Lobectomia total como tratamento de hemangiossarcoma hepático em um cão - relato de caso / Total lobectomy as treatment of hepatic hemangiosarcoma in a dog - case report / Lobectomía total como tratamiento de hemangiosarcoma hepático en un perro - reporte de caso

O hemangiossarcoma é uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna agressiva com elevada taxa de morbidade e de mortalidade em cães e gatos; que se desenvolve mais frequentemente em baço, fígado, coração, ossos além de poder manifestar metástases regionais. O presente relato tem por objetivo descrever um caso de um canino diagnosticado com hemangiossarcoma hepático em lobo caudado submetido a uma lobectomia total. A técnica cirúrgica consistiu na utilização da sutura de guilhotina modificada na base do lobo acometido utilizando fio de polidioxanona e, com o auxílio de um bisturi elétrico unipolar, e respeitando o distanciamento de 0,5 cm da sutura, foi realizada a lobectomia. Após a remoção do lobo, foi fixada uma esponja hemostática de colágeno na região da incisão como forma de auxílio no controle hemorrágico. Foi indicado também a realização de tratamento quimioterápico adjuvante, entretanto o tutor do animal optou pela não realização da mesma. Ainda assim, o paciente do presente relato obteve uma boa resposta ao procedimento, e o tutor ficou muito satisfeito, relatando que houve uma grande melhora na qualidade de vida do animal e que ele não sentia mais dor, voltando a ter o seu comportamento habitual.(AU)

Hemangiosarcoma is an aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with a high rate of morbidity and mortality in dogs and cats; which develops more frequently in the spleen, liver, heart, bones, in addition to being able to manifest regional metastases. The present report aims to describe a case of a canine diagnosed with hepatic hemangiosarcoma in the caudate lobe submitted to a total lobectomy. The surgical technique consisted of using a modified guillotine suture at the base of the affected lobe using polydioxanone thread and, with the aid of a unipolar electric scalpel, and respecting the distance of 0.5 cm from the suture, lobectomy was performed. After removing the lobe, a hemostatic collagen sponge was fixed in the region of the incision as an aid in hemorrhagic control. Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment was also indicated, however the animal's tutor chose not to perform it. Even so, the patient in the present report had a good response to the procedure, and the tutor was very satisfied, reporting that there was a great improvement in the animal's quality of life and that he no longer felt pain, returning to his usual behavior.(AU)

El hemangiosarcoma es una neoplasia mesenquimatosa maligna agresiva con una alta tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad en perros y gatos; la cual se desarrolla con mayor frecuencia en bazo, hígado, corazón, huesos, además de poder manifestar metástasis regionales. El presente reporte tiene como objetivo describir un caso de un canino con diagnóstico de hemangiosarcoma hepático en el lóbulo caudado sometido a una lobectomía total. La técnica quirúrgica consistió en utilizar una sutura de guillotina modificada en la base del lóbulo afectado con hilo de polidioxanona y, con la ayuda de un bisturí eléctrico unipolar, y respetando la distancia de 0,5 cm de la sutura, se realizó la lobectomía. Después de retirar el lóbulo, se fijó una esponja hemostática de colágeno en la región de la incisión como ayuda para el control hemorrágico. También se indicó tratamiento de quimioterapia adyuvante, sin embargo el tutor del animal optó por no realizarlo. Aun así, el paciente del presente reporte tuvo una buena respuesta al procedimiento, y el tutor quedó muy satisfecho, informando que hubo una gran mejoría en la calidad de vida del animal y que ya no sintió dolor, volviendo a su comportamiento habitual.(AU)

Comparative study of four different types of intraperitoneal mesh prostheses in rats

Purpose: To compare four types of mesh regarding visceral adhesions, inflammatory response and incorporation. Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were divided into four groups, with different meshes implanted intraperitoneally: polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE group); polypropylene with polydioxanone and oxidized cellulose (PCD); polypropylene (PM) and polypropylene with silicone (PMS). The variables analyzed were: area covered by adhesions, incorporation of the mesh and inflammatory reaction (evaluated histologically and by COX2 immunochemistry). Results: The PMS group had the lowest adhesion area (63.1%) and grade 1 adhesions. The ePTFE and PM groups presented almost the total area of their surface covered by adherences (99.8% and 97.7% respectively).The group ePTFE had the highest percentage of area without incorporation (42%; p <0.001) with no difference between the other meshes. The PMS group had the best incorporation rate. And the histological analysis revealed that the inflammation scores were significantly different. Conclusions: The PM mesh had higher density of adherences, larger area of adherences, adherences to organs and percentage of incorporation. ePTFE had the higher area of adherences and lower incorporation. The PMS mesh performed best in the inflammation score, had a higher incorporation and lower area of adherences, and it was considered the best type of mesh.(AU)

Ilium-femoral suture technique using wire of polydioxanone for hip joint stabilization in a dog with traumatic hip dislocation / Técnica de sutura ílio-femoral com fio de polidioxanona para estabilização da articulação coxofemoral em cão com luxação coxofemoral traumática

Background: The hip dislocation is the most common traumatic dislocation in dogs. Surgical treatment has better results, but there is still no consensus on the best technique. This study aims to report a case of traumatic hip dislocation in a dog, in which case it was decided by extra-articular stabilization, using absorbable monofilament wire of Polydioxanone, through implementing the Ilium-Femoral Suture Technique. This surgical thread is composed of a poly dioxanone polymer and differs from polyglycolic acid and polyglactin 910 by being a monofilament. The surgical technique consists of making a tunnel in the ileum body, in dorsolateral-ventromedial direction and another in the greater trochanter, in the caudally skull. The stabilization is achieved using one or more sutures standard 8, passing through the two tunnels. The vast majority of published works on the subject, reports the use of non-absorbable wires, such as surgical nylon or polyamide in the making of this type of suture, justifying the relevance of this report. Case: A Belgian Malinois breed dog of 2.5-year-old, female, was treated at a private clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, with trauma history by trampling. The patient had lack of member support and maintenance of the same in external rotation. General anesthesia of the patient, with 5 mg.kg-1 of Propofol (Propovan®), preceded by the [...]

Ilium-femoral suture technique using wire of polydioxanone for hip joint stabilization in a dog with traumatic hip dislocation / Técnica de sutura ílio-femoral com fio de polidioxanona para estabilização da articulação coxofemoral em cão com luxação coxofemoral traumática

Background: The hip dislocation is the most common traumatic dislocation in dogs. Surgical treatment has better results, but there is still no consensus on the best technique. This study aims to report a case of traumatic hip dislocation in a dog, in which case it was decided by extra-articular stabilization, using absorbable monofilament wire of Polydioxanone, through implementing the Ilium-Femoral Suture Technique. This surgical thread is composed of a poly dioxanone polymer and differs from polyglycolic acid and polyglactin 910 by being a monofilament. The surgical technique consists of making a tunnel in the ileum body, in dorsolateral-ventromedial direction and another in the greater trochanter, in the caudally skull. The stabilization is achieved using one or more sutures standard 8, passing through the two tunnels. The vast majority of published works on the subject, reports the use of non-absorbable wires, such as surgical nylon or polyamide in the making of this type of suture, justifying the relevance of this report. Case: A Belgian Malinois breed dog of 2.5-year-old, female, was treated at a private clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, with trauma history by trampling. The patient had lack of member support and maintenance of the same in external rotation. General anesthesia of the patient, with 5 mg.kg-1 of Propofol (Propovan®), preceded by the [...](AU)

RESPOSTA INFLAMATÓRIA E RESISTÊNCIA MECÂNICA DA PAREDE ABDOMINAL DE RATAS APÓS LAPARORRAFIA COM FIO DE QUITOSANA

Os materiais à base de quitosana são uma classe em desenvolvimento por possuírem excelentes características para utilização nas ciências biomédicas. Em relação ao fio de quitosana, poucas pesquisas foram realizadas e não há estudos que avaliaram sua resposta à inflamação sistêmica e à resistência mecânica. Diante disso, a presente tese tem por objetivo analisar, em ratas adultas submetidas à laparorrafia com fio de quitosana, as possíveis reações inflamatórias sistêmicas, por meio da análise eletroforética em gel de poliacrilamida (SDSPAGE) e sua relação com os achados hematológicos e bioquímicos. Além disso, investigar a resistência mecânica da parede abdominal, as prováveis alterações inflamatórias locais e a formação do colágeno, por meio das análises tensiométrica e histopatológica. Para tal, 54 ratas adultas (Rattus norvegicus) foram divididas em três grupos, basal (sem cirurgia), quitosana e polidioxanona (padrão ouro), avaliados com três, sete, 14 e 21 dias póslaparorrafia. O resultado foi que os fios de quitosana e polidiaxonona possuem comportamentos semelhantes na resposta inflamatória sistêmica e local, apesar do fio de polidioxanona ter resposta mais intensa. Na avaliação de resistência, também apresentaram resultados semelhantes, sendo que com a polidioxanona, a resistência foi melhor no vigésimo primeiro dia, tendo como conclusão que o fio de quitosana, apesar do pequeno número de pesquisas realizadas, é um fio promissor. Com isso, abrem-se perspectivas para a utilização do fio de quitosana em cirurgias na medicina veterinária. Todavia, por tratar-se de um novo produto, outros estudos devem ser realizados, mesmo que em áreas distintas, bem como, em outras espécies/ tecidos e em diferentes períodos de avaliação.

Chitosan based materials are a class in development because they possess excellent characteristics for use in the biomedical sciences. Regarding chitosan suture, few studies have been performed and no studies have evaluated its response to systemic inflammation and mechanical resistance. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the possible systemic inflammatory reactions in adult rats subjected to laparorrhaphy with chitosan suture by means of the electrophoretic analysis of polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE) and its relation with the hematological findings and biochemical. In addition, investigate the mechanical resistance of the abdominal wall, the probable local inflammatory changes and the formation of collagen, through the tensiometric and histopathological analyzes. To that end, 54 adult rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into three groups, basel group (without surgery), chitosan and polydioxanone (gold standard), evaluated at three, seven, 14 and 21 days after laparorrhaphy. The result was that the chitosan and polydiaxonone wires have similar behaviors in the systemic and local inflammatory response, although the polydioxanone thread has a more intense response. In the evaluation of resistance, they also presented similar results, and with polydioxanone, resistance was better on the twenty-first day, with the conclusion that chitosan suture, despite the small number of researches, is a promising thread. With this, perspectives are opened for the use of chitosan suture in surgeries in veterinary medicine. However, as this is a new product, other studies should be carried out, even in different areas, as well as in other species / tissues and at different evaluation periods.

Sutura arterial com técnicas contínua e de pontos separados, utilizando-se os fios polipropilene e polidioxanone: estudo experimental em coelhos

PURPOSE: To assess the arterial suture, comparing continuous and interrupted techniques, in abdominal aorta of growing rabbbits, using two types of suture material: Polypropylene 7-0 (nonabsorbable) and Polydioxanone 7-0 (absorbable). METHODS: Groups: GI - Control, without arterial suture; GII - Polypropylene, Interrupted technique; GIII - Polipropilene, Continuous technique; GIV - Polydioxanone, Interrupted technique and GV - Polydioxanone, Continuous technique. Each group was subdivided in four Moments of Euthanasia , according with the number of days after surgery: 7 , 14 , 30 and 60 days. The following itens were assessed: weight, arterial diameters and pulse, stenosis, thrombosis, tissue adherence at the suture line, aortography, suture material visibility, suture line healling visibility and microscopic study. RESULTS: a) after 60 days, the suture line site had a significant growing in all groups; b) interrupted technique result less suture line stenosis in surgical act and in euthanasia c) the difference between groups showed in the microscopic study, was transitory, not pesisting after 60 days post surgery; CONCLUSION: Polydioxanone is better than polypropylene for suture in growing artery, not causing (or causing little) restriction to the growing of the suture line, even though using continuous technique.

OBJETIVO: Observar o comportamento da sutura arterial em aortas abdominais de coelhos em crescimento, comparando-se as técnicas contínua e com pontos separados, empregando-se dois tipos de fios: Polipropilene 7-0 (inabsorvível) e Polidioxanone 7-0 (absorvível). MÉTODOS: Grupos: GI - Controle (sem sutura); GII - Polipropilene, Pontos Separados; GIII - Polipropilene, Contínua; GIV - Polidioxanone, Pontos Separados e GV - Polidioxanone, Contínua. Cada grupo foi subdividido em quatro Momentos de Eutanásia: aos 7, 14, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório. Foram avaliados: peso dos animais, diâmetros e pulsos arteriais, estenose, trombose, aderências, aortografia, visibilidade do fio, cicatrização e microscopia. RESULTADOS: a) após 60 dias, o local da linha de sutura cresceu de forma significativa em todos os grupos; b) a técnica de sutura com pontos separados causou menor estenose da linha de sutura, observada tanto no ato cirúrgico, como na eutanásia dos animais; c) no exame histopatológico, as diferenças encontradas entre grupos foram transitórias, não persistindo após 60 dias de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: O polidioxanone mostrou ser a melhor opção, entre os dois fios, para sutura de artérias em crescimento, pois causa pouca ou nenhuma restrição ao crescimento arterial na linha de sutura, mesmo quando se emprega a técnica contínua.