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Acta sci. vet. (Impr.); 41: Pub. 1112, 2013. ilus

Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1372524

Resumo

Background: Cases of sporotrichosis in male and female cats and dogs of different ages with cutaneous sporotrichosis that were treated at the dermatology service of a teaching veterinary hospital and orally administered itraconazole (ITC) were retrospectively characterized by reviewing the clinical records corresponding to a 19-year period (1993-2011). The aim of the present study was to analyze regarding clinical cure, side effects, length of treatment and relapse using ITC in the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis in cats and dogs. Materials, Methods & Results: From the assessed case series, 20 animals were selected, of which 17 (85.0%) were cats and three (15.0%) were dogs; the animals were mostly males (80.0%) and of ill-defined breeds (75.0%). Cases of sporotrichosis in male and female cats and dogs of different ages that were treated at the dermatology service of a teaching veterinary hospital and orally administered ITC (10 mg/kg) once a day. The percentage of full remission of the treated cases, regardless of their clinical form, was 100%, and no systemic or tegumentary side effects were found in the assessed animals. The average duration of treatment was 3.4 months in cats and 11.3 months in dogs, whereas the maximum duration of treatment required to resolve the clinical condition in the assessed case series of cats and dogs was 16 months, regardless of the animal species. Relapses occurred in 15.0% (one cat and two dogs) of the cases treated with the investigated antifungal agent. Discussion: The remarkable difference in the average duration of therapy required to achieve clinical cure between cats and dogs might be related to the fact that most of the cases of feline sporotrichosis were of the localized cutaneous form (82.3%). Conversely, the three cases of canine sporotrichosis were of the disseminated cutaneous form, which may have delayed the success of treatment. Clinically manifested systemic or tegumentary side effects were not reported by the pet owners or were detected by clinical examination of the animals that were subjected to treatment with ITC in the present study, which agrees with previous reports. However, given the retrospective character of this research complementary laboratory exams are lacking and thus it cannot be asserted that alterations do not exist. Therapeutic failure was not observed with the use of ITC in the investigated cases of canine and feline sporotrichosis. Clinical relapse occurred in two dogs and one cat, all of which exhibited the disseminated cutaneous form, which might have predisposed them to clinical recrudescence. In addition, the evident difference in the percentage of relapse between the two species might be correlated with the higher prevalence of the disseminated cutaneous form among the investigated dogs (100%) compared with the cats (40%). Of the animals that exhibited relapse, one dog had been treated with topical corticoids for the previous three months. According to the literature, glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressants are contraindicated in dogs and cats with sporotrichosis. The cat, in turn, exhibited respiratory disease complex in addition to sporotrichosis, which might be related to the clinical relapse. In conclusion, ITC is efficacious in the treatment of sporotrichosis in cats and dogs and does not induce apparent side effects.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1