Portal de Pesquisa da BVS Veterinária

Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-200068

Resumo

O presente estudo objetivou analisar a captura, transporte, adaptação e reprodução de matrizes selvagens de Lophiosilurus alexandri às condições de laboratório.Foram realizadas duas campanhas para coletas de exemplares a partir de habitats naturais. Os animais sobreviventes da primeira (7) e segunda (17) captura foram divididos em quatro tanques de 5 m3 , sendo em dois deles adicionada camada de areia e mantidos a temperatura de 28ºC. As desovas ocorreram de forma natural 30 dias após o aumento da temperatura, mas somente nos tanques com fundo de areia. No primeiro período reprodutivo foram coletados 24 desovas nestes tanques. No segundo período reprodutivo os animais foram sexados por canulação e distribuídos novamente em quatro tanques, revestidos com areia no fundo e mantidos a temperatura de 28ºC. Em todos os tanques ocorreram desovas num total de 36. Durante a etapa de reprodução, foram coletadas amostras de ovos, larvas recém eclodidas (LRE) e larvas no final do período lecitotrófico (oito dias pós eclosão) (LFL) para determinação do perfil de aminoácidos e de ácidos graxos. A proteína bruta não apresentou variações no decorrer do desenvolvimento (P>0,05) e a concentração de lipídeos foi superior em LRE(P<0,05). O aminoácido (AA) encontrado em maior concentração em ovos, LREe LFL foi a Glutamina . Os AA indispensáveis (IAA) Isoleucina, leucina e valina sofreram redução em (LFL), enquanto em ovos LRE os valores foram superiores e semelhantes entre si. A arginina e lisina apresentaram valores inferiores e semelhantes em ovos e LRE e aumentaram sua participação em LFL. Os AA dispensáveis (DAA) como ácido aspártico, tirosina e glicina aumentaram em LFL enquanto a alanina foi reduzida nesta fase de vida.Com relação aos lipídios neutros (NL) sua porcentagem aumentou nas larvas LFL. O SFA (ácidos graxos saturados) reduziu durante o desenvolvimento ontogenético, enquanto MUFA (ácidos graxos monoinsaturados) foi reduzido somente em LF

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This study aimed to analyse the capture, transport, adaptation and reproduction of Lophiosilurus alexandri wild breeders when moved to laboratory conditions.Two sampling sessions in natural habitats were carried out. The surviving animals from the first and second sampling sessions were placed into four 5 m3 tanks. A layer of sand was added to two tanks and they were kept at a temperature of 28ºC. Spawning occurred naturally 30 days after temperature rise, but only in tanks with a sand bottom. In the first reproductive period, 24 spawnings were collected from these tanks. In the second reproductive period, the animals were sexed by cannulation and divided again into four tanks with sand on the bottom and kept at a temperature of 28ºC. Spawning occurred in all tank s, totaling 36. During reproduction, samples of eggs, newly hatched larvae (NHL), and larvae at the end of lecithotrophic period (eight days after hatching) (LPL) were collected to determine the amino acid and fatty acid profiles. Crude protein did not change throughout the experiment (P > 0.05) and concentration of lipids was highest in NHL (P < 0.05). G Lutamine was the amino acid (AA) found in the highest concentrations in eggs, NHL, and LPL. The essential amino acids (EAA) isoleucine, Leucine, and valine decreased in LPL, while in eggs and NHL, the values were higher and similar to each other. Arginine and lysine showed lower and similar amounts in eggs and NHL and increased in LPL. The dispensable amino acids (DAA), such as aspartic acid, tyrosine, And glycine increased in LPL while alanine decreased in this stage of life. The neutral lipids (NL) percentage increased in LPL larvae. The SFA (saturated fatty acids) decreased during ontogeny, while MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids) decreased only in LPL. The PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) was high est in LPL,probably due to increased percentages of the fatty acids Arachidonic (20:4n-6) (ARA), Eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n3) (EPA), and Docosahexaenoic (C22:6 n3) (DHA). Polar fatty acids (PL) were found in larger percentages in eggs and NHL and decreased in LPL. The SFA decreased during ontogenetic development, while MUFA decreased only in LPL. The PUFA was highest in LPL, probably due to the increased percentage of ARA and DHA. The percentage of EPA remained unchanged throughout the experiment. The pacamã is able to adapt and reproduce in laboratory conditions, and it is possible to manipulate its reproductive period by controlling the water temperature and food. Protein is kept during ontogenetic development although there were changes in the amino acid classes, such as a decrease (IAA) of isoleucine, leucine, and valine in LPL. L. alexandri preferably use SAFA sand MUFA sas an energy source,from both the NL and PL fractions,during its early development.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1