochemical evaluation results, fibrinogen concentrations, or ROS production. TG animals had increased red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentrations, and packet cell volume values in comparison to the baseline and CG values. We could infer that O3 affected the red blood cell counts and improved rhetological properties of the blood. The transrectal application of O3 in horses is safe and can indirectly improve the oxygenation and metabolism of tissues.(AU)

A utilização medicinal do ozônio (O3) é secular, contudo não existem estudos expressivos de sua utilização em equinos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação transretal de O3 em equinos por meio da avaliação física, laboratorial, e produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs). Dezesseis equinos hígidos foram separados em dois grupos: grupo controle (GC) e grupo tratado com O3 (GT). O GT recebeu por via retal 1L da mistura de oxigênio e ozônio, sendo a dose inicial de 10µg/ml por duas aplicações, 15µg/ml por mais duas aplicações e 20µg/ml por seis aplicações. O GC recebeu 1L de oxigênio via transretal. No GT não foram observadas alterações no exame físico, bem como não foram observadas alterações na avaliação bioquímica, concentração de fibrinogênio e produção de EROs. O GT apresentou aumento no número de hemácias, na concentração de hemoglobina, e nos valores de hematócrito em relação aos valores basais e GC. Podemos inferir que o O3 alterou os valores de eritrócitos e melhorou as propriedades reológicas do sangue. Conclui-se que a aplicação transretal de 03 em equinos é segura e pode melhorar indiretamente a oxigenação e metabolismo dos tecidos.(AU)

Ozonized solutions favor the repair of experimentally induced skin wounds in rats / Soluções ozonizadas favorecem o reparo de feridas cutâneas experimentalmente induzidas em ratos

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ozonized solutions on tissue wound repair in rats. Treatments consisted of ozonized water (GA), 0.9% sodium chloride (GCL), ozonized oil (GO), and 0.2% allantoin cream (GAL). The morphometric evaluation showed that wounds of the GA group presented a higher degree of retraction (p<0.05) at three and eight days of treatment (37.96 and 84.81%, respectively). Picrosirius red staining showed that groups GA and GO presented higher deposition (p<0.05) of type I collagen at 15 and 22 days of treatment, respectively. The neovascularization was higher in wounds of group GO on days 3, 8, and 15 (p<0.05), with higher VEGF immunostaining. (p<0.05). Thus, ozonized water enhances wound retraction and assists in the maturation and remodeling phase, while ozonized oil promotes higher neovascularization during tissue repair and higher deposition of type I collagen from the third week of treatment.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar os efeitos de soluções ozonizadas sobre o reparo tecidual de feridas em ratos. Foram realizados os tratamentos: água ozonizada (GA), cloreto de sódio 0,9% (GCL), óleo ozonizado (GO) e creme de alantoína 0,2% (GAL). À avaliação morfométrica, as feridas do grupo GA apresentaram maior grau de retração (p<0,05) aos três e oito dias de tratamento (37,96% e 84,81%, respectivamente). A coloração de picrosirius red mostrou que os grupos GA e GO apresentaram maior deposição (p<0,05) de colágeno do tipo I aos 15 e aos 22 dias de tratamento, respectivamente. Já a variável neovascularização foi maior (p<0,05) nas feridas do grupo GO nos dias três, oito e 15, o que fora ratificado à imunoistoquímica, com maior imunomarcação de VEGF nas feridas do grupo GO (p<0,05). Conclui-se que a água ozonizada potencializa a retração da ferida e auxilia na fase de maturação e remodelamento, enquanto o óleo ozonizado promove maior neovascularização durante o reparo tecidual e maior deposição de colágeno do tipo I a partir da terceira semana de tratamento.(AU)

Ozonized solutions favor the repair of experimentally induced skin wounds in rats / Soluções ozonizadas favorecem o reparo de feridas cutâneas experimentalmente induzidas em ratos

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ozonized solutions on tissue wound repair in rats. Treatments consisted of ozonized water (GA), 0.9% sodium chloride (GCL), ozonized oil (GO), and 0.2% allantoin cream (GAL). The morphometric evaluation showed that wounds of the GA group presented a higher degree of retraction (p<0.05) at three and eight days of treatment (37.96 and 84.81%, respectively). Picrosirius red staining showed that groups GA and GO presented higher deposition (p<0.05) of type I collagen at 15 and 22 days of treatment, respectively. The neovascularization was higher in wounds of group GO on days 3, 8, and 15 (p<0.05), with higher VEGF immunostaining. (p<0.05). Thus, ozonized water enhances wound retraction and assists in the maturation and remodeling phase, while ozonized oil promotes higher neovascularization during tissue repair and higher deposition of type I collagen from the third week of treatment.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar os efeitos de soluções ozonizadas sobre o reparo tecidual de feridas em ratos. Foram realizados os tratamentos: água ozonizada (GA), cloreto de sódio 0,9% (GCL), óleo ozonizado (GO) e creme de alantoína 0,2% (GAL). À avaliação morfométrica, as feridas do grupo GA apresentaram maior grau de retração (p<0,05) aos três e oito dias de tratamento (37,96% e 84,81%, respectivamente). A coloração de picrosirius red mostrou que os grupos GA e GO apresentaram maior deposição (p<0,05) de colágeno do tipo I aos 15 e aos 22 dias de tratamento, respectivamente. Já a variável neovascularização foi maior (p<0,05) nas feridas do grupo GO nos dias três, oito e 15, o que fora ratificado à imunoistoquímica, com maior imunomarcação de VEGF nas feridas do grupo GO (p<0,05). Conclui-se que a água ozonizada potencializa a retração da ferida e auxilia na fase de maturação e remodelamento, enquanto o óleo ozonizado promove maior neovascularização durante o reparo tecidual e maior deposição de colágeno do tipo I a partir da terceira semana de tratamento.(AU)

Ozonioterapia: um tratamento clínico em ascensão na medicina veterinária - revisão de literatura

Em 1840, Christian Friedrich Schõnbein, ao submeter água a uma descarga elétrica, sentiu um cheiro estranho, que ele chamou de ozon. O ozônio é constituído por uma molécula formada por três átomos de oxigênio. A ozonioterapia é uma técnica terapêutica utilizada há séculos, como forma de tratamento, em alguns países, a utilização do ozônio na forma de gás se deu na primeira guerra mundial, nos tratamentos degangrena gasosa. Atualmente a ozonioterapia é muito estudada e utilizada na medicina veterinária, devido ao seu baixo custo e relativa facilidade em sua aplicação comparada a outras técnicas e fármacos.(AU)

In 1840, Christian Friedrich Schõnbein, by submitting water electrical discharge, felt a strange smell, which he called ozon. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms. The ozonioterapia is a therapeutic technique used a long time, as a form of treatment in some countries, the use of ozone in the form of gas in World War I, in gas gangrene. Currently ozonioterapia is very studied and used in veterinary medicine, due to your low cost and relative ease in your application compared to other techniques and drugs.(AU)

Ozonioterapia: um tratamento clínico em ascensão na medicina veterinária - revisão de literatura

Em 1840, Christian Friedrich Schõnbein, ao submeter água a uma descarga elétrica, sentiu um cheiro estranho, que ele chamou de ozon. O ozônio é constituído por uma molécula formada por três átomos de oxigênio. A ozonioterapia é uma técnica terapêutica utilizada há séculos, como forma de tratamento, em alguns países, a utilização do ozônio na forma de gás se deu na primeira guerra mundial, nos tratamentos degangrena gasosa. Atualmente a ozonioterapia é muito estudada e utilizada na medicina veterinária, devido ao seu baixo custo e relativa facilidade em sua aplicação comparada a outras técnicas e fármacos.

In 1840, Christian Friedrich Schõnbein, by submitting water electrical discharge, felt a strange smell, which he called ozon. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms. The ozonioterapia is a therapeutic technique used a long time, as a form of treatment in some countries, the use of ozone in the form of gas in World War I, in gas gangrene. Currently ozonioterapia is very studied and used in veterinary medicine, due to your low cost and relative ease in your application compared to other techniques and drugs.

EFEITO DO GÁS OZÔNIO E DO ÓLEO DE GIRASSOL OZONIZADO NO CRESCIMENTO IN VITRO DO Pythium insidiosum CANINO

A pitiose é uma doença infecciosa granulomatosa causada pelo oomiceto aquático Pythium insidiosum. Trata-se de uma infecção crônica responsável por graves danos locais e sistêmicos. Os tratamentos convencionais possuem eficácia reduzida. Assim, a busca por terapias alternativas se faz necessária para o devido combate da doença. Neste contexto, o ozônio (O3) tem apresentado alto poder antimicrobiano frente a patógenos diversos, como fungos e bactérias. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o efeito do gás ozônio e do óleo de girassol ozonizado no crescimento in vitro do P. insidiosum isolado de cães. No Experimento 1, o patógeno foi exposto à mistura gasosa O2-O3 por períodos distintos (72 g O3 mL-1 durante 5, 15 ou 30 minutos) ou com diferentes concentrações por 30 minutos (32, 52 ou 72 gO3 mL-1 ). No Experimento 2, fragmentos de P. insidiosum foram recobertos com óleos de girassol ozonizados com índice de peróxido distintos (25, entre 400 e 500 ou 600 mmolequiv. kg-1 ). As amostras foram cultivas em Ágar Sabouraud Dextrose durante os primeiros 14 dias pós-tratamento ao logo dos quais, a área de crescimento foi mensurada digitalmente. Amostras que não apresentaram crescimento nesses foram recultivadas para avaliar a ação germicida ou germiostática do respectivo tratamento. No Experimento 1, a exposição do P. insidiosum ao gás O3 por 30 minutos apresentou ação germicida independente da concentração utilizada. Todavia, amostras do patógeno expostas ao gás O3 por tempos inferiores (15 ou 05 min) apresentaram taxa de crescimento semelhante ao grupo controle (P>0,1). No Experimento 2, o óleo de girassol ozonizado com índice de peróxido ou 600 mmol-equiv. kg-1 foi o único a inibir o crescimento do patógeno. Frente as condições experimentais do presente estudo, conclui-se que a exposição à mistura gasosa O2-O3 durante 30 minutos e ao óleo de girassol com alto índice de peróxido apresentam ação germicida frente ao P. insidiosum isolado de cães.

Pythiosis is an infectious granulomatous disease caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum. Conventional treatments have reduced effectiveness against the chronic infection, which can be responsible for local and systemic damage in several species. In this context, ozone (O3) has shown high antimicrobial action against several pathogens, such as fungi and bacteria. Threfore, the present study aimed to characterize the effect of O3 gas and ozonated sunflower oil on the in vitro growth of P. insidiosum isolated from dogs. In Experiment 1, the pathogen was exposed to the O2-O3 gas mixture for different periods (72 g O3 mL-1 for 5, 15 or 30 minutes) or with different concentrations (32, 52 or 72 gO3 mL-1 for 30 minutes). In Experiment 2, fragments of P. insidiosum were covered with ozonized sunflower oils with different peroxide index (25, between 400 and 500 or 600 mmol-equiv. Kg-1 ). The growth area of the pathogen was digitally measured during the first 14 days post-treatment. Samples with absence of grow were recultured to assess the germicidal or germiostatic action of the respective treatment. In Experiment 1, exposure of P. insidiosum to O3 gas for 30 minutes showed germicidal action regardless of the concentration. However, samples of the pathogen exposed to O3 gas for 15 or 05 min showed similar growth rate when compared to the control group (P> 0.1). In Experiment 2, ozonized sunflower oil with a peroxide index 600 mmolequiv. kg-1 inhibit the growth of the pathogen. Considering the experimental conditions of the present study, the treatment with O2-O3 gas mixture for 30 minutes or sunflower oil with a high peroxide index have a germicidal action against P. insidiosum isolated from dogs.

EFEITO DA OZONIZAÇÃO EM DISTINTAS CONCENTRAÇÕES SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO IN VITRO DE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

As infecções bacterianas são uma ocorrência clínica frequente e representam grande problema na saúde e produção animal, sendo o Staphylococcus uma das infecções mais relatadas na medicina veterinária. A ozonioterapia apresenta-se como uma importante alternativa no tratamento deste patógeno, sendo uma alternativa de fácil acesso, baixo custo e poucos efeitos colaterais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a ação bactericida do ozônio (O3) a partir da ozonização de amostras contendo bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) cultivadas in vitro. Foi realizado um teste experimental no qual sete grupos experimentais foram formados em tubos de vidro de 5mL, cada grupo com três repetições. Os grupos foram: G1 (BHI + S. aureus + ozônio na concentração de 20 g; G2 (BHI + S. aureus + ozônio na concentração de 25 g); G3 (BHI + S. aureus + ozônio na concentração de 39 g); G4 (BHI + S. aureus + ozônio na concentração de 74 g); G5 (BHI + S. aureus + 1 mL de óleo de girassol); G6 (BHI + S. aureus + 1 mL de girassol hiper ozonizado óleo); e o controle negativo G7 (BHI + S. aureus). A ozonização dos grupos que receberam ozônio na forma gasosa foi feita borbulhando ozônio através de uma agulha submersa no caldo contendo os inoculantes. Os grupos tratados com óleo receberam o substância e, em seguida, a mistura foi homogeneizada por meio de um aparelho de vórtice, em seguida, todos os tubos foram incubados em estufa bacteriológica a 35°C - 37°C por 4 horas, após o que a turbidez de todos os tubos foi lida com o auxílio de um aparato e, em seguida, as soluções de todos os tubos foram inoculadas em ágar sangue adicionado de 5% de sangue de ovelha. m incubadas em incubadora bacteriológica a 35°C - 37 °C por 24 horas e os tubos contendo as soluções foram incubados novamente. O mesmo processo foi realizado novamente após 8 horas de tratamentos. Todos os grupos apresentaram inibição do crescimento bacteriano, sendo que os grupos tratados com concentrações de 39 e 74 g e óleo hiperozonizado foram mais eficientes do que aqueles com concentrações de 20 e 25 g. Assim, a ozonioterapia mostra-se uma importante alternativa no tratamento de afecções bacterianas em animais.

Bacterial infections are a frequent clinical occurrence that represent a major problem in animal health and production, with Staphylococcus being one of the most reported infections in veterinary medicine. Ozone therapy presents itself as an important alternative in the treatment of this pathogen, being an alternative of easy access, low cost and few side effects. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the bactericidal action of ozone (O3) from the ozonation of samples containing bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) grown in vitro. An experimental test was carried out in which seven experimental groups were formed in 5mL glass tubes, each group with three replications. The groups were: G1 (BHI + S. aureus + ozone at a concentration of 20 g; G2 (BHI + S. aureus + ozone at a concentration of 25 g); G3 (BHI + S. aureus + ozone at a concentration of 39 g); G4 (BHI + S. aureus + ozone at a concentration of 74 g); G5 (BHI + S. aureus + 1 mL of sunflower oil); G6 (BHI + S. aureus + 1 mL of hyper ozonized sunflower oil); and the negative control G7 (BHI + S. aureus). The ozonation of the groups that received ozone in gaseous form was done by bubbling ozone through a needle submerged in the broth containing the inoculants. The groups treated with oil received the substance and, then, the mixture was homogenized by means of a vortex apparatus, then all tubes were incubated in a bacteriological oven at 35 ° C - 37 ° C for 4 hours, after which the turbidity of all tubes was read with the aid of an apparatus and then the solutions of all tubes were inoculated in blood agar added with 5% of sheep blood. m incubated in a bacteriological incubator at 35 ° C - 37 ° C for 24 hours and the tubes containing the solutions were incubated again. The same process was performed again after 8 hours of treatments. All groups showed inhibition of bacterial growth, and the groups treated with concentrations of 39 and 74 g and hyper ozonized oil were more efficient than those with concentrations of 20 and 25 g. Thus, ozone therapy is shown to be an important alternative in the treatment of bacterial disorders in animals.

ÓLEO DE GIRASSOL OZONIZADO FAVORECE A CICATRIZAÇÃO DE FERIDAS INDUZIDAS PELO VENENO DE LACHESIS MUTA MUTA EM RATOS WISTAR

Óleo de girassol ozonizado favorece a cicatrização de feridas induzidas pelo veneno de Lachesis Muta Muta em ratos wistar O acidente pela serpente do gênero Lachesis muta muta de ocorrência na floresta Amazônica provoca tanto efeito local como sistêmico e a gravidade na hora do atendimento depende do tempo de sua ocorrência. O antiveneno é indispensável, mas tem pouco efeitos locais, desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da dose de 1mg/Kg de veneno laquético no local da inoculação, o tratamento tópico com óleo de girassol ozonizado, associado ou não ao antiveneno em ratos. Quatro grupos de ratos (n=10 cada grupo) foram distribuídos em: controle- solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% (C); veneno + óleo de girassol ozonizado (VOZ); veneno (V); óleo de girassol ozonizado (OZ). Seis horas após aplicação do veneno os animais receberam o antiveneno. O membro inoculado foi avaliado durante 17 dias por meio de avaliação morfológica, termográfica, histológica e pela dimensão fractal (FD). O veneno provocou dor, edema, inflamação, úlcera, crosta e necrose, hipotermia local no segundo dia e redução das áreas de maior temperatura para os grupos V e VOZ. No grupo VOZ houve redução da dor, úlcera, crosta, necrose e menor infiltrado inflamatório; o colágeno na FD foi maior para os grupos V, seguido do VOZ e OZ. Conclui-se que o veneno de Lachesis muta muta na dose de 1mg/Kg causa severos efeitos locais no membro inoculado, o óleo de girassol ozonizado favorece a reparação destes efeitos e não causa reação adversa local.

Ozonized sunflower oil encourages the healing of wounds induced by Lachesis muta muta poison in wistar rats The accident by the snake of the genus Lachesis muta muta occurring in the Amazon rainforest causes both local and systemic effects and the severity at the time of care depends on the time of its occurrence. Antivenom is indispensable, but has little local effects, therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the dose of 1mg/Kg of laquetic poison at the inoculation site, topical treatment with ozonated sunflower oil, associated or not to antivenom in rats. Four groups of rats (n = 10 each group) were distributed in: control - 0.9% sodium chloride solution (C); poison + ozonized sunflower oil (VOZ); poison (V); ozonized sunflower oil (OZ). Six hours after application of the poison, the animals received the antivenom. The inoculated limb was evaluated for 17 days by means of morphological, thermographic, histological and fractal dimension (FD) evaluation. The poison caused pain, edema, inflammation, ulcer, crust and necrosis, local hypothermia on the second day and reduced areas of higher temperature for groups V and VOZ. In the VOZ group there was a reduction in pain, ulcer, crust, necrosis and less inflammatory infiltrate; collagen in FD was higher for groups V, followed by VOZ and OZ. It is concluded that the poison of Lachesis muta muta at a dose of 1mg/Kg causes severe local effects on the inoculated limb, ozonated sunflower oil favors the repair of these effects and does not cause a local adverse reaction.

Comparison of intramammary ozone administration doses in dairy cows with clinical mastitis

Background: Mastitis is an economically important disease leading cost associated problems. The most accurate relationship between intramammary infection and somatic cell count (SCC) can be evaluated at quarter level when SCC exceeds 100.000 cells/mL. In subclinical mastitis, pathogens do not cause enough disruption in the alveolar tissue to be seen in the milk but SCC increase indicates the infected milk. Ozone (O3 ) is an unstable polymerized oxygen created by the passage of air or oxygen over high energy electrodes within an ozone generator system or by ultraviolet light. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment efficacy of ozone (O3 ) insufflation daily via latex free syringe in different doses (30-60-70 µg/mL) and high dose O3 insufflation (70 µg/mL) with combination of antibiotic and only antibiotic treatment in dairy cows with clinical mastitis.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 32 lactating cows with clinical signs of mastitis whom had got 79 infected mammary quarters were used for the study. Mastitis was diagnosed by typical clinical symptoms of the mammary gland and general clinical symptoms of systemic infection. California mastitis test (CMT) was performed to all quarters and recorded before the treatment. Somatic cell count (SCC) of each milk sample of the infected quarters was recorded before the treatment. Microbiological examination was conducted on aseptically collected milk samples from infected quarters before the treatment. Ozone insufflation was applied daily in different doses (30, 60 and 70 µg/mL) intramammary via latex free 100 mL syringe every day for one week and only antibiotic was administered intramuscularly to the mastitic cows for 5 days and high dose ozone insufflation (70 µg/mL) with combination of antibiotic therapy after milking of the animals. On day 8; CMT and SCC were repeated to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments on the milk samples.[...](AU)

AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE LAVAGEM UTERINA COM SOLUÇÃO FISIOLÓGICA OZONIZADA EM ÉGUAS

Diante da prevalência e importância das endometrites nos sistemas de reprodução de equinos, as alternativas para tratamento desta patologia são muito estudadas. Este estudo foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito antiinflamatório da lavagem uterina com solução fisiológica ozonizada no endométrio. Trinta e três éguas com baixo escore reprodutivo foram submetidas aos exames de citologia e histologia endometrial, previamente e três dias após os tratamentos que consistiam em lavagem uterina com solução fisiológica (n=10) como tratamento controle (TC) ou com solução fisiológica ozonizada (n=23) (TO). O grau de inflamação foi determinado pela alteração na contagem de neutrófilos polimorfonucleares (PMNs). Comparando-se os dados obtidos nos exames de citologia endometrial pré e pós tratamento, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (p=0,3301), no tratamento TC 50% dos animais apresentaram melhora no quadro e no TO 47,83%. Entretanto, de acordo com a avaliação histológica, constatou-se que as éguas tratadas com solução salina ozonizada obtiveram diminuição (p<0,0001) da contagem média de PMNs (1,16 ±0,45) quando comparadas com as éguas que receberam TC (3,54±1,29). Portanto, esta modalidade de tratamento pode ser utilizada em animais portadores de endometrite clínica e subclínica, e na rotina de doadoras de embrião susceptíveis a endometrite pós cobertura persistente, diminuindo assim o uso de antimicrobianos.

In view of the prevalence and importance of endometritis in equine breeding systems, the alternatives for treating this pathology are widely studied. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of uterine lavage with ozonized saline solution on the endometrium. Thirty-three mares with low reproductive score were submitted to cytology and endometrial histology exams, previously and three days after treatments that consisted of uterine lavage with saline solution (n = 10) as a control treatment (TC) or with ozonized saline solution ( n = 23) (TO). The degree of inflammation was determined by the change in the count of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Comparing the data obtained in the endometrial cytology exams before and after treatment, there was no difference between treatments (p = 0.3301), in the TC treatment 50% of the animals showed improvement in the condition and in the TO 47.83%. However, according to the histological evaluation, it was found that the mares treated with ozonated saline obtained a decrease (p <0.0001) in the mean PMN count (1.16 ± 0.45) when compared to the mares that received CT (3.54 ± 1.29). In conclusion, this treatment modality can be used in animals with clinical and subclinical endometritis, and in the routine of embryo donors susceptible to persistent mating induced endometritis, decreasing the use of antimicrobials.

Comparison of intramammary ozone administration doses in dairy cows with clinical mastitis

Background: Mastitis is an economically important disease leading cost associated problems. The most accurate relationship between intramammary infection and somatic cell count (SCC) can be evaluated at quarter level when SCC exceeds 100.000 cells/mL. In subclinical mastitis, pathogens do not cause enough disruption in the alveolar tissue to be seen in the milk but SCC increase indicates the infected milk. Ozone (O3 ) is an unstable polymerized oxygen created by the passage of air or oxygen over high energy electrodes within an ozone generator system or by ultraviolet light. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment efficacy of ozone (O3 ) insufflation daily via latex free syringe in different doses (30-60-70 µg/mL) and high dose O3 insufflation (70 µg/mL) with combination of antibiotic and only antibiotic treatment in dairy cows with clinical mastitis.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 32 lactating cows with clinical signs of mastitis whom had got 79 infected mammary quarters were used for the study. Mastitis was diagnosed by typical clinical symptoms of the mammary gland and general clinical symptoms of systemic infection. California mastitis test (CMT) was performed to all quarters and recorded before the treatment. Somatic cell count (SCC) of each milk sample of the infected quarters was recorded before the treatment. Microbiological examination was conducted on aseptically collected milk samples from infected quarters before the treatment. Ozone insufflation was applied daily in different doses (30, 60 and 70 µg/mL) intramammary via latex free 100 mL syringe every day for one week and only antibiotic was administered intramuscularly to the mastitic cows for 5 days and high dose ozone insufflation (70 µg/mL) with combination of antibiotic therapy after milking of the animals. On day 8; CMT and SCC were repeated to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments on the milk samples.[...]