Portal de Pesquisa da BVS Veterinária

Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-221434

Resumo

Considerado como um dos alimentos mais consumidos no mundo, leite tem um papel importante no mercado brasileiro, que se mostra equilibrado e com tendências de crescimento, sendo que no Estado de Mato Grosso, as propriedades de agricultura familiar são responsáveis por 55% da produção de leite do estado e 21% do agronegócio nacional. Para permanecer na cadeia de produção de leite é necessário que o produtor mantenha qualidade do leite, por meio de controles e programas de qualidade, que vão desde o campo até a mesa do consumidor, com o objetivo de minimizar a contaminação do leite. Esta contaminação pode ser oriunda de micro-organismos causadores de mastite bovina, em decorrência das dificuldades encontradas para a realização do controle de qualidade da cadeia de produção do leite, falhas no tratamento da mastite, relacionadas especialmente ao aumento de resistência bacteriana. Este fato deve-se ao uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, muitas vezes associados, a falta de informação técnica, como a suscetibilidade das bactérias aos agentes antimicrobianos utilizados. Sendo assim, o presente estudo buscou identificar a ocorrência e o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana dos principais agentes etiológicos causadores de mastite bovina na região Centro-Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso. Foram selecionadas oito propriedades leiteiras, localizadas na mesorregião Centro-Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso, que apresentavam resultados elevados na contagem de células somáticas e elevada contagem de bactérias totais no leite. Um total de 11 coletas de leite bovino foram retiradas diretamente do resfriador mecânico de cada uma das oito propriedades, entre os meses de fevereiro a maio de 2019, totalizando 88 amostras. Das 88 amostras de leite analisadas, 27,27% (24/88) apresentaram crescimento de Escherichia coli e 57,95% (51/88) apresentaram crescimento de Staphylococcus aureus. Dentre os 20 antibióticos testados para avaliação do perfil de resistência dos isolados de E. coli e S. aureus, foi possível observar um elevado percentual de resistência para ampicilina e rifampicina. Conclui-se com os resultados do presente estudo que o leite cru pode ser fonte de exposição a cepas de E. coli e S. aureus, em decorrência de práticas inadequadas na criação de animais na mesorregião Centro-Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso, podendo demonstrar que o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, somado a tratamentos inadequados para mastite, pode consequentemente acarreta em prejuízos econômicos e um grave risco de saúde pública.

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Considered as one of the most consumed foods in the world, milk has an important role in the Brazilian market, which is balanced and with growth trends, and in the State of Mato Grosso, family farms are responsible for 55% of the production of state milk and 21% of national agribusiness. To remain in the milk production chain, it is necessary for the producer to maintain milk quality, through quality controls and programs, ranging from the field to the consumer's table, in order to minimize contamination of the milk. This contamination may come from microorganisms that cause bovine mastitis, due to the difficulties encountered in carrying out quality control of the milk production chain, failures in the treatment of mastitis, especially related to the increase in bacterial resistance. This fact is due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, often associated, the lack of technical information, such as the susceptibility of bacteria to the antimicrobial agents used. Thus, the present study sought to identify the occurrence and profile of antimicrobial resistance of the main etiologic agents that cause bovine mastitis in the Center-South region of the State of Mato Grosso. Eight dairy properties were selected, located in the Central-South mesoregion of the State of Mato Grosso, which presented high results in the count of somatic cells and high count of total bacteria in the milk. A total of 11 collections of bovine milk were taken directly from the mechanical cooler of each of the eight properties, between the months of February to May 2019, totaling 88 samples. Of the 88 milk samples analyzed, 27.27% (24/88) showed growth of Escherichia coli and 57.95% (51/88) showed growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Among the 20 antibiotics tested to evaluate the resistance profile of E. coli and S. aureus isolates, it was possible to observe a high percentage of resistance for ampicillin and rifampicin. It is concluded with the results of the present study that raw milk can be a source of exposure to strains of E. coli and S. aureus, due to inadequate practices in animal husbandry in the Central-South mesoregion of the State of Mato Grosso, and may demonstrate that the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, combined with inadequate treatments for mastitis, can consequently result in economic losses and a serious public health risk.Considered as one of the most consumed foods in the world, milk has an important role in the Brazilian market, which is balanced and with growth trends, and in the State of Mato Grosso, family farms are responsible for 55% of the production of state milk and 21% of national agribusiness. To remain in the milk production chain, it is necessary for the producer to maintain milk quality, through quality controls and programs, ranging from the field to the consumer's table, in order to minimize contamination of the milk. This contamination may come from microorganisms that cause bovine mastitis, due to the difficulties encountered in carrying out quality control of the milk production chain, failures in the treatment of mastitis, especially related to the increase in bacterial resistance. This fact is due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, often associated, the lack of technical information, such as the susceptibility of bacteria to the antimicrobial agents used. Thus, the present study sought to identify the occurrence and profile of antimicrobial resistance of the main etiologic agents that cause bovine mastitis in the Center-South region of the State of Mato Grosso. Eight dairy properties were selected, located in the Central-South mesoregion of the State of Mato Grosso, which presented high results in the count of somatic cells and high count of total bacteria in the milk. A total of 11 collections of bovine milk were taken directly from the mechanical cooler of each of the eight properties, between the months of February to May 2019, totaling 88 samples. Of the 88 milk samples analyzed, 27.27% (24/88) showed growth of Escherichia coli and 57.95% (51/88) showed growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Among the 20 antibiotics tested to evaluate the resistance profile of E. coli and S. aureus isolates, it was possible to observe a high percentage of resistance for ampicillin and rifampicin. It is concluded with the results of the present study that raw milk can be a source of exposure to strains of E. coli and S. aureus, due to inadequate practices in animal husbandry in the Central-South mesoregion of the State of Mato Grosso, and may demonstrate that the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, combined with inadequate treatments for mastitis, can consequently result in economic losses and a serious public health risk.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1