Incidência de malformações congênitas em cães neonatos provenientes de canis de Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana ­ Minas Gerais, Brasil / Incidence of congenital malformations in neonatal dogs from kennels from Belo Horizonte and metropolitan region ­ Minas Gerais, Brazil

As malformações ou defeitos congênitos são alterações estruturais ou funcionais de órgãos e estruturas presentes ao nascimento. Essas alterações têm um grande impacto sobre a mortalidade e viabilidade neonatal e nem sempre são investigadas a fundo. O presente estudo descreve a incidência de malformações congênitas em cães neonatos provenientes de canis da cidade de Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana ­ Minas Gerais, Brasil. No total, foram avaliadas 170 ninhadas com 745 neonatos e as malformações foram presentes em 21% (36/170) delas. Dos 745 neonatos, 6,4% (48/745) possuíam algum tipo de defeito congênito. Foram descritos 13 tipos de malformações, registradas em 50% (6/12) das 12 raças avaliadas. Das matrizes, 6% (11/170) apresentavam infecção por hemoparasitas, 2% (3/170) possuíam dermatopatias não diagnosticadas e 3% (5/170) estavam com suspeita de hemoparasitoses, mas não foram testadas. A exposição materna a agentes teratogênicos aconteceu em 3,5% (6/170) dos casos. Todos os casos de malformações foram diagnosticados em cães de raças puras, fortalecendo a hipótese de causas genéticas.(AU)

Congenital malformations or defects are functional or structural alterations of organs and structures present at birth. These abnormalities have a major impact on neonatal mortality and viability and aren't always thoroughly investigated. The present study described the incidence of congenital malformations in canine neonates originated from kennels from Belo Horizonte and metropolitan region ­ Minas Gerais, Brazil. In total, 170 litters with 745 neonates were evaluated and malformations were observed in 21% (36/170) of them. From 745 evaluated neonates, 6% (48/745) had one or more congenital defects. 13 types of malformations were described, registered in 50¨% (6/12) of the 12 evaluated breeds. 6% (11/170) of the bitches were infected by hemoparasites, 2% (3/170) had undiagnosed skin diseases and 3% (5/170) had suspicion of hemoparasitosis but weren't tested. Maternal exposure to teratogenic agents happened in 3,5% (6/170) of the cases. All malformation cases happened in pure dog breeds, strengthening the hypothesis of genetic origins.(AU)

Dogs naturally infected by Rangelia vitalii, Babesia canis vogeli, and Ehrlichia canis in São Paulo, Brazil / Cães naturalmente infectados por Rangelia vitalii, Babesia canis vogeli, e Ehrlichia canis em São Paulo, Brasil

Several agents can cause hemoparasitic diseases in dogs, and blood-sucking arthropods transmit these diseases. These agents can cause several clinical manifestations and, in some cases, can kill the host. Because these agents are essential in animal health, this study aims to detect the frequency of Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia rickettsii, Anaplasma platys, and Rangelia vitalii by real-time PCR and Babesia vogeli in dogs in the southern region of the city of São Paulo, São Paulo. Of the 98 dog samples, 18 (18.4%) tested positive with real-time polymerase chain reaction for at least one studied agent. Of these 18 samples, 17 tested positive for a single agent (11.2% for B. canis vogeli, 1.02% for R. vitalii, and 5.1% for E. canis), and one showed co-infection with B. canis vogeli and R. vitalii. The results demonstrate the presence of hemoparasites in the studied animals, which can influence the quality and life expectancy of these animals. The Rangeliadetection warns small animal clinicians to include it as a differential diagnosis for hemoparasitosis.(AU)

As hemoparasitoses em cães podem ser causadas por diversos agentes, sendo essas doenças transmitidas por artrópodes hematófagos. Esses agentes podem causar diversas manifestações clínicas e, em alguns casos, podem matar o hospedeiro. Este estudo teve como objetivo detectar por PCR em tempo real a frequência de Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia rickettsii, Anaplasma platys, Rangelia vitalii e Babesia canis vogeli em amostras de cães da zona sul da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Das 98 amostras de cães, 18 (18,4%) testaram positivo com reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real para pelo menos um agente estudado. Destas 18 amostras, 17 testaram positivo para um único agente (11,2% para B. canis vogeli, 1,02% para R. vitalii e 5,1% para E. canis), e uma apresentou coinfecção com B. canis vogeli e R. vitalii. Os resultados demonstram a presença de hemoparasitas nos animais estudados, o que pode influenciar a qualidade e a expectativa de vida desses animais. Além disso, é o primeiro relato da detecção de R. vitalli na zona sul de São Paulo e serve de alerta para os clínicos de pequenos animais incluírem esse agente como diagnóstico diferencial para as hemoparasitoses.(AU)

Infecção por Anaplasma platys em um canino da raça poodle: relato de caso / Anaplasma platys infection in a poodle canine: case report / Infección por Anaplasma platys en un canino de raza caniche: reporte de caso

Um canino da raça Poodle, 15 anos, macho, inteiro, foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Luterana do Brasil apresentando: hiporexia há cinco dias e anorexia nos dois últimos dias, hipodipsia, prostração, hipertermia, uveíte e um episódio de vômito. Ao exame físico, constatou-se 8% de desidratação, mucosas secas e hipocoradas, tempo de preenchimento capilar maior que dois segundos e presença de carrapatos (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). Devido à presença dos carrapatos, foi administrado afoxolaner. Realizou-se o exame parasitológico de sangue (EPS), colhido da ponta da orelha e o teste rápido (4Dx® IDEXX). Com o resultado positivo do teste rápido e visualização de mórula no interior das plaquetas compatíveis com Anaplasma platys, definiu-se o diagnóstico de anaplasmose trombocítica canina. A partir do diagnóstico, instituiu-se o tratamento com doxiciclina a cada 12 horas por via oral e, após 48 horas de tratamento, o cão recebeu alta e seguiu com tratamento em domicílio. Após 21 dias de antibioticoterapia, o paciente apresentou melhora clínica satisfatória. Realizou-se nova coleta para EPS, que apresentou resultado negativo.

A 15-year-old male Poodle canine was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Lutheran University of Brazil presenting: hyporexia of five days and anorexia for the last two days, hypodipsia, prostration, hyperthermia, uveitis and one episode of vomiting. Physical examination revealed 8% dehydration, dry and pale mucous membranes, capillary refill time greater than two seconds and the presence of ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). Due to the presence of ticks, afoxolaner was administered. The parasitological blood test (EPS) was performed, collected from the ear vein, and a snap test (4Dx® - IDEXX). The positive result of the snap test and visualization of the morulae inside the platelets compatible with Anaplasma platys, the diagnosis of canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis was reached. The treatment with doxycycline was instituted every 12 hours orally and after 48 hours the dog was discharged and continued with treatment at home. After 21 days of antibiotic therapy, the patient showed satisfactory clinical improvement. A new collection for EPS was performed, which showed a negative result.

Un canino macho de 15 años, entero, fue atendido en el Hospital Veterinario de la Universidade Luterana do Brasil por presentar: hiporexia durante cinco días y anorexia durante los dos últimos días, hipodipsia, postración, hipertermia, uveitis y un episodio de vómitos. Al examen físico se encontró un 8% de deshidratación, mucosas secas y pálidas, tiempo de llenado capilar superior a dos segundos y presencia de garrapatas (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). Debido a la presencia de garrapatas, se administró afoxolaner. Se realizó el examen parasitológico de sangre (EPS), recogida de la punta de la oreja y la prueba rápida (4DX - IDEXX). Con el resultado positivo de la prueba rápida y visualización de mórula en el interior de las plaquetas compatible con Anaplasma platys, se definió el diagnóstico de anaplasmosis trombocítica canina. Tras el diagnóstico, se instauró tratamiento con doxiciclina cada 12 horas por vía oral y, a las 48 horas de tratamiento, se dio de alta al perro y se continuó con el tratamiento en casa. Después de 21 días de antibioticoterapia, la paciente mostró una mejoría clínica satisfactoria. Se realizó un nuevo cobro de EPS, que arrojó un resultado negativo.

Diagnóstico hematológico de coinfecção por Ehrlichia spp. e Hepatozoon canis em cães no semiárido da Paraíba / Hematogical diagnosis of coinfection by Ehrlichia spp. and Hepatozoon canis in dogs in the semi-arid of Paraiba

Dentre as hemoparasitoses com maior frequência de transmissão por carrapatos pode-se destacar a Erliquiose, a Hepatozoonose, a Anaplasmose e a Babesiose. A coinfecção por esses agentes são frequentes na rotina clínica; no entanto, poucas são as descrições sobre a ocorrência simultânea desses agentes em hemogramas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar os casos de quatro cães diagnosticados com coinfecção por Ehrlichia spp. e Hepatozoon canis, os quais foram atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Adílio Santos de Azevedo (HV-ASA) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB), campus Sousa. Durante a avaliação clínica, relatou-se que os pacientes apresentavam, de maneira em comum, oligodipsia e hiporexia, além de histórico de presença de carrapatos. Em seguida, foram realizados hemogramas, que revelaram que todos os animais apresentavam anemia leve a moderada. Além disso, notou-se que o animal 1 estava com trombocitopenia e os animais 2 e 3, neutrofilia. Na pesquisa de hemoparasitas em esfregaço sanguíneo, observou-se coinfecção por H. canis e E. spp. nos quatro animais. Desta forma, este relato demonstrou a importância do uso do hemograma e da pesquisa dos agentes causadores das hemoparasitoses, através do esfregaço sanguíneo. Ressalte-se que o esfregaço sanguíneo, embora seja um método inespecífico e de baixa sensibilidade, pode e deve ser adotado como rotina, por ser uma técnica simples, rápida, barata, pouco invasiva e de diagnóstico definitivo.

Among the hemoparasitoses with the highest frequency of transmission by ticks, ehrlichiosis, hepatozoonosis, anaplasmosis, and babesiosis may be highlighted. The coinfection with these agents is frequent in clinical routine; however, there are few descriptions of the simultaneous occurrence of these agents in blood counts. Therefore, this work aimed to report the cases of four dogs diagnosed with Ehrlichia spp. and Hepatozoon canis, which were treated at the Adílio Santos de Azevedo Veterinary Hospital (HV-ASA), of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Paraíba (IFPB), Sousa campus. During the clinical evaluation, it was reported that the patients had oligodipsia and hyporexia in common, in addition to a history of tick presence. Then, blood counts were performed, which revealed that all animals had mild to moderate anemia. In addition, it was noted that animal 1 had thrombocytopenia and animals 2 and 3 had neutrophilia. In the investigation of hemoparasites in blood smears, co-infection with H. canis and E. spp. was observed in the four animals. Thus, this report demonstrated the importance of using the blood count and researching the causative agents of hemoparasitosis, through the blood smear. It should be noted that the blood smear, although it is a non-specific and low-sensitivity method, can and should be adopted as a routine, as it is a simple, fast, inexpensive, minimally invasive, and definitive diagnostic technique.

Aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção por Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys e Mycoplasma spp. em gatos domésticos / Epidemiological aspects of infection by Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Mycoplasma spp. in domestic cats

Hemoparasitoses vêm se tornando cada vez mais importantes na clínica médica de pequenos animais. Dentre os agentes causadores encontramos Ehrlichiacanis, Anaplasmaplatys., e Mycoplasma spp., torna-se de grande importância conhecer a epidemiologia nos gatos domésticos. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa fazer um levantamento retrospectivo de fichas de gatos advindos de consultas no Hospital Veterinário Mário Dias Teixeira (HOVET) que realizaram exame de Reação de Cadeia da polimerase (PCR) no laboratório de biologia molecular, na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, no ano de 2018 e 2019. No total foram 72 amostras de gatos domésticos processadas, sendo 33 machos e 39 fêmeas, 70 animais SRD e 2 Siameses, todos com trombocitopenia, além de outros sinais clínicos que os levaram a precisar de atendimento veterinário, foram categorizados os meses de entrada e processamento das amostras, bairros dos animais e grupos etários. De todos os animais testados, 34,7% obtiveram diagnóstico positivo para uma das enfermidades, sendo o gênero Mycoplasma spp. o que mais prevaleceu em amostras positivas, com maior frequência em fêmeas adultas, bem como foi descrita ocorrência de E. canis apenas nesse sexo, já A. platysfoi descrito com maior frequência em machos, além de achados de infecções concomitantes observado entre os agentes Anaplasmae Mycoplasma. Concluímos que os gatos atendidos no HOVET possuíam parasitismo por diferentes agentes infecciosos.

Hemoparasitosis have become increasingly important in the small animals' internal medicine. Among the causal agents, there are Ehrlichiacanis, Anaplasmaplatys. and Mycoplasma spp., which give the understanding of the epidemiology in domestic cats a great significance. This research aimed to make a retrospective survey of records from cats that came from appointments at the Veterinary Hospital Mário Dias Teixeira (HOVET) and underwent the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test at the molecular biology laboratory, at the Amazônia Federal Rural University (UFRA), in the years of 2018 and 2019. In total, 72 samples of domestic cats were processed, from which 33 were males and 39 females, 70 of them were mongrel cats and 2 siamese, all of them showed thrombocytopenia amongst other clinical signs that led them to need a veterinary appointment, the months of admission, processing of the samples, districts the animals came from and age group were categorized. 34,7% of all the animals tested showed positive results for one of the diseases, with the genus Mycoplasma spp. being the most prevalent in positive samples, showing a higher rate in adult females, as the occurrence of E. canis was reported only in females, while A. platys was reported with a higher rate in males, as well as concomitant infections following the observation of the agents Anaplasma and Mycoplasma. In conclusion, the cats admitted at HOVET showed parasitism by different infectious agents.

Toxic systemic reaction after bee stings in a bitch

Background: Bee sting poisonings are common in dogs, and toxic systemic presentation may represent a life-threatening condition. Apis mellifera venom is a complex mixture of melitin, apamine, phospholipase, hyaluronidase and degranulating peptides, that causes local injury at the site of inoculation and multiple organ complications, including hemolysis, kidney injury, muscular damage, cardiovascular and respiratory complications. The present work reports a complete and detailed description of a dog's systemic toxic reaction to bee stings, including history, clinical signs, laboratory findings, emergency care and development, as well as possible association with later immunomediated arthritis. Case: A 6-year-old female German Shepperd suffered multiple bee stings. First care was conducted by a veterinary at the site, where he only received promethazine, meloxicam and dexamethasone. After 24 h and significant progression of symptoms, the animal was forwarded to a specialized veterinary hospital. The patient was evaluated throughout 9 days, and presented intense edema, respiratory distress, tongue necrosis and grade II of acute kidney injury. Extensive laboratory exams were conducted throughout the hospitalization. Main laboratory findings included polycythemia, leukocytosis by neutrophilia and monocytosis, thrombocytopenia and azotemia. Urinalysis evidenced turbid aspect, dark yellow color and intense proteinuria, reinforcing kidney damage. Abdominal ultrasound examination identified blood clots in the bladder, and liver with reduced echogenicity and echotexture, suggesting acute inflammation. Therapy aimed to stabilize the patient, control kidney damage and avoid anaphylaxis. Treatment included intensive care support, promethazine, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, dipyrone, methadone, metronidazole, ampicillin, clindamycin and tramadol. Following successful treatment, the animal presented immunomediated polyarthritis, possibly associated to both the poisoning and later diagnosed hemoparasitosis (both Erlichia and Babesia). Discussion: Massive bee attacks can cause severe complications, however, data regarding emergency care records are scarce. Based on clinical signs and laboratory findings, the patient presented toxic systemic reaction, including grade II of acute kidney injury and significant cardiorespiratory distress. Another important complication was tongue necrosis, that demanded attention and special supportive care, including feeding tube and specific feed. Treatment also focused in reducing edema and control possible anaphylaxis, providing analgesia and antibiotic therapy. Laboratory findings have been previously described, with evidence of immune-mediated reaction. Follow-up consultations revealed normal parameters, and an unusual presentation of claudication. Investigation concluded that polyarthritis could be responsible for such finding and may be a result of the deposition of immunomediated complexes in the joints, due in this case to the bee poisoning and later positive diagnosis for both Erlichia and Babesia. Systemic reactions to bee stings are complex, and full clinical and laboratory profile aid in both the prognosis and treatment options. Special attention must be given to tongue damage and supportive care is essential for maintaining feeding conditions. Arthritis should be considered as possible complication, reinforcing the importance of follow-up consultations.

Reação imunológica decorrente a transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas em cão / Immunological reaction due to transfusion of platelet concentrate in dog

A transfusão de hemocomponente na medicina veterinária vem aumentando nos últimos anos, com isso aumenta-se também o potencial de reações transfusionais, que eventualmente podem ser fatais. Neste estudo, um cão de 3 meses de idade, fêmea, Sem Raça Definida com diagnóstico de hemoparasitose, realizado a partir de hemograma (anemia regenerativa com visualização de mórula de Ehrlichia canis em leucócitos e trombocitopenia de 80 mil plaquetas/dL) e ultrassonografia (hepatoesplenomegalia), foi encaminhado ao banco de sangue para ser submetido a transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas (CP), visto que apresentava petéquias, sufusões abdominais e havia sofrido alguns episódios de epistaxe. Após exame físico da paciente que se apresentava com parâmetros normais para a espécie, iniciou-se a transfusão do CP pela veia cefálica. Aos 30 minutos do início do procedimento documentou-se sialorréia intensa e eritema cutânea. A transfusão foi interrompida. Aplicou-se 0,5 mg/Kg de dexametasona por via intravenosa, 0,044 mg/Kg de atropina e 0,2 mg/Kg de prometazina ambos por via subcutânea, e em 40 minutos ocorreu normalização dos parâmetros clínicos. A transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas é um procedimento terapêutico e profilático importante no tratamento e prevenção de hemorragias, quando por deficiência numérica ou qualitativa das plaquetas. No entanto, riscos inerentes ao processo devem ser considerados, e expostos ao tutor. Contudo, descrevemos neste relato reação adversa em cão jovem (hipersensibilidade tipo 1) revertida com o uso imediato de corticosteróide associado a um antagonista colinérgico e anti-histaminico.

The transfusion of blood components in veterinary medicine has been increasing in recent years, thereby increasing the potential for transfusion reactions, which can eventually be fatal. In this study, a 3-month-old, female, Non-Breed dog diagnosed with hemoparasitosis, carried out using a complete blood count (regenerative anemia with visualization of Ehrlichia canis morula in leukocytes and thrombocytopenia of 80 thousand platelets/dL) and ultrasonography (hepatosplenomegaly), was referred to the blood bank to undergo a transfusion of platelet concentrate (PC), since she had petechiae, abdominal suffusions and had suffered some episodes of epistaxis. After physical examination of the patient who presented with normal parameters for the species, began the transfusion of PC through the cephalic vein. At 30 minutes from the beginning of the procedure, intense sialorrhea and skin erythema were documented. The transfusion was stopped, and 0.5 mg / kg of dexamethasone was applied intravenously, 0.044 mg / kg of atropine and 0.2 mg / kg of promethazine both subcutaneously. 40 minutes latter occurred normalization of clinical parameters. Platelet concentrate transfusion is an important therapeutic and prophylactic procedure in the treatment and prevention of bleeding, when due to numerical or qualitative platelet deficiency. However, risks inherent to the process must be considered, and exposed to the tutor. In this report, we describe an adverse reaction in a young dog (type 1 hypersensitivity) reversed with the immediate use of corticosteroids associated with a cholinergic and antihistamine antagonist.

Babesia vogeli in dogs from Rio Branco, South-west Amazonia, Brazil / Babesia vogeli em cães de Rio Branco, sudoeste da Amazônia, Brasil

This is the first report of Babesia vogeli molecular detection in dogs from the state of Acre, northern Brazil. This study aimed to perform the molecular detection of Babesia vogeli in dogs in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre. Blood samples were collected from 47 dogs presenting with clinical signs comparable to hemoparasitosis. These were dogs which were attended in veterinary clinics from Rio Branco municipality, Acre. Physical examinations, packed cell volume (PCV) determination, platelet number estimation, hemoparasite investigation in the blood (collected from the pinna and peripheral blood), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for piroplasm based on the 18S rRNA gene, were performed. One dog (1/47, 2.1%; CI 95%: 0.1-11.3%) tested positive to Babesia vogeli in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for piroplasms and the resulting sequence showed 100% identity with Babesia vogeli isolates deposited in GenBank®. Co-infection with Ehrlichia spp. was also observed by direct examination (via blood smear). The clinical and hematological alterations observed in the positive animal were anorexia, dehydration, white mucous membranes, anemia and thrombocytopenia.(AU)

Este é o primeiro relato de detecção molecular de Babesia vogeli em cães do estado do Acre, norte do Brasil. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a detecção molecular de B. vogeli em amostras de sangue de 47 cães com sinais clínicos compatíveis com hemoparasitoses no município de Rio Branco, Acre. Tratavam-se de animais atendidos em clínicas veterinárias do município, sendo realizados exames físicos, determinação do volume globular (VG), estimativa do número de plaquetas, investigação de hemoparasitos no sangue (coletado da ponta da orelha e sangue periférico). Além disso, amostras de sangue foram submetidas a extração de DNA e reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para amplificação de fragmentos do gene 18S rRNA de piroplasmas. Um cão (1/47, 2,1%; IC 95%: 0,1-11,3%) apresentou resultado positivo para B. vogeli na PCR para piroplasmas e a sequência resultante mostrou 100% de identidade com os isolados de B. vogeli depositados no GenBank®. Co-infecção com Ehrlichia spp. também foi observado por exame direto (esfregaço de sangue). As alterações clínicas e hematológicas observadas no animal positivo foram anorexia, desidratação, mucosas pálidas, anemia e trombocitopenia.(AU)

Reação imunológica decorrente a transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas em cão / Immunological reaction due to transfusion of platelet concentrate in dog

A transfusão de hemocomponente na medicina veterinária vem aumentando nos últimos anos, com isso aumenta-se também o potencial de reações transfusionais, que eventualmente podem ser fatais. Neste estudo, um cão de 3 meses de idade, fêmea, Sem Raça Definida com diagnóstico de hemoparasitose, realizado a partir de hemograma (anemia regenerativa com visualização de mórula de Ehrlichia canis em leucócitos e trombocitopenia de 80 mil plaquetas/dL) e ultrassonografia (hepatoesplenomegalia), foi encaminhado ao banco de sangue para ser submetido a transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas (CP), visto que apresentava petéquias, sufusões abdominais e havia sofrido alguns episódios de epistaxe. Após exame físico da paciente que se apresentava com parâmetros normais para a espécie, iniciou-se a transfusão do CP pela veia cefálica. Aos 30 minutos do início do procedimento documentou-se sialorréia intensa e eritema cutânea. A transfusão foi interrompida. Aplicou-se 0,5 mg/Kg de dexametasona por via intravenosa, 0,044 mg/Kg de atropina e 0,2 mg/Kg de prometazina ambos por via subcutânea, e em 40 minutos ocorreu normalização dos parâmetros clínicos. A transfusão de concentrado de plaquetas é um procedimento terapêutico e profilático importante no tratamento e prevenção de hemorragias, quando por deficiência numérica ou qualitativa das plaquetas. No entanto, riscos inerentes ao processo devem ser considerados, e expostos ao tutor. Contudo, descrevemos neste relato reação adversa em cão jovem (hipersensibilidade tipo 1) revertida com o uso imediato de corticosteróide associado a um antagonista colinérgico e anti-histaminico.(AU)

The transfusion of blood components in veterinary medicine has been increasing in recent years, thereby increasing the potential for transfusion reactions, which can eventually be fatal. In this study, a 3-month-old, female, Non-Breed dog diagnosed with hemoparasitosis, carried out using a complete blood count (regenerative anemia with visualization of Ehrlichia canis morula in leukocytes and thrombocytopenia of 80 thousand platelets/dL) and ultrasonography (hepatosplenomegaly), was referred to the blood bank to undergo a transfusion of platelet concentrate (PC), since she had petechiae, abdominal suffusions and had suffered some episodes of epistaxis. After physical examination of the patient who presented with normal parameters for the species, began the transfusion of PC through the cephalic vein. At 30 minutes from the beginning of the procedure, intense sialorrhea and skin erythema were documented. The transfusion was stopped, and 0.5 mg / kg of dexamethasone was applied intravenously, 0.044 mg / kg of atropine and 0.2 mg / kg of promethazine both subcutaneously. 40 minutes latter occurred normalization of clinical parameters. Platelet concentrate transfusion is an important therapeutic and prophylactic procedure in the treatment and prevention of bleeding, when due to numerical or qualitative platelet deficiency. However, risks inherent to the process must be considered, and exposed to the tutor. In this report, we describe an adverse reaction in a young dog (type 1 hypersensitivity) reversed with the immediate use of corticosteroids associated with a cholinergic and antihistamine antagonist.(AU)

First detection of Trypanosoma vivax in cattle in the state of Bahia, Brazil, based on parasitological and molecular analyses / Primeira detecção de Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos no estado da Bahia, Brasil baseada em análises parasitológica e molecular

We report the first detection of Trypanosoma vivax in Bahia state based on blood smear and PCR analyses. A total of 623 bovine blood samples were collected over two years. Parasitological analysis by smear technique detected the presence of T. vivax in 0.3%, while molecular analysis by PCR showed a prevalence in 18.9% of the samples. This study demonstrated the higher sensitivity of molecular analysis in the diagnosis of hemoparasitosis caused by T. vivax in dairy cattle herds.

Relatamos a primeira detecção de T. vivax no estado da Bahia baseada em esfregaços sanguíneos e PCR. Foram coletadas 623 amostras de sangue de bovinos ao longo de dois anos. An análise dos esfregaços detectou a presença do T. vivax em 0,3% delas, enquanto a detecção molecular por PCR mostrou uma prevalência em 18,9%. Este estudo evidenciou a maior sensibilidade da análise molecular no diagnóstico da hemoparasitose causada pelo T. vivax, em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros.

Perfil hematológico e epidemiológico em cães com babesiose, no município de Fortaleza/CE / Hematological and epidemiological profile in dogs with babesiosis in the municipality of Fortaleza/CE

A babesiose canina é uma hemoparasitose, causada por um protozoário do gênero Babesia spp., que parasita os eritrócitos de animais infectados. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil hematológico e epidemiológico de cães diagnosticados com babesiose, através da visualização, no esfregaço sanguíneo, de merozoítos no interior dos eritrócitos, na cidade de Fortaleza/CE, durante cinco anos (2015 a 2019). No período, foram observados 38 cães acometidos. O segundo semestre, o período seco, foi o que apresentou um maior número de casos (60,5%). Observou-se maior frequência em cães machos (57,8%), sem raça definida (57,8%), com menos de um ano de idade (73,6%). As alterações hematológicas mais frequentes foram trombocitopenia (86,8%) e anemia (81,5%). Sugere-se, nesses casos, a inclusão da babesiose como diagnóstico diferencial. Apesar da baixa sensibilidade, a pesquisa de hemoparasitos, no esfregaço sanguíneo, pode ser utilizada na rotina clínica.

Canine babesiosis is a hemoparasitosis caused by a protozoan of the genus Babesia spp., that parasitize the erythrocytes of infected animals. This study aimed to analyze the hematological and epidemiological profile of dogs diagnosed with babesiosis, through visualization in blood smear of merozoites inside erythrocytes, in the city of Fortaleza/CE, for five years (2015 to 2019). During the period, 38 affected dogs were observed. The second half, the dry period, was the one with the highest number of cases (60.5%). A higher frequency was observed in male dogs (57.8%), mixed breed (57.8%) under one year of age (73.6%). The most frequent hematological changes were thrombocytopenia (86.8%) and anemia (81.5%). In these cases, it is suggested to include babesiosis as a differential diagnosis. Despite the low sensitivity, the search for hemoparasites in the blood smear can be used in the clinical routine.

First detection of Trypanosoma vivax in cattle in the state of Bahia, Brazil, based on parasitological and molecular analyses / Primeira detecção de Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos no estado da Bahia, Brasil baseada em análises parasitológica e molecular

We report the first detection of Trypanosoma vivax in Bahia state based on blood smear and PCR analyses. A total of 623 bovine blood samples were collected over two years. Parasitological analysis by smear technique detected the presence of T. vivax in 0.3%, while molecular analysis by PCR showed a prevalence in 18.9% of the samples. This study demonstrated the higher sensitivity of molecular analysis in the diagnosis of hemoparasitosis caused by T. vivax in dairy cattle herds.(AU)

Relatamos a primeira detecção de T. vivax no estado da Bahia baseada em esfregaços sanguíneos e PCR. Foram coletadas 623 amostras de sangue de bovinos ao longo de dois anos. An análise dos esfregaços detectou a presença do T. vivax em 0,3% delas, enquanto a detecção molecular por PCR mostrou uma prevalência em 18,9%. Este estudo evidenciou a maior sensibilidade da análise molecular no diagnóstico da hemoparasitose causada pelo T. vivax, em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros.(AU)

Occurrence of tick-borne diseases in domestic dogs in Belém, Pará, Brazil / Ocorrência de doenças transmitidas por carrapatos em cães domésticos em Belém do Pará, Brasil

Tick-borne blood cell pathogens, which are challenging to diagnose, are primarily detected using molecular techniques. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the main infectious agents involved in 50 cases of suspected hemoparasitosis in dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital Mário Dias Teixeira of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon. Hematological parameters were evaluated, and blood samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for DNA amplification of the following species: Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Babesia canis. The PCR test results indicated that the most prevalent infectious agent was E. canis, present in 12% (6/50) infected animals, followed by A. platys and B. canis, present in 8% (4/50) and 2% (1/50) infected animals, respectively. Regarding hematological analysis, the most relevant changes were anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and leukopenia. The availability of molecular techniques allows the management of the most appropriate treatment to infected animals in a rapid and specific way.

Patógenos de células sanguíneas transmitidos por carrapatos, cujo diagnóstico é desafiador, são detectados princi-palmente por meio de técnicas moleculares. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo detectar os principais agentes infec-ciosos envolvidos em 50 casos de suspeita de hemoparasitose em cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Mário Dias Teixeira da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Parâmetros hematológicos foram avaliados e amostras de sangue foram subme-tidas a ensaios de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para amplificação de DNA das seguintes espécies: Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys e Babesia canis. Os resultados do teste de PCR indicaram que o agente infeccioso mais prevalente foi E. canis, presente em 12% (6/50) dos animais infectados, seguido por A. platys e B. canis, presente em 8% (4/50) e 2% (1/50) animais infectados, respectivamente. Em relação à análise hematológica, as alterações mais relevantes foram anemia, linfopenia, trom-bocitopenia, leucocitose e leucopenia. A disponibilidade de técnicas moleculares permite o manejo do tratamento mais ade-quado aos animais infectados de forma rápida e específica.

Nodulações esplênicas: leishmaniose visceral canina? / Splenic nodules: canine visceral leishmaniasis?

Background: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a parasitic disease of high lethality caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum in Brazil and is often related to splenomegaly. However, splenic nodules in dogs, although frequent, have not previously been reported as associated with CVL, but with neoplastic diseases. Considering that most dogs infected are oligosymptomatic or asymptomatic and that splenic nodules are common to other diseases, it is prudent to differentially diagnose CVL in view of its high zoonotic potential and lethality. The objective of the study was to describe a case of splenomegaly with splenic nodules associated with CVL in an asymptomatic dog treated with 2% miltefosina. Case: A 5-year-old male Rottweiler with 41 kg, with a history of inappetence, apathy and weight loss was referred to the Veterinary Medicine School Clinic of the Cesmac University Center, Maceió, AL, Brazil. However, during palpation a slight increase in the spleen was noted. Hematological, hemoparasite, biochemical and abdominal ultrasonographic examinations were requested to clarify the clinical suspicion of hemoparasitosis. The hematological and biochemical results respectively showed the following: normocytic normochromic anemia, hyperproteinemia and thrombocytopenia, in addition to hypoalbuminemia, with elevated total protein levels. The test for hemoparasites was negative. Ultrasonography showed mixed echogenicity suggestive of nodules. The rapid test for Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and L. infantum was performed. It was positive only for L. infantum. ELISA, IFAT and qPCR tests were performed to confirm the result. The test showed a cutoff result of 0.371 for ELISA, positive for RIFI at a cut-off of 1:40 and qPCR with less than 1 fg and with amplification above 36 cycles. In view of these results, treatment with 2% miltefosine at a dose of 1 mL/ 10 kg was started once a day, after feeding, for 28 days. The animal was monitored throughout treatment and re-evaluated every 10 days for 30 days, showing signs of clinical development, presenting satisfactory results. Discussion: Canine splenomegaly can be associated with a variety of disease possibilities. In asymptomatic canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL), the slight increase in spleen and the presence of splenic nodules may lead to a false diagnosis. Splenic nodules may be associated with dogs of advanced age and may be due to lymphoid nodular hyperplasia, which causes nodules with echogenicity, hyperechoic regions with well demarcated irregularity, with centralized hypoechoic areas and an absence of hematological and biochemical alterations. The cause of splenomegaly associated with nodules may be difficult to diagnose and require much time and effort. Therefore, diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis of high lethality must be the priority in differential diagnosis in endemic areas in order to minimize the risk of transmission. In addition to allowing an early intervention aiming at good animal health results and preventive measures, such as the use of repellent collars that reduce the risk of phlebotomo infection. The differential diagnosis of CVL is necessary in endemic areas, even in asymptomatic dogs that may present splenic alterations suggestive of other diseases. Treatment with 2% miltefosine was shown to be, in this case, effective at reducing the splenic nodules and a good alternative for the quality of life of the animal.(AU)

Síndrome do eutireoideo doente e alterações nos hormônios tireoidianos em cães com hemoparasitoses / Euthyroid sick syndrome and changes in thyroid hormones in dogs with hemoparasitosis

Background: Hemoparasitoses are extremely important in the clinical routine because they affect a large number of dogs. In spite ofthe abundance of studies on this topic, hormonal alterations caused by infection with these agents are still poorly known. Therefore,the goal of this work was to assess the serum levels of thyroid hormones of dogs infected with Ehrlichia canis (E. canis) alone, anddogs infected with E. canis and Babesia canis vogeli (B. vogeli) and/or Anaplasma platys (A. platys) before and after treatment withdoxycycline chlorohydrate. This study also aimed at checking for presence of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) in these animals.Materials, Methods & Results: The concentrations of the thyroid hormones total triiodothyronine (TT3), total tetraiodothyronine (TT4),free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), and canine thyroid-stimulating hormone (cTSH) were assessed by chemiluminescence in 12 dogs. Nestedpolymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to confirm diagnoses. The dogs were divided into 2 groups: G1, which comprised animalsinfected by E. canis alone, and G2, which included animals simultaneously infected by E. canis and B. vogeli and/or A. platys. Theserum concentrations of the thyroid hormones were measured at two time points: before (D1) and after (D2) the 28-day treatment withgeneric doxycycline chlorohydrate (DC) at a dose of 10 mg/kg SID. On D2, another nPCR was carried out to check the efficacy of thetreatment. On D2, in both groups, all dogs became negative for E. canis; however, 8 animals remained infected or were reinfected byother hemoparasites. On D1, 4 dogs in G1 exhibited low TT3 in conjunction with low TT4; one of the dogs had increased TT3 alone,and another dog had an increased TT3 accompanied by decreased TT4. In G2, on D1, one dog exhibited high TT3 accompanied by adecreased concentration of TT4; 2 dogs had decreased TT4; 2 dogs had increased TT3; and one dog had both TT3 and TT4 decreased...

Occurrence of tick-borne diseases in domestic dogs in Belém, Pará, Brazil / Ocorrência de doenças transmitidas por carrapatos em cães domésticos em Belém do Pará, Brasil

Tick-borne blood cell pathogens, which are challenging to diagnose, are primarily detected using molecular techniques. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the main infectious agents involved in 50 cases of suspected hemoparasitosis in dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital Mário Dias Teixeira of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon. Hematological parameters were evaluated, and blood samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for DNA amplification of the following species: Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Babesia canis. The PCR test results indicated that the most prevalent infectious agent was E. canis, present in 12% (6/50) infected animals, followed by A. platys and B. canis, present in 8% (4/50) and 2% (1/50) infected animals, respectively. Regarding hematological analysis, the most relevant changes were anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and leukopenia. The availability of molecular techniques allows the management of the most appropriate treatment to infected animals in a rapid and specific way.(AU)

Patógenos de células sanguíneas transmitidos por carrapatos, cujo diagnóstico é desafiador, são detectados princi-palmente por meio de técnicas moleculares. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo detectar os principais agentes infec-ciosos envolvidos em 50 casos de suspeita de hemoparasitose em cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Mário Dias Teixeira da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Parâmetros hematológicos foram avaliados e amostras de sangue foram subme-tidas a ensaios de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para amplificação de DNA das seguintes espécies: Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys e Babesia canis. Os resultados do teste de PCR indicaram que o agente infeccioso mais prevalente foi E. canis, presente em 12% (6/50) dos animais infectados, seguido por A. platys e B. canis, presente em 8% (4/50) e 2% (1/50) animais infectados, respectivamente. Em relação à análise hematológica, as alterações mais relevantes foram anemia, linfopenia, trom-bocitopenia, leucocitose e leucopenia. A disponibilidade de técnicas moleculares permite o manejo do tratamento mais ade-quado aos animais infectados de forma rápida e específica.(AU)

Síndrome do eutireoideo doente e alterações nos hormônios tireoidianos em cães com hemoparasitoses / Euthyroid sick syndrome and changes in thyroid hormones in dogs with hemoparasitosis

Background: Hemoparasitoses are extremely important in the clinical routine because they affect a large number of dogs. In spite ofthe abundance of studies on this topic, hormonal alterations caused by infection with these agents are still poorly known. Therefore,the goal of this work was to assess the serum levels of thyroid hormones of dogs infected with Ehrlichia canis (E. canis) alone, anddogs infected with E. canis and Babesia canis vogeli (B. vogeli) and/or Anaplasma platys (A. platys) before and after treatment withdoxycycline chlorohydrate. This study also aimed at checking for presence of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) in these animals.Materials, Methods & Results: The concentrations of the thyroid hormones total triiodothyronine (TT3), total tetraiodothyronine (TT4),free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), and canine thyroid-stimulating hormone (cTSH) were assessed by chemiluminescence in 12 dogs. Nestedpolymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to confirm diagnoses. The dogs were divided into 2 groups: G1, which comprised animalsinfected by E. canis alone, and G2, which included animals simultaneously infected by E. canis and B. vogeli and/or A. platys. Theserum concentrations of the thyroid hormones were measured at two time points: before (D1) and after (D2) the 28-day treatment withgeneric doxycycline chlorohydrate (DC) at a dose of 10 mg/kg SID. On D2, another nPCR was carried out to check the efficacy of thetreatment. On D2, in both groups, all dogs became negative for E. canis; however, 8 animals remained infected or were reinfected byother hemoparasites. On D1, 4 dogs in G1 exhibited low TT3 in conjunction with low TT4; one of the dogs had increased TT3 alone,and another dog had an increased TT3 accompanied by decreased TT4. In G2, on D1, one dog exhibited high TT3 accompanied by adecreased concentration of TT4; 2 dogs had decreased TT4; 2 dogs had increased TT3; and one dog had both TT3 and TT4 decreased...(AU)

Thromboelastometry assessment of mycophenolate mofetil effect on thrombotic risk in dogs with primary and secondary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia and by Erhlichia canis infection / [Avaliação por tromboelastometria do efeito do micofenolato de mofetila no risco trombótico em cães com anemia hemolítica imunomediada primária e secundária à infecção por Erhlichia canis]

This study aimed to identify, by means of thromboelastometry assessment, altered thrombotic risk in dogs with primary and secondary IMHA by E. canis infection after initiating the immunosuppressive therapy with mycophenolate mofetil. The animals' screening was based on complete blood count (CBC), biochemical and urine tests. Dogs with moderate to severe anemia (hematocrit ≤ 25%) which showed symptoms of immune-mediated hemolysis, such as spherocytosis, positive saline agglutination, bilirubinuria and/or hemoglobinuria, were included. Blood and urine samples were collected at two different moments. The first sample (M1) was collected at the time of diagnosis, when hematocrit was lower or equal to 25% before treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (Accord ®); the second sample (M2) was collected after treatment with mycophenolate mofetil, when hematocrit was greater or equal to 30%. Five out of the twelve animals selected died before the end of the study. No reduction in thrombotic risk was observed in the animals treated with mycophenolate mofetil. The animals that presented hypocoagulation at the time of diagnosis showed the worst prognosis, and their reticulocyte count displayed a better prognostic value than their erythrocytes count at the time of diagnosis.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi esclarecer se há alteração do risco trombótico em cães com anemia hemolítica imunomediada primária e secundária a E.canis, avaliado por meio da tromboelastometria, após início de tratamento com micofenolato de mofetila. A seleção dos animais foi baseada na avaliação de hemograma, exame bioquímico e urinálise. Cães com anemia moderada a severa (hematócrito ≤ 25%), com sinais de hemólise imunomediada, como esferocitose, aglutinação em salina positivo, bilirrubinúria e/ ou hemoglobinúria, foram incluídos. As amostras de sangue e urina foram coletadas em dois momentos diferentes. A primeira amostra (M1) foi coletada no momento do diagnóstico, quando o hematócrito era igual ou inferior a 25%, sem fazer uso do micofenolato de mofetila (Accord®), e o segundo momento (M2), após tratamento com micofenolato de mofetila, quando o hematócrito era igual ou maior que 30%. Doze animais foram selecionados, cinco morreram antes do término do estudo. Não houve diminuição do risco trombótico entre os animais tratados com micofenolato de mofetila; os animais que apresentaram menor coagulabilidade apresentaram pior prognóstico, e a contagem de reticulócitos apresentou melhor valor prognóstico do que a contagem de hemácias no momento do diagnóstico.(AU)

Atypical spleen hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in a dog

Background: The histiocytic sarcoma (HS) complex is a set of malignant neoplasms originating from interstitial dendritic cells or macrophages. When it involves macrophages of the splenic red pulp and bone marrow, it is referred to as hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma (HHS). HHS behaves more aggressively than HS and is usually fatal. HHS can be diagnosed by cytological and histopathological examination of neoplastic tissue. HHS is confirmed by immunohistochemistry using an anti-CD11d antibody. This neoplasm is often confused with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or Evans syndrome due to erythrophagocytosis and platelet consumption. The clinical presentation of the animals progresses with evident anemia and thrombocytopenia, leading to signs such as prostration, inappetence, and pale mucosa, making diagnosis challenging and often late. This study aimed to report the clinic-pathological aspects of a canine with atypical hemophagocytic splenic HS. Case: A 4-year-old male Shih-Tzu canine was referred to the Veterinary Hospital with a history of prostration and anorexia. Pale mucous membranes were observed on physical examination. Blood tests revealed non-regenerative anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Serum protein levels were below the reference values for the species in biochemical examinations. Hemoparasitosis was suspected; however, the result of the polymerase chain reaction was negative. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a splenomegaly with heterogeneous parenchyma and a slightly irregular surface, but no visible mass in the spleen. Due to the difficulty of stabilizing the patient, even after successive transfusions, the animal underwent exploratory laparotomy with medial access and posterior splenectomy. Subsequently, the spleen was surgically removed, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and processed routinely. Macroscopically, it had an irregular reddish-brown capsular surface. Histopathological examination of the spleen revealed a densely cellular neoplasm composed of round to spindle cells (histiocytes) arranged haphazardly in variably sized sheets separating the pre-existing spleen stroma. These histopathological findings were consistent with a histiocytic malignant neoplasm. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to better define the origin of the histiocytic neoplasm. Neoplastic cells showed positive immunostaining of more than 80% of tumor cells for the CD11d antibody and weak immunostaining for CD11c and lysozyme. The patient survived for less than 30 days after the first hospital visit. Discussion: The diagnosis of HHS was based on the histological characteristics and positive immunostaining of more than 80% of the tumor cells for the CD11d antibody. HHS is an extremely aggressive and rare tumor that affects elderly dogs of any breed. In this study, HHS had atypical histologic characteristics, in which erythrophagocytosis and hemosiderin were not observed within macrophages. HHSs arise from macrophages of the red pulp of the spleen or bone marrow and express the b2 integrin, CD11d, and have low expression of CD1 and CD11c, which are predominantly expressed by non-hemophagocytic HS. The hematological and biochemical changes observed in this case were similar to those described in other dogs with HHS. Treatment of HHS is only palliative. Erlichia ewingii, E. canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, Borrelia burgdorferi, Dirofilaria immitis, Leishmania infantum and immune-mediated hemolytic anemia are the main differential diagnoses because they cause anemia and thrombocytopenia accompanied by splenomegaly.

Molecular detection of Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in a hospital population of dogs clinically diagnosed with hemoparasitosis / Detecção molecular de Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis e Anaplasma platys em uma população hospitalar de cães diagnosticados clinicamente com hemoparasitoses

There is an increase in tick-borne diseases in dogs in urban and rural areas in Brazil and some of these are of public health importance. Rhipicephalus sanguineus-transmitted hemoparasitoses are the main causes of mortality in dogs. The present study investigated the molecular occurrence of Ehrlichiacanis, Babesia vogeli and Anaplasma platys in dogs with clinical sings and hematological abnormalities suggestive of tick-borne diseases. These dogs were seen at a Veterinary Hospital of a Public University between January 2014 and December 2016, and were evaluated through anamnesis, clinical examination and complementary exams. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to detect the presence of hemoparasites DNA. From the 461 dogs that were tested for B. vogeli, 10.6% (49/461) were positive, the associated variable was age. Regarding the 730 animals screened for E. canis, 15.1% (110/730) were positive, and the infection was associated with hematocrit and number of platelets. Relative to the 86 samples evaluated for A. platys, 15.1% (13/86) were positive, and no variable presented statistical significance. From the animals positive for B. vogeli, no of these showed positivity by qPCR for Rangelia vitalii. It is concluded that the occurrence of hemoparasitosis in dogs from the Londrina region is common. Therefore, it is emphasized that molecular techniques should be used as an auxiliary tool for the differential diagnosis of the different etiological agents causing hemoparasitosis. Additionally, these molecular tools are essential for better investigation and preventive assertiveness because it allows to detect parasite DNA.

Há um aumento na ocorrência das doenças transmitidas carrapato em cães em áreas urbanas e rurais no Brasil, algumas, inclusive, são de importância para a saúde pública. As hemoparasitoses transmitidas por Rhipicephalus sanguineus estão entre as principais causas de mortalidade em cães. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência por meio de detecção molecular de Ehrlichia canis, Babesiavogeli e Anaplasma platys em cães com sinais clínicos e anormalidades hematológicas sugestivas de doenças transmitidas por carrapatos. Esses cães foram atendidos em um hospital veterinário de uma universidade pública entre janeiro de 2014 e dezembro de 2016, onde foram avaliados por anamnese, exame clínico e exames complementares. A técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase foi utilizada para detectar a presença de hemoparasitas. Dos 461 cães testados para B. vogeli, 10,6% (49/461) foram positivos, a variável associada foi a idade. Em relação aos 730 animais testados para E. canis, 15,1%(110/730) foram positivos, e a infecção foi associada ao hematócrito e ao número de plaquetas. Das86 amostras testadas para A. platys, 15,1% (13/86) foram positivas e nenhuma variável apresentou significância estatística. Dentre os animais positivos para B. vogeli, nenhum foi positivo no qPCR para Rangelia vitalii. Conclui-se que a ocorrência de hemoparasitose em cães da região de Londrina é comum. Assim, enfatiza-se que as técnicas moleculares devem ser utilizadas como ferramentas auxiliares para o diagnóstico diferencial dos diferentes agentes etiológicos causadores da hemoparasitose. Além disso, são essenciais para uma melhor investigação e assertividade preventiva, pois permitem detectar o DNA do parasita.