Effects of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate on wound healing

ABSTRACT Purpose: Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DPG) has anti-inflammatory properties, besides promoting the regeneration of skeletal muscle. However, it has not been reported on skin wound healing/regeneration. This research aimed to characterize the effects of DPG in the treatment of excisional wounds by second intention. Methods: Male adults (n=10) and elderly (n=10) Wistar rats were used. Two circular wounds were excised on the dorsal skin. The excised normal skins were considered adult (GAN) and elderly (GIN) naïve. For seven days, 2% DPG was applied on the proximal excision: treated adult (GADPG) and elderly (GIDPG), whereas distal excisions were untreated adult (GANT) and elderly (GINT). Wound healing areas were daily measured and removed for morphological analyses after the 14th and the 21st postoperative day. Slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and picrosirius red. Results: Histological analysis revealed intact (GAN/GIN) and regenerated(GANT/GINT/GADPG/GIDPG) skins. No differences of wounds' size were found among treated groups. Epidermis was thicker after 14 days and thinner after 21 days of DPG administration. Higher collagen I density was found in GIDPG (14th day) and GADPG (21st day). Conclusions: DPG induced woundhealing/skin regeneration, with collagen I, being more effective in the first 14 days after injury.

Avaliação clínica e laboratorial da dermatite atópica canina / Clinical and laboratory evaluation of canine atopic dermatitis

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma dermatopatia inflamatória, crônica e pruriginosa que afeta indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, sendo comumente associada à produção de anticorpos do tipo IgE. O presente relato objetivou descrever um caso de DAC, evidenciando seus sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizados teste com lâmpada de Wood, raspado profundo de pele, imprint cutâneo, cultura fúngica e bacteriana, citologia de ouvido, exame sorológico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e teste de sensibilidade a alérgenos. O paciente apresentava uma série de lesões dermatológicos disseminadas acompanhadas de prurido intenso, onde pode-se observar presenças de infecções secundárias por bactérias e leveduras fúngicas. Dessa forma, optou-se por tratamento tópico com shampoo a base de clorexidina 2% associado a miconazol 2,5% e uso de creme hidratante. Para otite bilateral, prescreveu-se solução otológica de ciclopirox olamina 1% e ácido glicirrízico 0,5%. Após resposta negativa ao tratamento inicial, introduziu-se o uso oral de prednisolona associado à hidroxizina e logo depois a ciclosporina, ocorrendo um controle do quadro. Embora várias alternativas terapêuticas estejam disponíveis, a cura ainda não é possível, sendo o controle do quadro lesional a melhor abordagem de tratamento.

The canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory skin disease, chronic itchy that affects genetically predisposed individuals, being commonly associated with production of IgE antibodies. The aim of this study was to describe a case of CAD, evidencing its clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment. A Wood lamp, skin deep scraping, skin imprint, fungal and bacterial culture, ear cytology, serological examination for canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) and allergen sensitivity test were performed. The animal presented a series of disseminated dermatological lesions accompanied by intense pruritus, where it is possible to observe presences of secondary infections by bacteria and yeasts fungi. Thus, it was decided to topical treatment with shampoo chlorhexidine base 2% associated with miconazole 2.5% and use moisturizer. For bilateral otitis, otologic solution of cyclopirox olamine 1% and glycyrrhizic acid 0.5% was prescribed. After negative response to the initial treatment, the oral use of prednisolone associated with hydroxyzine and soon after cyclosporine was introduced, and clinical control was performed. Although several therapeutic alternatives are available, cure is still not possible, and lesion control is the best treatment approach.

Avaliação clínica e laboratorial da dermatite atópica canina / Clinical and laboratory evaluation of canine atopic dermatitis

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma dermatopatia inflamatória, crônica e pruriginosa que afeta indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, sendo comumente associada à produção de anticorpos do tipo IgE. O presente relato objetivou descrever um caso de DAC, evidenciando seus sinais clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram realizados teste com lâmpada de Wood, raspado profundo de pele, imprint cutâneo, cultura fúngica e bacteriana, citologia de ouvido, exame sorológico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e teste de sensibilidade a alérgenos. O paciente apresentava uma série de lesões dermatológicos disseminadas acompanhadas de prurido intenso, onde pode-se observar presenças de infecções secundárias por bactérias e leveduras fúngicas. Dessa forma, optou-se por tratamento tópico com shampoo a base de clorexidina 2% associado a miconazol 2,5% e uso de creme hidratante. Para otite bilateral, prescreveu-se solução otológica de ciclopirox olamina 1% e ácido glicirrízico 0,5%. Após resposta negativa ao tratamento inicial, introduziu-se o uso oral de prednisolona associado à hidroxizina e logo depois a ciclosporina, ocorrendo um controle do quadro. Embora várias alternativas terapêuticas estejam disponíveis, a cura ainda não é possível, sendo o controle do quadro lesional a melhor abordagem de tratamento.(AU)

The canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory skin disease, chronic itchy that affects genetically predisposed individuals, being commonly associated with production of IgE antibodies. The aim of this study was to describe a case of CAD, evidencing its clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment. A Wood lamp, skin deep scraping, skin imprint, fungal and bacterial culture, ear cytology, serological examination for canine visceral leishmaniasis (LVC) and allergen sensitivity test were performed. The animal presented a series of disseminated dermatological lesions accompanied by intense pruritus, where it is possible to observe presences of secondary infections by bacteria and yeasts fungi. Thus, it was decided to topical treatment with shampoo chlorhexidine base 2% associated with miconazole 2.5% and use moisturizer. For bilateral otitis, otologic solution of cyclopirox olamine 1% and glycyrrhizic acid 0.5% was prescribed. After negative response to the initial treatment, the oral use of prednisolone associated with hydroxyzine and soon after cyclosporine was introduced, and clinical control was performed. Although several therapeutic alternatives are available, cure is still not possible, and lesion control is the best treatment approach.(AU)

Effects of Glycyrrhizic acid on productive and immune parameters of broilers

Considering that glycyrrhizic acid (GRA) has been shown to have in-vitro and in-vivo antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses as well as immunostimulating activity, a trial to evaluate its effects on the performance and the immune response against Newcastle disease of broiler chickens was carried out. The study was performed with one-day-old Ross x Ross broiler chickens. GRA was added to the drinking water throughout the 49-d production cycle at a dose of 0.03%. Sample size of the trial was established in a pilot assay. Results showed that broiler chickens treated with GRA presented better weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and lower mortality rate than the non-treated controls. In addition, GRA-treated birds presented higher antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus and more efficient cellular immune response, as demonstrated by the late-hypersensitivity response test. Blood lymphocyte and thrombocyte counts also increased in this group. The histopathological examination of the bursa, spleen, and thymus revealed that only the thymus of the GRA-treated group had a clearly defined increase in cortex thickness on day 49. The bursa showed a higher number of lymphoid lesions in CG on days 21 and 49 compared with the GRA group. These results suggest that GRA has growth promotion properties, which are possibly linked to immune-based effects.

Effects of Glycyrrhizic acid on productive and immune parameters of broilers

Considering that glycyrrhizic acid (GRA) has been shown to have in-vitro and in-vivo antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses as well as immunostimulating activity, a trial to evaluate its effects on the performance and the immune response against Newcastle disease of broiler chickens was carried out. The study was performed with one-day-old Ross x Ross broiler chickens. GRA was added to the drinking water throughout the 49-d production cycle at a dose of 0.03%. Sample size of the trial was established in a pilot assay. Results showed that broiler chickens treated with GRA presented better weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and lower mortality rate than the non-treated controls. In addition, GRA-treated birds presented higher antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus and more efficient cellular immune response, as demonstrated by the late-hypersensitivity response test. Blood lymphocyte and thrombocyte counts also increased in this group. The histopathological examination of the bursa, spleen, and thymus revealed that only the thymus of the GRA-treated group had a clearly defined increase in cortex thickness on day 49. The bursa showed a higher number of lymphoid lesions in CG on days 21 and 49 compared with the GRA group. These results suggest that GRA has growth promotion properties, which are possibly linked to immune-based effects.(AU)