Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) with bacterial clinical stomatitis

Background: Stomatitis is an infectious disease common in serpents and responsible for high mortality rates. It is characterized by the infection of the oral mucosa and neighboring tissues, related to the opportunistic character of bacteria presentin the normal microbiota, pathogenic in stressful situations. Few studies have described the profile of sensibility of theseagents in serpents of the Brazilian fauna. Therefore, this study has aimed at describing the isolation and identification ofthe infectious agents involved in the clinic stomatitis in a specimen of green anaconda (Eunectes murinus), and the profileof sensibility and resistance to antimicrobial agents.Case: The serpent has been rescued in an urban environment, without previous records and featured erosive injuries inits oral cavity, with the presence of secretion. In a clinical evaluation, it has been assessed that the specimen had erosiveinjuries in its oral cavity, with hyperemic points in its mucosa and serous secretion. Then the specimen went through acollection of the secretion from its oral cavity for microbiological analysis. Typical colonies of Enterococcus, Citrobacterand Enterobacter were identified by the colony morphology and their typical odor. The results of these tests were able toconfirm and identify the Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter and Enterococcus species. The profile of sensibility to antimicrobials of the isolated microorganisms has been determined through the method of diffusion in the disk of Kirby-Bauer.There was not any sensitive antimicrobial for the three agents. For treatment, based on the antimicrobial profile presented,was used Ciprofloxacin® associated to daily washings with solution of chlorhexidine 0.12% for 10 days. Clinical cure wasobserved at the end of this treatment.Discussion: Despite the high frequency of this disease...

Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) with bacterial clinical stomatitis

Background: Stomatitis is an infectious disease common in serpents and responsible for high mortality rates. It is characterized by the infection of the oral mucosa and neighboring tissues, related to the opportunistic character of bacteria presentin the normal microbiota, pathogenic in stressful situations. Few studies have described the profile of sensibility of theseagents in serpents of the Brazilian fauna. Therefore, this study has aimed at describing the isolation and identification ofthe infectious agents involved in the clinic stomatitis in a specimen of green anaconda (Eunectes murinus), and the profileof sensibility and resistance to antimicrobial agents.Case: The serpent has been rescued in an urban environment, without previous records and featured erosive injuries inits oral cavity, with the presence of secretion. In a clinical evaluation, it has been assessed that the specimen had erosiveinjuries in its oral cavity, with hyperemic points in its mucosa and serous secretion. Then the specimen went through acollection of the secretion from its oral cavity for microbiological analysis. Typical colonies of Enterococcus, Citrobacterand Enterobacter were identified by the colony morphology and their typical odor. The results of these tests were able toconfirm and identify the Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter and Enterococcus species. The profile of sensibility to antimicrobials of the isolated microorganisms has been determined through the method of diffusion in the disk of Kirby-Bauer.There was not any sensitive antimicrobial for the three agents. For treatment, based on the antimicrobial profile presented,was used Ciprofloxacin® associated to daily washings with solution of chlorhexidine 0.12% for 10 days. Clinical cure wasobserved at the end of this treatment.Discussion: Despite the high frequency of this disease...(AU)

Optimization of biodegradable plastic production on sugar cane molasses in Enterobacter sp. SEL2

Contaminated environments have a large number of bacteria which can accumulate PHA as their energy reserves. Out of 54 isolated bacterial strains from three groups of contaminated sites 48 were found PHA positive. The sites were grouped on the basis of the type of carbon sources i.e. sugars, fatty acids and much diverse type. Strains MFD5, MFD11, UML3, USL2, SEL2, SEL3, SEL10 and PFW1 produced 69.9 ± 0.29, 75.27 ± 0.45, 65.43 ± 0.1, 72.54 ± 0.27, 76.61 ± 0.28, 61.81 ± 0.05, 71.16 ± 0.09 and 74.92 ± 0.5 percent of PHA to their constant cell weight (CCW) respectively in PHA detection media supplemented with 2% glucose. Molasses, whey, crumbs hydrolysate and palm oil were checked as inexpensive carbon sources. Molasses alone could supply the required nutrients for growth and PHA production. Strain SEL2 produced 47.36 ± 0.45% PHA using 2% molasses at 37 °C and pH 7.0. Upon production optimization the best accumulation (80.95 ± 0.01%) was observed in PHA detection media with 0.2% nitrogen source, 3% molasses, pH 5.0 and 37 °C by the strain SEL2. The overall effect of the presence of increased molasses concentration in the media was positive it increased the accumulation period till 72 h. Enterobacter sp. SEL2 (JF901810) is first time being reported for PHA production.

Avaliação do desenvolvimento microbiano em superfície de manipulação de alimentos / Evaluation of microbial development in the area of food handling

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a contaminação microbiológica de tábuas de corte utilizadas no preparo de alimentos, em restaurantes e churrascarias comerciais do município de Santo André SP. Para a análise microbiológica, foram colhidas amostras na superfície lisa (frente e verso) das tábuas de corte de alimentos, feitas com materiais de madeira e de polietileno. Foi elaborado um questionário para analisar se os proprietários dos estabelecimentos conheciam o programa de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC). Os resultados (tábua de carne) mostraram contaminações pelos seguintes microrganismos: Enterobacter, Proteus sp., Klebsiella, Yersinia, Citrobacter e Escherichia coli. Com esse resultado, conclui-se que nos estabelecimentos de alimentação coletiva, devem ser ministrados programas de educação em saúde, tanto aos proprietários quanto aos funcionários. Não se deve esquecer a importância da boa qualidade da matéria-prima, da higiene das instalações e utensílios e, principalmente, dos métodos de preparo e conservação dos alimentos. Se os estabelecimentos de refeições coletivas pesquisadas estivessem inseridos dentro desse contexto, não ocorreriam as contaminações pelos microorganismos encontrados na pesquisa.(AU)

The objective of this work is to evaluate the microbiological contamination of used boards of cut in the food preparation, in commercial restaurants churrascarias of the city of Santo André. The samples had been harvested in 10 places. For the microbiological analysis, samples in the smooth surface (duplex) of the boards of food cut had been harvested, made with materials wooden and of polietileno. It was elaborated a questionnaire to analyze if the proprietors of the establishments they knew program APPCC. The relative results to the studied utensils (meal board) had shown contaminations for the following microrganismos: Enterobacter, Proyours sp., Klebsiella, Yersinia, Citrobacter and Escherichia coli. With this result, as much to the proprietors how much to the employees is concluded that in the establishments of collective feeding, programs of education in health must be given. Not forgetting the importance the good quality of the raw material, the hygiene them installations and utensils, and, mainly, them methods of preparation and conservation them foods. If the searched establishments of collective meals were made entire inside about this context, would not occur the contaminations for the microorganism found in this research. (AU)