Influence of the Flowable Resin Layer on Bond Strength Between Resin Cement and a Universal Adhesive Applied in the Immediate Dentin-sealing Technique.

OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluated the influence of a flowable resin layer on bond strength between resin cement and a universal adhesive applied using an immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Coronary portions of bovine teeth were randomly divided into six groups (n=15). In the IDS.U group, the exposed dentin was immediately sealed with the Single Bond Universal adhesive (3M ESPE) following the self-etching protocol. In the IDS.UF group, a layer of Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE) flow resin was applied over the universal adhesive. In the DDS (control) group, the dentin was kept "fresh" and delayed dentin sealing was performed. After 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C, dentin surfaces were treated with pumice, phosphoric acid, and the application of the universal adhesive in the IDS.U and IDS. UF groups. The DDS group was treated with pumice and the universal adhesive was applied. The samples received cylinders of resin cement Rely X Ultimate (3M ESPE) made with the aid of starch tubes of 0.96 mm in diameter and 2 mm in length. They were submitted to the microshear bond strength test (µSBS) at 0.5 mm/min, after 24 hours (T1) and 3 months (T2). The fracture areas were evaluated qualitatively using a DSM 300 microscope (KOZO) with 45× magnification and classified as: adhesive, cohesive in cement, cohesive in dentin, or mixed. Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were compared statistically between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and intra-groups using the Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05). RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups for the bond strength values (p>0.05). The IDS.UF group showed higher values at 3 months, when compared to the values of 24 hours (p<0.001). All groups showed a predominance of adhesive fracture (86.7% to 100%). SEM showed dentinal tubules exposed in the IDS.U and DDS groups; in the IDS.UF group, the tubules were completely sealed. CONCLUSIONS: The flow resin can be used on the adhesive when using the IDS technique because it increased the bond strength values after 3 months and promoted effective sealing of the dentinal tubules.

[Cardiac changes in children with AIDS]. / Alterações cardíacas em crianças com SIDA.

PURPOSE: To describe the cardiac findings in children with AIDS, the follow-up with treatment and the correlation between clinical and pathological features. METHODS: We studied prospectively 25 children with clinical-laboratorial diagnosis of AIDS, ages between 3 months and 11 years, even those without cardiac symptoms. We classified the signs of AIDS following that of CDC-Atlanta 1994. Eight children died and it was done necropsy in six with macro and microscopic examinations. RESULTS: Fifteen cases had already complications of AIDS and were classified as C2 and C3, 5 as B2, 3 B1 and 2 as A1. Beside the symptoms related to the disease and infections we found signs of congestive heart failure III and IV (NYHA) in 5 children, pericardial effusion in 5, (one of them had cardiac tamponade). In the electrocardiogram (EKG), 8 children had repolarization abnormalities. In 1st echocardiogram (ECHO) we found some features of dilated myocardiopathy in 8 (6 were asymptomatic) 5 of those had pericardial effusion, one child had huge amount of pericardial liquid and also increased measures of intraventricular septum and posterior wall of left ventricle by ECHO and confirmed by necropsy examination. All cases of diagnosis of myocardiopathy received treatment with captopril and 4 also received furosemide and digoxina. Even under oral treatment three of them had deterioration of heart failure but after combined anti-retroviral drugs they showed better cardiac functions. From the six necropsied cases, two had increased heart weight without myocarditis, one had toxoplasma pancarditis and other one had fibrocalcic vasculopathy. CONCLUSION: We found several assymptomatic cases already with decreased ventricular function. Some worsened of heart failure even under apropriate treatment and showed better cardiac index after combined anti-retroviral drugs.

[Living with cleft lip and palate patients: experience of a nurse]. / Convivendo com o portador de fissura lábio-palatal: o vivencial da enfermeira.

The purpose of this study was to understand the life of nurses in assisting the porter of cleft lip and palate In order to so we decided for a qualitative approach in the methodology of phenomenology. We interviewed nine subjects who took part of this study and their interviews were guided by this question: "How is it like to watch over/take care of patients with cleft lip and or palate?", The themes that emerged revealed the essence of the phenomenon in the nurse's perspective searching with the careful meanings to contribute to the improvement of assistance quality, thus offering subsidies to the development of a continuous educational program to the nursing team (staff).

[Perception of university teachers of their ability to teach nursing]. / A percepção dos docentes universitários à respeito de sua capacitação para o ensino em enfermagem.

Teaching Administration Nursing Service we've been worried about several variables of the instructive process that affect the teachers and the students, as advantage, attitudes, thinking and acting manner, values, expectations, previous experiences, among some. These uneasiness take us to check the educational practice experience, considering the teaching's ability. In this study, we intend to reveal the teacher's understanding about the ability to teach nursing throw the education's reality recognition. So, we adopted a quality methodology that allow us a comprehensive analysis of the teaching's speech at a Public University in São Paulo city. According to the methodology it was possible to get back four meaning unities that allowed us to prescribe the emerging subjects; teaching's understanding about technical ability, teaching's understanding about scientific-theretical ability, teaching's understanding about pedagogical ability and the teaching identity. This study permitted us to reveal some points considered outstanding about the teacher's ability, getting it back as the result in a complex and continuous process of technical, theoretical and pedagogical training, contained in a several factors, psychological, social, ethical, economical, political and historical. We still understanding that the teacher's reflections about the teaching reality, in its totality, favouring the awareness and interfering positivly in their criticism formation. Finally there is a necessity to set up schools formation and up-dating centers and establish human political resources compatible with a renewed political of na educational action.

[The importance of administration applied to nursing practice according to the opinions of nursing graduates]. / O significado da administração aplicada à enfermagem segundo a opinião de graduandas.

The objective of this study was to know the opinions that the students have, when they begin the course of Administration applied of Nursing. The results indicated that the students considered administration a manner how the nurses are organizing their works and that nursing activity administration is to conciliate the assistance with the bureaucratic service.

[Teaching of nursing administration: the nurses' experience]. / O ensino da administração em enfermagem: percepção diante da vivência profissional.

The purpose of this study was to disclose the nurses comprehension about the Nursing Administration discipline taught in the Nursing graduation course of the Nursing School of São Paulo University. We have followed the phenomenology as the methodological way, and MARTINS; BICUDO were taken as the basic authors and main axis of the research. Being guided by this referencial, we have done this study together with eight nurses and we could do a description and comprehension speeches trying to bring out the meaning of what was understood about their phenomenon studied. From the phenomenological analysis of the nurses' reports appeared the possibilities an limits of the teaching of this discipline.

[The significance of nursing administration as seen by graduates. II]. / O significado da administração aplicada à enfermagem segundo a opinião de graduandas: parte II.

The objective of this study was to know the opinions about the significance, felt by the students of the Nursing School of the University of São Paulo, at the end of the theoretical part of the course of administration applied to nursing practice. Therefore the opinion of 30 students at 8th semester of the Nursing School has been collected. The results demonstrated that the students understood, the administration applied to nursing practice, as an instrument for the nurses work and to increase the quality of assistance, as well as for the development of the nursing staff and, the administrative functions as a role which has to be developed in the nursing professional practice.

[Opinions of recently admitted nurses of a training program for their integration into a teaching hospital]. / A opinião de enfermeiros recém-admitidos sobre o programa de treinamento para a sua integração em um hospital de ensino.

The authors proposed themselves to get to know the newly admitted nurse's opinion, about the integration training done, in order to get subsidy to the evaluation and the improvement on this program.

[Analysis of the method used in the nursing staff performance evaluation at the USP University Hospital]. / Análise do instrumento utilizado no processo de avaliação de desempenho da equipe de enfermagem do Hospital Universitário da USP.

The aim of this study was to check if the evaluators and evaluated follow the operational criterion that direct the nursing staffs evaluation of HU; to the identify the graduation conferred to obrigatory and optional forecasters by evaluators and evaluated; to identify the optional forecaster chosen by evaluators and evaluated and prepare the researches to a change at the process of nursing staff's evaluation of HU. The results showed that different functional categories had similar points of view; there were high level of agreement between them; both values attribution as optional forecaster selection. It's demonstrated that there's coherence at the process of nursing staff's performance evaluation, the evaluators shaves with evaluated the same pre-supposition about the purpose and importance of the forecasters insert in the instrument of performance evaluation.

Expression of class mu glutathione-S-transferase in human liver and its association with hepatopathies.

We studied the distribution of GSTM1 phenotypes in 611 individuals from an ethnically mixed sample of the Brazilian population who died from various causes. No influence of age, gender, or ethnicity was detected on the phenotypic distribution. In a sub-sample of 66 alcoholic individuals compared with 399 non-alcoholics there was almost a doubling of the odds ratio for GSTM1(0) individuals in the alcoholic category. The incidence of hepatopathies was higher in this group as well, and we observed a significant association of the null phenotype with cirrhosis. An excess of null phenotypes (374/611) was observed, and the allelic distribution was: GSTM1*A = 0.168, *B = 0.089, and *0 (null) = 0.743.

Medicamentos vegetais de origem popular e suas implicacoes na assistencia e ensino de enfermagem. / Vegetal drugs of popular origin and its implications in the practice and teaching of nursing

O presente trabalho contem comentarios sobre um estudo a respeito do uso de medicamentos vegetais pela populacao. As autoras apresentam inicialmente a fundamentacao teorica sobre o assunto e desenvolvem o trabalho com analise critica da utilizacao desse recurso terapeutico na assistencia e ensino de enfermagem