Management of civil construction and demolition waste - public, private and social responsibility / Gestão de resíduos da construção civil e demolição responsabilidade pública, privada e social

His article aims to show and evaluate the current management of Waste from Construction and Demolition (WCD) and show the importance of public, private and social involvement, since we have in our Federal Constitution of 1988, the art. 225, caput, establishes that: "Everyone has the right to an ecologically balanced environment, a good common use of the people and essential to the healthy quality of life, imposing on the Public and the collective the duty to defend and preserve it for present and future generations". The intention was to show that the responsibility in the management of the correct disposal, of any type of waste, is the responsibility of all, with the main reason the conservation of the environment. When we speak of WCD we have resolution 307 of CONAMA determining that all municipalities should give an environmentally correct destination to the WCDs in order to effectively reduce the environmental impacts generated by this type of waste. With this, we understand that for effective management to occur we need to feel responsible and conscientious and environmentally correct disposal with greater public interest, with effective service and supervision, because in Brazil we have laws and resolutions that are disrespectful and not fulfilled. Opening a question, what is the responsibility of each in solving a problem at all?

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar e avaliar a atual gestão dos resíduos da Construção Civil e Demolição (RCD) e mostrar a importância do envolvimento público, privado e social, visto que temos em nossa Constituição Federal de 1988, o art. 225, caput, institui que: Todos têm direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, bem de uso comum do povo e essencial à sadia qualidade de vida, impondo-se ao Pode Público e à coletividade o dever de defendê-lo e preservá-lo para as presentes e futuras gerações. O intuito foi mostrar que a responsabilidade na gestão do descarte correto, de qualquer tipo resíduo, é responsabilidade de todos, com o principal motivo a preservação do meio ambiente. Quando falamos de RCD, temos a resolução 307 do CONAMA determinando que todos os municípios devam dar uma destinação ambientalmente correta aos RCDs buscando a efetiva diminuição dos impactos ambientais gerados por este tipo de resíduo. Com isso, entendemos que para a efetiva gestão ocorrer precisamos nos sentir responsáveis e realizar um descarte consciente e ambientalmente correto com maior interesse público, com serviço e fiscalização eficazes, pois no Brasil temos leis e resoluções que são desrespeitas e não cumpridas. Abrindo a questão, qual a responsabilidade de cada um em resolver um problema de todos?

Management of civil construction and demolition waste - public, private and social responsibility / Gestão de resíduos da construção civil e demolição responsabilidade pública, privada e social

His article aims to show and evaluate the current management of Waste from Construction and Demolition (WCD) and show the importance of public, private and social involvement, since we have in our Federal Constitution of 1988, the art. 225, caput, establishes that: "Everyone has the right to an ecologically balanced environment, a good common use of the people and essential to the healthy quality of life, imposing on the Public and the collective the duty to defend and preserve it for present and future generations". The intention was to show that the responsibility in the management of the correct disposal, of any type of waste, is the responsibility of all, with the main reason the conservation of the environment. When we speak of WCD we have resolution 307 of CONAMA determining that all municipalities should give an environmentally correct destination to the WCDs in order to effectively reduce the environmental impacts generated by this type of waste. With this, we understand that for effective management to occur we need to feel responsible and conscientious and environmentally correct disposal with greater public interest, with effective service and supervision, because in Brazil we have laws and resolutions that are disrespectful and not fulfilled. Opening a question, what is the responsibility of each in solving a problem at all?(AU)

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar e avaliar a atual gestão dos resíduos da Construção Civil e Demolição (RCD) e mostrar a importância do envolvimento público, privado e social, visto que temos em nossa Constituição Federal de 1988, o art. 225, caput, institui que: Todos têm direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, bem de uso comum do povo e essencial à sadia qualidade de vida, impondo-se ao Pode Público e à coletividade o dever de defendê-lo e preservá-lo para as presentes e futuras gerações. O intuito foi mostrar que a responsabilidade na gestão do descarte correto, de qualquer tipo resíduo, é responsabilidade de todos, com o principal motivo a preservação do meio ambiente. Quando falamos de RCD, temos a resolução 307 do CONAMA determinando que todos os municípios devam dar uma destinação ambientalmente correta aos RCDs buscando a efetiva diminuição dos impactos ambientais gerados por este tipo de resíduo. Com isso, entendemos que para a efetiva gestão ocorrer precisamos nos sentir responsáveis e realizar um descarte consciente e ambientalmente correto com maior interesse público, com serviço e fiscalização eficazes, pois no Brasil temos leis e resoluções que são desrespeitas e não cumpridas. Abrindo a questão, qual a responsabilidade de cada um em resolver um problema de todos?(AU)

Model-assisted phenotyping by digital images in papaya breeding program

Manual phenotyping for papaya Carica papaya (L) breeding purposes limits the evaluation of a great number of plants and hampers selection of superior genotypes. This study aimed to validate two methodologies for the phenotyping of morpho-agronomic plant traits using image analysis and fruit traits through image processing. In plants of the THB variety and UENF/Caliman-01 hybrid two images (A and B) were analyzed to estimate commercial and irregularly shaped fruits. Image A was also used in the estimation of plant height, stem diameter and the first fruit insertion height. In THB fruits, largest and smallest diameters, length, and volume were estimated by using a caliper and image processing (IP). Volume was obtained by water column displacement (WCD) and by the expression of ellipsoid approximation (EA). Correlations above 0.85 between manual and image measurements were obtained for all traits. The averages of the morpho-agronomic traits, estimated by using images, were similar when compared to the averages measured manually. In addition, the errors of the proposed methodologies were low compared to manual phenotyping. Bland-Altman's approach indicated agreement between the volume estimated by WCD and EA using caliper and IP. The strong association obtained between volume and fruit weight suggests the use of regression to estimate this trait. Thus, the expectation is that image-based phenotyping can be used to expand the experiments, thereby maintaining accuracy and providing greater genetic gains in the selection of superior genotypes.

Model-assisted phenotyping by digital images in papaya breeding program

Manual phenotyping for papaya Carica papaya (L) breeding purposes limits the evaluation of a great number of plants and hampers selection of superior genotypes. This study aimed to validate two methodologies for the phenotyping of morpho-agronomic plant traits using image analysis and fruit traits through image processing. In plants of the THB variety and UENF/Caliman-01 hybrid two images (A and B) were analyzed to estimate commercial and irregularly shaped fruits. Image A was also used in the estimation of plant height, stem diameter and the first fruit insertion height. In THB fruits, largest and smallest diameters, length, and volume were estimated by using a caliper and image processing (IP). Volume was obtained by water column displacement (WCD) and by the expression of ellipsoid approximation (EA). Correlations above 0.85 between manual and image measurements were obtained for all traits. The averages of the morpho-agronomic traits, estimated by using images, were similar when compared to the averages measured manually. In addition, the errors of the proposed methodologies were low compared to manual phenotyping. Bland-Altman's approach indicated agreement between the volume estimated by WCD and EA using caliper and IP. The strong association obtained between volume and fruit weight suggests the use of regression to estimate this trait. Thus, the expectation is that image-based phenotyping can be used to expand the experiments, thereby maintaining accuracy and providing greater genetic gains in the selection of superior genotypes.(AU)