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The proteasome displays three distinct proteolytic activities. Currently, proteasome inhibitors are evaluated using specific fluorescent substrates for each of the individual active sites. However, the photophysical properties of the commonly used fluorophores are similar and thus, the simultaneous monitoring of the three proteolytic activities is not possible. We have developed a bimodal fluorescent fluorinated substrate as a novel tool to study the chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) proteolytic activity and its regulation by inhibitors and by substrates of trypsin-like (T-L) and caspase-like sites (PA). We demonstrate that this substrate is reliable to evaluate the ChT-L inhibitory activity of new molecules either by fluorescence or (19)F NMR spectroscopy. We have found that the ChT-L activity is dramatically reduced in the presence of T-L and PA substrates. This work provides a proof of concept that the fluorinated substrate enables investigation of the allosteric regulation of the ChT-L activity.
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Quimotripsina/metabolismo , Flúor/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/metabolismo , Regulação Alostérica , Animais , Cumarínicos/síntese química , Cumarínicos/química , Cumarínicos/metabolismo , Hidrazinas/química , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Oligopeptídeos/química , Oligopeptídeos/metabolismo , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Coelhos , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
Important policy questions during infections disease outbreaks include: i) How effective are particular interventions?; ii) When can resource-intensive interventions be removed? We used mathematical modelling to address these questions during the 2017 Ebola outbreak in Likati Health Zone, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Eight cases occurred before 15 May 2017, when the Ebola Response Team (ERT; co-ordinated by the World Health Organisation and DRC Ministry of Health) was deployed to reduce transmission. We used a branching process model to estimate that, pre-ERT arrival, the reproduction number was R = 1.49 (95% credible interval ( 0.67, 2.81 ) ). The risk of further cases occurring without the ERT was estimated to be 0.97 (97%). However, no cases materialised, suggesting that the ERT's measures were effective. We also estimated the risk of withdrawing the ERT in real-time. By the actual ERT withdrawal date (2 July 2017), the risk of future cases without the ERT was only 0.01, indicating that the ERT withdrawal decision was safe. We evaluated the sensitivity of our results to the estimated R value and considered different criteria for determining the ERT withdrawal date. This research provides an extensible modelling framework that can be used to guide decisions about when to relax interventions during future outbreaks.
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Surtos de Doenças , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola/epidemiologia , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , República Democrática do Congo/epidemiologia , Modelos Teóricos , EbolavirusRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the risk brought by the traditional practice in the evolution of the foreign bodies of the aesophagus. CASE REPORT: 30 years old male with migration from the oesophagus of a fish bone in soft tissue of the neck, which could have been favored by the traditional practice. The diagnosis of migration was suspected when a laterocervical mass appeared after a traditional processing. The rigid aesophagoscopy was negative and the scanner allowed to identify the foreign body in an extraluminal location. It was removed by cervicotomy. Postoperative was uneventful.
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Esôfago/patologia , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico , Migração de Corpo Estranho/diagnóstico , Adulto , Esôfago/cirurgia , Corpos Estranhos/patologia , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Migração de Corpo Estranho/patologia , Migração de Corpo Estranho/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Esvaziamento CervicalRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and trends in the number of patients presenting with breast diseases (BD), their evolution in time, and the referral route. METHODS: We reviewed all patients with breast disease who consulted at the Unit of Surgical Oncology of Donka from May 2007 to December 2009, examining the distribution of breast diseases. The numbers of women diagnosed with breast cancers was analysed with respect to time and referral source. RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in the number of patients presenting with breast diseases from year to year: 66 cases in 2007, 134 in 2008 and 227 in 2009. Of 423 patients with breast disease, 184 (43.5%) were diagnosed with breast cancer: 178 women and 6 men. Moreover, the percentage with breast cancer varied significantly according to referral route (p<10-3); 56.0% among patients referred by health professionals and 22.3% in women who self-referred. Mean age at diagnosis of breast cancer was 48 years (n=178), 52.2% were post-menopausal. Women with breast cancer had on average 4.7 full term pregnancies. The tumor was considered aggressive in 62.9% of women because of the rapidity of its evolution. Early stage at diagnosis was made only for 4.3% of the cases. The hormone receptor were positive in 4 of 13 cases (30.7%), and the Cerb2 oncogene was over expressed in 8 of 11 cases (72.7%). CONCLUSION: A better organisation of the consultation services in a unit of oncology in a developing country can allow a better sorting and a good orientation of the patients and thus allow the early detection of the breast cancer. This requires adequate awareness of the population, a better involvement and adequate training of the health professionals dedicated to the tasks. The study of the Cerb2's expression and the hormone receptor are to be considered for better understanding the aggressiveness of the breast cancer found in our practice.
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Doenças Mamárias/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Hospitais Universitários , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Adulto , Doenças Mamárias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to report the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic characteristics of the first COVID 19 patients in intensive care. PATIENTS AND METHOD: retrospective descriptive and analyticalstudy over 4 months, covering all adult patients tested positive for SARS-Cov-2 and admitted to intensive care. RESULTS: 49 patients, 35 men and 14 women (2% of cases) were admitted to intensive care. The median age was 64 years [26 - 92]. Hypertension (16; 32.6%), and diabetes (11; 22.4%) were the mostcommoncomorbidities. The most common symptoms on admission were cough (38; 80.9%), shortness of breath (35; 74.5%), and fever (33; 70.2%). The median time to onset of symptoms was 11 days. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) was used in 21 patients (42.9%). Fourteen (28.6%) wereintubated and put onassisted ventilation. The mean hospital stay was 7.77 ± 7.30 days. We recorded 20 (40.8%) deaths. Factors associated with death were high blood pressure, onset of shock, and on mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSION: Covid-19 remains a public healthproblemwith high morbidity and mortality. The morbidity and mortalityfactorsare: comorbidities and the severity of the clinicalpicture.
OBJECTIF: rapporter les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques et thérapeutiques des premiers patients COVID 19 en réanimation. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique sur 4 mois, portant sur l'ensemble des patients adultes testés positif au SARS-Cov-2 et admis en réanimation. RÉSULTATS: 49 patients, 35 hommes et 14 femmes (2% des cas) étaient admis en réanimation. L'âge médian était de 64 ans [26 92]. L'HTA (16 ; 32,6%), et le diabète (11 ; 22,4%) étaient les comorbidités les plus fréquentes. Les symptômes les plus fréquents à l'admission étaient la toux (38 ; 80,9%), l'essoufflement (35 ; 74,5%), et la fièvre (33 ; 70,2%). Le délai médian d'apparition des symptômes était de 11 jours. La ventilation non invasive (VNI) a été utilisée chez 21 patients (42,9%). Quatorze (28,6%) ont été intubés et mise sous ventilation assistée. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 7,77 ± 7,30 jours. Nous avons enregistré 20 (40,8%) décès. Les facteurs associés au décès étaient l'hypertension artérielle, la survenue d'un état de choc, la mise sous ventilation assistée. CONCLUSION: la Covid-19 reste un problème de santé publique avec une morbi mortalité élevée. Les facteurs de morbi-mortalité sont : les comorbidités et la sévérité du tableau clinique.
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Background: Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy (PME) is a heterogeneous group of pathologies associating epileptic seizures and other neurological and non-neurological disorders. Objectives: We aim to characterize patients with symptoms of PME and identify the underlying genetic disorder. Methods: After informed consent, the patients seen in the protocol for hereditary neurological diseases and presenting signs of epilepsy without a secondary cause were clinically evaluated over a three-year period in the Department of Neurology of the CHU Point "G". EEG, brain imaging and laboratory tests were performed to consolidate our diagnosis. DNA was extracted for genetic analysis. Results: 141 families including five families with PME totaling eight cases were enrolled. The predominant symptoms in our patients were myoclonus in 87.5% (N = 8), followed by GTCS and cognitive impairment in 50%, each. A notion of parental consanguinity was found in 60% and autosomal recessive transmission evoked in 80% (N = 5). The EEG was pathological in 62.5% and imaging showed ponto-cerebellar atrophy in 25% (N = 8). The combination of sodium valproate and clonazepam was the main treatment. One case of death was recorded. Conclusion: We report cases of PME in Mali with a possibility of discovering new genes.
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Epilepsia , Epilepsias Mioclônicas Progressivas , Neurologia , Síndrome de Unverricht-Lundborg , Humanos , Universidades , Epilepsias Mioclônicas Progressivas/diagnóstico , Epilepsias Mioclônicas Progressivas/genética , Epilepsias Mioclônicas Progressivas/complicações , Epilepsia/complicações , Síndrome de Unverricht-Lundborg/complicações , Hospitais de EnsinoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Contraceptive prevalence is low in Mali. The information provided by the media men can help to increase or decrease the use of contraceptive methods. OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Bamako media Men on family planning. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective data collection from June 1 to August 30, 2019. It concerned journalists and presenters of 15 radio and 6 televisions in Bamako. RESULTS: During the 3 months, 615 media Men agreed to participate in this study. These are men and women from 36 to 45 years old in 37.2% of cases, married in 81.3% of cases. The radio with 85.5% was their main source of information on family planning. They all knew at least one contraceptive method. The best-known methods were pills (94.3%), injectables (57%) and implants (49.1%). They were in favor of the practice of family planning in 77.2% of cases, 76.9% had already used a method and 56.7% had already hosted a program on family planning. CONCLUSION: Media men are essential in the transmission of information. The quality of the information provided by these Media men can be influenced by their personal perceptions and attitudes. Their better involvement in the promotion of family planning can help to increase contraceptive prevalence.
INTRODUCTION: La prévalence contraceptive est faible au Mali. Les informations transmises par les Hommes de médias peuvent contribuer à augmenter ou à diminuer l'utilisation des méthodes contraceptives. OBJECTIF: Etudier les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des Hommes de médias de Bamako sur la planification familiale. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale descriptive avec collecte prospective des données du 1er juin au 30 août 2019. Elle a concerné les journalistes et les animateurs de 15 radios et 6 télévisions de Bamako. RÉSULTATS: Durant les 3 mois, 615 Hommes de médias de Bamako ont accepté de participer à cette étude. Il s'agissait d'hommes et de femmes âgés de 36 à 45 ans dans 37,2% des cas, mariés dans 81,3% des cas. La radio avec 85,5% était leur principale source d'information sur la planification familiale. Ils connaissaient tous au moins une méthode contraceptive. Les méthodes les plus connues étaient les pilules (94,3%), les injectables (57%) et les implants (49,1%). Ils étaient favorables à la pratique de la planification familiale dans 77,2% des cas, 76,9% avaient déjà utilisé une méthode et 56,7% avaient déjà animé une émission sur la planification familiale. CONCLUSION: Les Hommes de médias sont essentiels dans la transmission de l'information. La qualité de l'information fournie par ces Hommes de médias peut être influencée par leurs perceptions et attitudes personnelles. Leur meilleure implication dans la promotion de la planification familiale peut contribuer à augmenter la prévalence contraceptive.
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Introduction: Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCA) are a group of rare and heterogynous neurodegenerative diseases mainly characterized by unbalance and walking difficulty and movement incoordination. Objectives: To clinically and paraclinically characterize ARCA in the department of Neurology at the Teaching Hospital of Point G and identify the underlying genetic defect. Patients and method: We have conducted a longitudinal and prospective study from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients with ARCA phenotype seen in the Department of Neurology at the Teaching Hospital of Point "G" were enrolled. Results: We have enrolled 7 families totaling 13 patients after giving an informed verbal and written consent. The sex ratio was 2.2 in favor of males, Kayes region and Fulani ethnic group were respectively the most represented region and ethnic group.Walking difficulty represented the major symptom followed by loss of vibration and joint sense, nystagmus, dysarthria and skeletal deformities. Alpha-foetoprotein level was high in one patient. Genetic testing confirmed Friedreich ataxia in one family and was not conclusive in 4 families. Conclusion: This study showed that ARCA are not uncommon in Mali and genetic testing is crucial to confirm the diagnosis.
Introduction: Les ataxies cérébelleuses autosomiques récessives (ACAR) constituent un groupe de maladies neurodégénératives rares et hétérogènes caractérisées essentiellement par un trouble de l'équilibre et de la marche, et un trouble de la coordination des mouvements. Objectifs: Caractériser les signes cliniques, paracliniques et génétiques des ataxies cérébelleuses autosomiques récessives au Service de Neurologie du CHU du Point "G". Patients et méthodes: Nous avons réalisé une étude de cas enrôlé dans le cadre d'une étude longitudinale et prospective allant de Janvier 2018 à Décembre 2020, portant sur des patients présentant des symptômes d'ACAR et ayant donné leur consentement éclairé. Résultats: Nous avons enrôlé sept familles totalisant 13 patients. Le sexe ratio était de 2,2 en faveur des hommes, la région de Kayes était la plus représentée et l'ethnie peulh était majoritaire. Les troubles de la marche ont représenté les signes majeurs suivis de troubles de la sensibilité profonde, de nystagmus, de dysarthrie, et des déformations ostéoarticulaires. L'alpha-foetoprotéine était élevée chez une patiente. Le test génétique a retrouvé l'ataxie de Friedreich dans une famille et n'a pas été concluant dans quatre autres. Conclusion: Cette étude montre que les ACAR ne sont pas rares au Mali et l'exploration génétique constitue un outil indispensable pour leur diagnostic de certitude.
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Ataxia Cerebelar , Ataxia de Friedreich , Masculino , Humanos , Ataxia Cerebelar/genética , Estudos Prospectivos , Mali , Ataxia de Friedreich/genética , Testes GenéticosRESUMO
This work presents the results of the behavioural and serologic survey on HIV/AIDS conducted from December 2007 to December 2008 among the group of STD (sexually transmitted disease) patients, supposed to be at HIV infection risk. In Mauritania, the last survey of HIV seroprevalence among the STD patients goes up to the year 1995 (the prevalence was estimated then to be 0.9%). The goal was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and syphilis and to gather information on the knowledge, the sexual behaviours on a risk concerning the HIV/AIDS, and the sexually transmitted disease among these patients. The census has been made on over 224 STD patients during the period of the study, without predominance of sex and with a majority of young adults. The prevalence for HIV is 9% and for the syphilis it is 10%. Actually, the condom is widely underused by this group, even in occasional intercourse. The STD patients are a group of risk towards HIV, because of their risk behaviours and low level of knowledge.
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Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Soroprevalência de HIV , HIV-1 , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Cidades/epidemiologia , Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/sangue , HIV-1/fisiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Mauritânia/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual/fisiologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This prospective descriptive study was carried out from August 2007 to January 2008 in the emergency surgery department of Gabriel Touré Hospital in Bamako, Mali. A series of 184 patients treated for head and neck injuries was compiled. Patients presenting strictly neurosurgical lesions were excluded. Most of the patients included in this series were young single city-dwelling males (mean, age, 27 years; M/F sex ratio, 4.3. Most injuries were sustained in road traffic accidents (93%). The most common injuries were epistaxis and multiple fractures of facial bones, cervical spine and petrosal bone. These injuries ere often associated with avulsive wounds involving the external ear and nose. The main complication risks fell into four categories, i.e., circulatory loss, upper airway obstruction, functional and/or morphological impairment, and coma-related death (Glasgow score < 8). Shortage of medication and/or disposable treatment kits was a major handicap for optimal management of head and neck injuries.
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Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/epidemiologia , Lesões do Pescoço/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Ósseas/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Radiografia , Razão de MasculinidadeRESUMO
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare hematologic malignancy recognized in the WHO 2016 classification as a clinical and histological entity. It is a very poorly described disease in Africa due to its rarity and diagnostic difficulties, particularly differential diagnosis with tuberculosis. Here, we report a 57-year-old man who presented with fever, weight loss, and lymphadenopathies. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was carried out based on lymph node fine needle aspiration showing the image of tuberculous adenitis and CT images in favor of necrotic lymphadenopathies. The presence of autoantibodies and the failure of tuberculosis treatment led us to perform a biopsy with immunostaining that confirmed pathological features of AITL. The patient was treated by CHOP-based chemotherapy, and complete remission was achieved. This case highlights the difficulty of recognizing AITL and the importance of considering other potential differential diagnoses of tuberculosis in the endemic region.
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INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infections (SSI) are frequent and dangerous in the surgical ward. They represent an obsession for the surgeon. The objectives were to determine the frequency of ISOs and risk factors, to identify the germs and to study their sensitivity to different antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with prospective data collection, performed at the general surgery department of the Bocar Sidy Sall University Hospital Center (Kati CHU) from January 2015 to December 2018. RESULTS: During this period of study we recorded 55 cases of ISO out of 650 operated patients with a frequency of 8.46%. 450 patients were operated on the cold operating program (69.23%) and 200 patients on emergency (30.77%). The average age was 39, the sex ratio was 2.66. Among the 55 cases of ISO, 60% of these patients were operated in emergency and 40% in the operating program. The most common strains found were Escherichia coli (E. coli) in 38.3% of cases, Staphylococcus aureus in 23.4% and Klebsiella pneumonia in 13.3%. Hemoglobin levels were normal in 70% of cases. 4 of our patients or 7.27% were diabetic. We did not have any cases of obesity. Of the 55 cases of ISO, 66% were of class 3 and 4 of Altemeier, 59% were of ASA score 2 and ASA 3, 55% were of score 2 of NNISS (National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System), 5.45% were NNISS score 3 or 3 cases and these 3 cases developed ISO. The ISOs were parietal in 49 cases, ie 89%. The recovered germs were 100% sensitive to imipenem. The most informative interventions of the ISOs were peritonitis 25 cases (45.45%), intestinal occlusions 12 cases (21.82%), appendicular abscess 8 cases (14.55%). We had 2 death cases, 3.64%, the average hospital stay was 13 days. CONCLUSION: Escherichia coli was the common germ found in the ISO in general surgery at Kati BSS Hospital. The usual resistance to antibiotics must provoke effective preventive actions.
INTRODUCTION: Les infections du site opératoires (ISO) sont fréquentes et redoutables, au service de chirurgie. Elles représentent une hantise pour le chirurgien. Les objectifs étaient de déterminer la fréquence des ISO et les facteurs de risque, d'identifier les germes et étudier leur sensibilité aux différents antibiotiques. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: il s'agissait d'une étude transversale avec recueil prospectif des données, réalisée au service de chirurgie générale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bocar Sidy Sall (CHU BSS) de Kati allant de janvier 2015 à décembre 2018. Elle a concerné tous les patients opérés dans le service pendant cette période d'étude. N'ont pas été inclus dans cette étude les cas de biopsie. RÉSULTATS: Au cours de cette période d'étude nous avons enregistré 55 cas d'ISO sur 650 malades opérés soit une fréquence de 8,46%. 450 malades ont été opérés au programme opératoire à froid (69,23%) et 200 malades en urgence (30,77%). L'âge moyen était de 39 ans, le sex-ratio à 2,66. Parmi les 55 cas d'ISO, 60% de ces malades ont été opérés en urgence et 40% au programme opératoire. Les différentes souches les plus retrouvées étaient l'Escherichia coli (E. coli) dans 38,3% des cas, le staphylococcus aureus dans 23,4%, klebsiella pneumonia dans 13,3%. Le taux d'hémoglobine était normal dans 70% des cas. 4 de nos patients soit 7,27% étaient diabétiques. Nous n'avions pas enregistré de cas d'obésité. Parmi les 55 cas des ISO, 66 % étaient de classe 3 et 4 d'Altemeier, 59% étaient de score ASA 2 et ASA 3, 55% étaient de score 2 de NNISS (National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System), 5,45% étaient de score 3 de NNISS soit 3 cas et ces 3 cas ont développé des ISO. Les ISO étaient pariétales dans 49 cas soit 89%. Les germes retrouvés étaient sensibles à 100% à l'imipénème. Les interventions les plus pourvoyeuses des ISO étaient les péritonites 25 cas (45,45%), les occlusions intestinales 12 cas (21,82%), les abcès appendiculaires 8 cas (14,55%). Nous avions enregistré 2 cas de décès soit 3,64%, la durée moyenne d'hospitalisation a été de 13 jours. CONCLUSION: L'Escherichia coli était le germe fréquemment rencontré dans les ISO en chirurgie générale au CHU BSS de Kati. La résistance aux antibiotiques usuels doit susciter des actions préventives efficaces.
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Varicela/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idade de Início , Idoso , Comorbidade , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Superinfecção/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The fracture of the penis is a rare andrological emergency. We report 2 cases of fracture of the penis including one by false-no coitus. These were young adults aged 34 and 40 respectively. The painful swelling with deviation of the penis was the dominant symptomatology of the clinical picture of the 2 patients. Surgical management was performed with favorable functional results in both cases. The long-term functional prognosis of the fracture of the penis depends on the speed of its management.
La fracture de la verge est une urgence andrologique rare. Nous rapportons 2 cas de fracture de la verge dont un par faux-pas de coït. Il s'agissait d'adultes jeunes âgés respectivement de 34 ans et 40 ans. La tuméfaction douloureuse avec déviation de la verge a été la symptomatologie dominante du tableau clinique des 2 patients. Une prise en charge chirurgicale a été réalisée avec des résultats fonctionnels favorables dans les 2 cas. Le pronostic fonctionnel à long terme de la fracture de la verge dépend de la célérité de sa prise en charge.
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Twist is the rarest complication of Meckel's diverticulum (DM). We did not find a case published in African literature. We report a case of twisted "giant" diverticulum occurred in a 15-year-old boy who had consulted for abdominal pain. Operated in emergency, the diagnosis was intraoperative. The diverticulum was 14 cm long and 5 cm in diameter. It was twisted at its base, totally necrotic and perforated at the top. We performed a resection carrying the diverticulum followed by a terminoterminal ileal ileal anastomosis. The postoperative course was simple.
La torsion est la plus rare des complications du diverticule de Meckel (DM). Nous n'avons pas trouvé de cas publié dans la littérature africaine. Nous rapportons un cas de diverticule « géant ¼ tordu survenu chez un garçon de 15 ans qui avait consulté pour douleur abdominale. Opéré en urgence, le diagnostic était per-opératoire. Le diverticule avait 14 cm de long et 5 cm de diamètre. Il était tordu à sa base, totalement nécrosé et perforé à son sommet. Nous avons réalisé une résection emportant le diverticule suivie d'une anastomose iléo-iléale termino-terminale. Les suites opératoires ont été simples.
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INTRODUCTION: Metastatsic tumoral ascites are characterised by the presence of cancerous cells in peritoneal fluid. They are frequent at an advanced stage of cancer. The goal of our work was to study cytology's contribution in the diagnosis of metastatic ascites at the teaching hospital of Point G. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a 3 years retrospective and prospective study, from January 2013 to December 2015. The study included every ascitic samples containing malignant cells at the teaching hospital of Point G. We looked for clinical informations in the patient's fold to find the primary cancer site, the histological diagnosis and the folllowup. RESULTS: We collected data from 213 patients with ascite. Among them, 61 where malignant (28.6 %). Sixty-six percent (66%) of our patients were women. The most represented range age was from 46 to 60 years with a mean of 57.7 years. Housewives were the most frequent among our patients with a rate of 50.8%. Ovarian cancer was the first site with metastatic ascite (26%). It was followed by liver and stomach with respectively 20% and 18%. Ascite was the first clinical manifestation in 36% patients with cancer. It was isolated in 78%. After 6 months, the mortality rate was 76.6%. CONCLUSION: The cytology of ascite liquid is an imortant test for the diagnostic of metastatic ascites.
INTRODUCTION: Les ascites métastatiques cancéreuses sont caractérisées par la présence de cellules cancéreuses métastatiques dans le liquide péritonéal. Elles sont fréquentes à un stade avancé des cancers. Il s'agissait de déterminer la contribution de la cytologie au diagnostic et à l'évaluation du pronostic des ascites métastatiques dans le service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques du CHU du Point G. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODE: Notre étude s'est étendue de Janvier 2013 à Décembre 2015; soit une période de 3 ans. Elle était rétrospective et prospective incluant tous les patients dont l'étude cytologique des liquides d'ascitea mis en évidence des cellules malignes. Le dossier médical des patients a été exploité pour la recherche du site primitif et du diagnostic histologique éventuel et le suivi. RÉSULTATS: Sur 213 examens cytologiques de liquide d'ascite; 61 étaient malins, soit un taux de 28,64%. La tranche d'âge la plus répresentée était de 46 à 60 ans avec un âge moyen de 53,7 ± 14,7 ans. Le sexe féminin était dominant avec un taux de 66%. La profession la plus fréquente était les ménagères soit un taux de 50,82%. Le siège primitif le plus fréquent était l'ovaire (26%). Il était suivi par le foie et l'estomac avec respectivement 20% et 18%. L'ascite a été le signe révélateur du cancer dans 36% des cas. Elle était isolée dans 78%. Après 6 mois de suivi, le taux de mortalité était 75,6%. CONCLUSION: L'examen cytologique constitue un examen paraclinique dans le diagnoticdes ascites metastatiques cancéreuses.
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Neonatal gastric perforation (PGNN) is a rare and serious pathology when management is not early. We did not find a case published in African literature. . We report 2 cases of PGNN registered in pediatric surgery of C.H.U Gabriel TOURE. The clinical pictures were that of a neonatal occlusion. X-rays of the abdomen without preparation revealed pneumoperitoneum in both cases. Congenital origin was retained for both cases. Surgical treatment consisted of excision-suture of the perforation margins. The operative sequences were simple in both cases.
La perforation gastrique néonatale (PGNN) est une pathologie rare et grave lorsque la prise en charge n'est pas précoce. Nous n'avons pas trouvé de cas publié dans la littérature africaine. . Nous rapportons 2 cas de PGNN enregistrés en chirurgie pédiatrique du C.H.U Gabriel TOURE. Les tableaux cliniques étaient celui d'une occlusion néonatale. La radiographie de l'abdomen sans préparation a permis de mettre en évidence un pneumopéritoine dans les 2 cas. L'origine congénitale a été retenu pour les 2 cas. Le traitement chirurgical a consisté à une excision-suture des berges des perforations. Les suites opératoires ont été simples dans les 2 cas.
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Envenomation by snakebite remains a public health problem in Africa. The purpose of our work was to study the acute complications of snakebite envenomation and the risk factors for its complications. METHOD: This was a retrospective and prospective study over a period of 07 years, which was performed in the department of anesthesia resuscitation and emergencies of CHU-Mother Child "Luxembourg" of Bamako. RESULTS: During this period, 76 cases of Ophidian envenomation were recorded. The average age of the patients was 34 ± 12 years old. . The family of vipers (Echis and Bitis) was the most incriminated 84,61% of the cases. Hemorrhagic complications were observed in 78.94% of patients, other complications (cardiovascular, neurological, dermatological, ophthalmological ...) were observed in 21.05% of patients. The main risk factor for complication observed was the delay in management (> 6 hours delay) in 100% of patients. The absence of serotherapy and or the initial resort to traditional treatment have been complicating risk factors. Almost all victims of Elapidae bites, 89.9% (5/6 cases) died. Serotherapy was performed urgently in 97.4% of cases. The morbidity in our study was 10.52% with a 7.8% mortality. CONCLUSION: in our context, the management of envenomations by snake bite remains dependent on a multitude of complications. The prognosis is conditioned by the early administration of symptomatic treatment and a specific antidote.
L'envenimation par morsure de serpent reste un problème de santé publique en Afrique. Notre travail avait pour objectif d'étudier les complications aigues de l'envenimation par morsure de serpent, ainsi que les facteurs de risque de ses complications. MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et prospective sur une période de 07 ans, qui a été réalisée dans le département d'anesthésie réanimation et des urgences du CHU-Mère enfant le « Luxembourg ¼ de Bamako. RÉSULTATS: Durant cette période, 76 cas d'envenimations ophidiennes ont été enregistrés. L'âge moyen des patients était de 34±12 ans. . La famille des vipéridés (Echis et Bitis) était la plus incriminée 84,61% des cas. Les complications hémorragiques ont été observées chez 78,94% des patients, d'autres complications (cardiovasculaire, neurologique, dermatologique, ophtalmologique...) ont été observées chez 21,05% des patients. Le principal facteur de risque de survenu de complication observé, était le retard de prise en charge (délai> 6heures) Chez 100% des patients. L'absence de la sérothérapie et ou le recours initial à un traitement traditionnel ont été des facteurs de risques de complication. La presque totalité des victimes par morsures d'Elapidés soit 89,9% (5/6 cas) sont décédées. La sérothérapie a été effectuée en urgence chez 97,4% des cas. La morbidité dans notre étude a été de 10,52% avec une mortalité à 7,8%. CONCLUSION: dans notre contexte, la prise en charge des envenimations par morsure de serpent reste tributaire d'une multitude de complications. Le pronostic est conditionné par l'administration précoce d'un traitement symptomatique et d'un antidote spécifique.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To describe the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of urethral prolapse in girls in pediatric surgery. PATIENTS AND METHOD: This was a 9-year retrospective study (January 2007 to December 2015) of girls aged 0-15 years with urethral prolapse and management in the department during the study period. RESULTS: In 9 years, 18 cases of prolapsewerediagnosed, or 2 cases / year. The averageagewas 8.9 ± 3.4 yearswithextremes of 6 years and 15 years. Of the 18 cases identified, 10 werereferred. Femalegenital mutilation wasfoundin 15 (83.3%) patients, rectal prolapsewasassociatedin 2 cases (11.1%) and a cough concept in 5 (27.8%) patients. The average consultation time was 11.6 ± 7.9 dayswithextremes of 1 and 21 days. Eleven (61.1%) patients werereceivedurgently, including 2 cases (11.1%) of strangulation. Prolapsewas in the form of a roundedswelling, centered by the urethralmeatus. The mass wasblackishin 2 cases (11.1%). Shewasbleeding and painfulin 11 (61.1%) cases. Thesesignswere absent in 5 cases (27.8%). Swellingwasassociatedwithsigns of urinarydysuria and / or urinaryblightin 10 (55.5%) girls. The diagnosiswasclinical in all patients. Treatmentconsisted of excision and suturing of the prolapsedmucosa in all patients with placement of an indwellingurinarycatheter. Immediatefollow-up was simple in 16 (88.9%) patients and 2 cases (11.1%) of surgical site infection.
OBJECTIFS: décrire les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques du prolapsus urétral chez la fille en chirurgie pédiatrique. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective de 9 ans (janvier 2007 à décembre 2015) portant sur les filles de 0-15ans présentant un prolapsus urétral et prises en charge dans le service pendant la période d'étude. RÉSULTATS: en9 ans, 18 cas de prolapsus ont été diagnostiqués soit 2 cas/an. L'âge moyen était de 8,9±3,4 ans avec des extrêmes de 6 ans et 15ans. Parmi les 18 cas recensés, 10 ont été référés. Une mutilation génitale a été retrouvée chez 15 (83,3%) patientes, un prolapsus rectal était associé dans 2 cas (11,1%) et une notion de toux chez 5 (27,8%) patientes. Le délai moyen de consultation a été 11,6± 7,9 jours avec des extrêmes de 1 et 21 jours. Onze (61,1%) patientes ont été reçues en urgence parmi lesquelles 2 cas (11,1%) d'étranglement. Le prolapsus se présentait sous la forme d'une tuméfaction arrondie, centrée par le méat urétral. La masse était noirâtre dans 2 cas (11,1%). Elle était saignante et douloureuse dans 11 (61,1%) cas. Ces signes étaient absents dans 5 cas (27,8%). La tuméfaction était associée à des signes d'infections urinaire à type de dysurie et ou de brûlure mictionnelle chez 10 (55,5%) filles. Le diagnostic était clinique chez toutes les patientes. Le traitement a consisté à l'excision puis suture de la muqueuse prolabée chez toutes les patientes avec mise en place d'une sonde urinaire à demeure. Les suites immédiates ont été simples chez 16 (88,9%) patientes et 2 cas (11,1%) d'infection du site opératoire.