Chylothorax associated with subcutaneous cellulitis caused by chylous fluid leakage in a dog

Background: Chylothorax is the accumulation of lymphatic fluid associated with molecules coming from digestion process(chyle) in the thorax. In this case report, we describe a canine patient with chylothorax that presented with an unusualclinical presentation: subcutaneous swelling due to chylous fluid leakage through the thoracic inlet.Case: A 4-year-old spayed female canine, Giant Schnauzer, presented to the Ontario Veterinary College Health SciencesCentre for evaluation and treatment of bilateral subcutaneous masses and edema on the ventral thorax. The patient wasoriginally evaluated by the primary care veterinarian and aspiration and cytology of the masses resulted in a large volumeof fluid with low cellularity, lightly basophilic. Due to the appearance of the fluid, triglyceride levels were performed andwas 7.95 mmol/L while the peripheral level was 0.5 mmol/L (ref: 0.2-1.3 mmol/L). Based on the cytology and triglyceridelevels, chylous fluid was suspected to be the cause of the swelling and edema. Over the following 10 months, the swellingprogressed to bilateral tumors of approximately 15 cm in the lateral thorax and surrounding edematous tissues on the ventralthorax. The patient was referred for evaluation. On presentation the patient was normal aside from the described thoracicswellings and decreased lung sounds on auscultation. Thoracic ultrasound revealed bilateral pleural effusion. Thoracentesisresulted in approximately 1,200 mL of chylous fluid. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) and lymphangiography throughpopliteal injection revealed bilaterally in the soft tissues of the axillary regions, and extending along the right thoracic wall,a moderate amount of fluid dense material. The lymphangiogram revealed two sites of rupture of lymphatic vessels, inthe caudal thorax (right sided), and in the cranial mediastinum/right thoracic inlet. Based on the findings, a video-assistedthoracic duct ligation and cisterna chyli ablation were...(AU)

Chylothorax associated with subcutaneous cellulitis caused by chylous fluid leakage in a dog

Background: Chylothorax is the accumulation of lymphatic fluid associated with molecules coming from digestion process(chyle) in the thorax. In this case report, we describe a canine patient with chylothorax that presented with an unusualclinical presentation: subcutaneous swelling due to chylous fluid leakage through the thoracic inlet.Case: A 4-year-old spayed female canine, Giant Schnauzer, presented to the Ontario Veterinary College Health SciencesCentre for evaluation and treatment of bilateral subcutaneous masses and edema on the ventral thorax. The patient wasoriginally evaluated by the primary care veterinarian and aspiration and cytology of the masses resulted in a large volumeof fluid with low cellularity, lightly basophilic. Due to the appearance of the fluid, triglyceride levels were performed andwas 7.95 mmol/L while the peripheral level was 0.5 mmol/L (ref: 0.2-1.3 mmol/L). Based on the cytology and triglyceridelevels, chylous fluid was suspected to be the cause of the swelling and edema. Over the following 10 months, the swellingprogressed to bilateral tumors of approximately 15 cm in the lateral thorax and surrounding edematous tissues on the ventralthorax. The patient was referred for evaluation. On presentation the patient was normal aside from the described thoracicswellings and decreased lung sounds on auscultation. Thoracic ultrasound revealed bilateral pleural effusion. Thoracentesisresulted in approximately 1,200 mL of chylous fluid. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) and lymphangiography throughpopliteal injection revealed bilaterally in the soft tissues of the axillary regions, and extending along the right thoracic wall,a moderate amount of fluid dense material. The lymphangiogram revealed two sites of rupture of lymphatic vessels, inthe caudal thorax (right sided), and in the cranial mediastinum/right thoracic inlet. Based on the findings, a video-assistedthoracic duct ligation and cisterna chyli ablation were...

Uterine lymphangiography: comparison of two methods for locating the medial iliac lymph node / Linfangiografia uterina: comparação de dois métodos para localização do linfonodo ilíaco medial

Different methods for lymphatic mapping in dogs, such as infusing tissues with vital dyes or radioactive substances, have been studied, aiming at the early detection of lymph node metastasis. Thus, one could anticipate therapeutic measures and, consequently, prolong the survival and improve the quality of life of the patients. The objectives of this experiment were to locate the nodes responsible for draining the uterine body and horns and to try to establish the relationship between the uterus and the medial iliac lymph nodes to contribute to the early diagnosis and prognosis of uterine disorders. We studied 15 female dogs divided into two groups (5 dead and 10 intraoperative ovariohysterectomy bitches). The dye used was patent blue V (Patent Bleu V®). It was observed that the iliac lymph node chain receives much of the uterine (horns) drainage. This method should be considered for safer studies of uterine sanity. This information suggests that evaluating these lymph nodes will allow correlating changes in their physiological status with uterine pathologies.(AU)

A utilização de diferentes métodos para o mapeamento linfático em cães, como a infusão de substâncias radioativas e corantes vitais em tecidos, tem sido estudada, tendo como objetivo a detecção precoce de metástases em linfonodos. Com isso pode-se antecipar medidas terapêuticas e, consequentemente, prolongar sobrevida e melhorar qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Os objetivos deste experimento foram localizar os linfonodos responsáveis pela drenagem dos cornos e corpo uterino da cadela e tentar estabelecer relação entre útero e linfonodos ilíacos mediais com a finalidade de contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce e prognóstico das afecções uterinas. Foram estudadas 15 cadelas divididas em 2 grupos (5 cadáveres e 10 cadelas no transoperatório de ovariohisterectomia). O corante utilizado foi o azul patente V (Bleu Patente®). Pôde-se observar que a cadeia de linfonodos ilíacos recebe grande parte da drenagem uterina (cornos) e pode ser considerada em estudos para a sanidade deste órgão. Essa informação permite inferir que a avaliação desses linfonodos possibilita a correlação da alteração em seu padrão fisiológico com patologias uterinas.(AU)

Uterine lymphangiography: comparison of two methods for locating the medial iliac lymph node / Linfangiografia uterina: comparação de dois métodos para localização do linfonodo ilíaco medial

Different methods for lymphatic mapping in dogs, such as infusing tissues with vital dyes or radioactive substances, have been studied, aiming at the early detection of lymph node metastasis. Thus, one could anticipate therapeutic measures and, consequently, prolong the survival and improve the quality of life of the patients. The objectives of this experiment were to locate the nodes responsible for draining the uterine body and horns and to try to establish the relationship between the uterus and the medial iliac lymph nodes to contribute to the early diagnosis and prognosis of uterine disorders. We studied 15 female dogs divided into two groups (5 dead and 10 intraoperative ovariohysterectomy bitches). The dye used was patent blue V (Patent Bleu V®). It was observed that the iliac lymph node chain receives much of the uterine (horns) drainage. This method should be considered for safer studies of uterine sanity. This information suggests that evaluating these lymph nodes will allow correlating changes in their physiological status with uterine pathologies.(AU)

A utilização de diferentes métodos para o mapeamento linfático em cães, como a infusão de substâncias radioativas e corantes vitais em tecidos, tem sido estudada, tendo como objetivo a detecção precoce de metástases em linfonodos. Com isso pode-se antecipar medidas terapêuticas e, consequentemente, prolongar sobrevida e melhorar qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Os objetivos deste experimento foram localizar os linfonodos responsáveis pela drenagem dos cornos e corpo uterino da cadela e tentar estabelecer relação entre útero e linfonodos ilíacos mediais com a finalidade de contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce e prognóstico das afecções uterinas. Foram estudadas 15 cadelas divididas em 2 grupos (5 cadáveres e 10 cadelas no transoperatório de ovariohisterectomia). O corante utilizado foi o azul patente V (Bleu Patente®). Pôde-se observar que a cadeia de linfonodos ilíacos recebe grande parte da drenagem uterina (cornos) e pode ser considerada em estudos para a sanidade deste órgão. Essa informação permite inferir que a avaliação desses linfonodos possibilita a correlação da alteração em seu padrão fisiológico com patologias uterinas.(AU)