Resumo
Aiming to produce clone embryos from brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and to evaluatetheir in vitro development, bovine oocytes were used as cytoplasts. Fibroblasts from brown brocket deer andbovine were used as carioplasts. After 20-22 hours of in vitro maturation the oocytes were denuded and thenenucleated. Embryos were reconstructed and then activated using ionomycin-DMAP protocol. The reconstructedembryos were cultured for seven days (38.5°C with 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2) and the differences betweeniSCNT (deer-bovine) and SCNT (bovine-bovine) development rates were compared by unpaired t test (p <0.05).No differences were observed in the cleavage (65.5% and 72.8%) and blastocyst (11.3% and 5.9%) rates toiSCNT and SCNT embryos, respectively. In conclusion, bovine oocytes may be used in brown brocket deerconservation programs through iSCNT technique.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cervus brasilicus , Cervos/embriologia , Técnicas de Transferência Nuclear/veterinária , Células ClonaisResumo
Aiming to produce clone embryos from brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and to evaluatetheir in vitro development, bovine oocytes were used as cytoplasts. Fibroblasts from brown brocket deer andbovine were used as carioplasts. After 20-22 hours of in vitro maturation the oocytes were denuded and thenenucleated. Embryos were reconstructed and then activated using ionomycin-DMAP protocol. The reconstructedembryos were cultured for seven days (38.5°C with 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2) and the differences betweeniSCNT (deer-bovine) and SCNT (bovine-bovine) development rates were compared by unpaired t test (p <0.05).No differences were observed in the cleavage (65.5% and 72.8%) and blastocyst (11.3% and 5.9%) rates toiSCNT and SCNT embryos, respectively. In conclusion, bovine oocytes may be used in brown brocket deerconservation programs through iSCNT technique.
Assuntos
Animais , Cervos/embriologia , Cervus brasilicus , Técnicas de Transferência Nuclear/veterinária , Células ClonaisResumo
La presente revisión busca mostrar la amplia variabilidad que hay en los patrones reproductivos de diversas especies de cérvidos, lo que se vincula con la diversidad de hábitats y condiciones en que han evolucionado las mismas. Se presenta información sobre los factores que determinan la estacionalidad reproductiva, y por tanto como varía esta entre diferentes especies, la ciclicidad de las hembras, y su gestación. A su vez, se incluye información sobre los patrones reproductivos del venado de campo (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), una especie en peligro de extinción que habita el cono sur de Sudamérica. El conocimiento sobre la biología reproductiva de la misma es reciente, habiéndose determinado el patrón estacional de hembras y machos, descrito la anatomía reproductiva en ambos sexos, algunos aspectos del control del desarrollo de las astas, el comportamiento reproductivo, como la presencia de hembras influye sobre la fisiología reproductiva de los machos, el establecimiento y la evolución del vínculo entre la madre y la cría, el desarrollo de técnicas de colección de semen, y las principales características del mismo.(AU)
The present review aims to show the high diversity on the reproductive patterns of different deer species, which is related to the conditions in which each species evolved. The review includes information on the different seasonal reproductive patterns and how are them determined, female cyclic activity, and gestation patterns. Moreover, there is original information on the reproductive patterns of pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), an endangered species that inhabits the southern cone of South America. Recently, the seasonal pattern in males and females, the males and females reproductive anatomy, some main influences on antler development, main behavioral patterns, the influence of female presence on males reproductive status, the establishment of the mother-young bond, and how it evolves, the development of techniques for semen collection, and the main seminal characteristics are summarized.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cervos/embriologia , Cervos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ciclo Estral/fisiologiaResumo
La presente revisión busca mostrar la amplia variabilidad que hay en los patrones reproductivos de diversas especies de cérvidos, lo que se vincula con la diversidad de hábitats y condiciones en que han evolucionado las mismas. Se presenta información sobre los factores que determinan la estacionalidad reproductiva, y por tanto como varía esta entre diferentes especies, la ciclicidad de las hembras, y su gestación. A su vez, se incluye información sobre los patrones reproductivos del venado de campo (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), una especie en peligro de extinción que habita el cono sur de Sudamérica. El conocimiento sobre la biología reproductiva de la misma es reciente, habiéndose determinado el patrón estacional de hembras y machos, descrito la anatomía reproductiva en ambos sexos, algunos aspectos del control del desarrollo de las astas, el comportamiento reproductivo, como la presencia de hembras influye sobre la fisiología reproductiva de los machos, el establecimiento y la evolución del vínculo entre la madre y la cría, el desarrollo de técnicas de colección de semen, y las principales características del mismo.
The present review aims to show the high diversity on the reproductive patterns of different deer species, which is related to the conditions in which each species evolved. The review includes information on the different seasonal reproductive patterns and how are them determined, female cyclic activity, and gestation patterns. Moreover, there is original information on the reproductive patterns of pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), an endangered species that inhabits the southern cone of South America. Recently, the seasonal pattern in males and females, the males and females reproductive anatomy, some main influences on antler development, main behavioral patterns, the influence of female presence on males reproductive status, the establishment of the mother-young bond, and how it evolves, the development of techniques for semen collection, and the main seminal characteristics are summarized.