Genetic associations with dementia-related proteinopathy: Application of item response theory.

INTRODUCTION: Although dementia-related proteinopathy has a strong negative impact on public health, and is highly heritable, understanding of the related genetic architecture is incomplete. METHODS: We applied multidimensional generalized partial credit modeling (GPCM) to test genetic associations with dementia-related proteinopathies. Data were analyzed to identify candidate single nucleotide variants for the following proteinopathies: Aß, tau, α-synuclein, and TDP-43. RESULTS: Final included data comprised 966 participants with neuropathologic and WGS data. Three continuous latent outcomes were constructed, corresponding to TDP-43-, Aß/Tau-, and α-synuclein-related neuropathology endophenotype scores. This approach helped validate known genotype/phenotype associations: for example, TMEM106B and GRN were risk alleles for TDP-43 pathology; and GBA for α-synuclein/Lewy bodies. Novel suggestive proteinopathy-linked alleles were also discovered, including several (SDHAF1, TMEM68, and ARHGEF28) with colocalization analyses and/or high degrees of biologic credibility. DISCUSSION: A novel methodology using GPCM enabled insights into gene candidates for driving misfolded proteinopathies. HIGHLIGHTS: Latent factor scores for proteinopathies were estimated using a generalized partial credit model. The three latent continuous scores corresponded well with proteinopathy severity. Novel genes associated with proteinopathies were identified. Several genes had high degrees of biologic credibility for dementia risk factors.

Multiple gene variants linked to Alzheimer's-type clinical dementia via GWAS are also associated with non-Alzheimer's neuropathologic entities.

The classic pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (AD neuropathologic changes, or ADNC). However, brains from individuals clinically diagnosed with "AD-type" (amnestic) dementia usually harbor heterogeneous neuropathologies in addition to, or other than, ADNC. We hypothesized that some AD-type dementia associated genetic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) identified from large genomewide association studies (GWAS) were associated with non-ADNC neuropathologies. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed data from multiple studies with available genotype and neuropathologic phenotype information. Clinical AD/dementia risk alleles of interest were derived from the very large GWAS by Bellenguez et al. (2022) who reported 83 clinical AD/dementia-linked SNVs in addition to the APOE risk alleles. To query the pathologic phenotypes associated with variation of those SNVs, National Alzheimer's disease Coordinating Center (NACC) neuropathologic data were linked to AD Sequencing Project (ADSP) and AD Genomics Consortium (ADGC) data. Separate data were obtained from the harmonized Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP). A total of 4811 European participants had at least ADNC neuropathology data and also genotype data available; data were meta-analyzed across cohorts. As expected, a subset of dementia-associated SNVs were associated with ADNC risk in Europeans-e.g., BIN1, PICALM, CR1, MME, and COX7C. Other gene variants linked to (clinical) AD dementia were associated with non-ADNC pathologies. For example, the associations of GRN and TMEM106B SNVs with limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC) were replicated. In addition, SNVs in TNIP1 and WNT3 previously reported as AD-related were instead associated with hippocampal sclerosis pathology. Some genotype/neuropathology association trends were not statistically significant at P < 0.05 after correcting for multiple testing, but were intriguing. For example, variants in SORL1 and TPCN1 showed trends for association with LATE-NC whereas Lewy body pathology trended toward association with USP6NL and BIN1 gene variants. A smaller cohort of non-European subjects (n = 273, approximately one-half of whom were African-Americans) provided the basis for additional exploratory analyses. Overall, these findings were consistent with the hypothesis that some genetic variants linked to AD dementia risk exert their affect by influencing non-ADNC neuropathologies.

Brain arteriolosclerosis.

Brain arteriolosclerosis (B-ASC), characterized by pathologic arteriolar wall thickening, is a common finding at autopsy in aged persons and is associated with cognitive impairment. Hypertension and diabetes are widely recognized as risk factors for B-ASC. Recent research indicates other and more complex risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms. Here, we describe aspects of the unique architecture of brain arterioles, histomorphologic features of B-ASC, relevant neuroimaging findings, epidemiology and association with aging, established genetic risk factors, and the co-occurrence of B-ASC with other neuropathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). There may also be complex physiologic interactions between metabolic syndrome (e.g., hypertension and inflammation) and brain arteriolar pathology. Although there is no universally applied diagnostic methodology, several classification schemes and neuroimaging techniques are used to diagnose and categorize cerebral small vessel disease pathologies that include B-ASC, microinfarcts, microbleeds, lacunar infarcts, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In clinical-pathologic studies that factored in comorbid diseases, B-ASC was independently associated with impairments of global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, and perceptual speed, and has been linked to autonomic dysfunction and motor symptoms including parkinsonism. We conclude by discussing critical knowledge gaps related to B-ASC and suggest that there are probably subcategories of B-ASC that differ in pathogenesis. Observed in over 80% of autopsied individuals beyond 80 years of age, B-ASC is a complex and under-studied contributor to neurologic disability.

Poorer first aid after burn is associated with remoteness in Australia: Where to from here?

OBJECTIVE: Early intervention with appropriate first aid following burn injury improves clinical outcomes. Previous evidence suggests geographic remoteness may be a barrier to receiving appropriate burns first aid. This study investigated the prevalence of gold standard first aid in patients managed in Australian burn services and whether geographic remoteness was associated with receiving gold standard first aid. DESIGN: Registry-based cohort study. SETTING: Binational clinical quality registry. PARTICIPANTS: Burn-injured patients admitted to a specialist Australian burn service. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Receiving gold standard first aid following a burn injury. RESULTS: Approximately two-thirds of patients received gold standard first aid. Patients whose burns were sustained in very remote regions had a greater risk of receiving no first aid, compared to gold standard first aid, relative to patients who sustained their burn injuries in major cities. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly two-thirds of patients received gold standard burns first aid following injury. However, patients who were injured in the most remote regions of Australia were at an increased risk of not receiving gold standard first aid treatment within 3 hours of injury. Further examination of factors contributing to poorer first aid standards in remote areas is required.

Uncovering episodic influence of oceans on extreme drought events in Northeast Brazil by ordinal partition network approaches.

Since 2012, the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil (NEB) has been experiencing a continuous dry condition imposing significant social impacts and economic losses. Characterizing the recent extreme drought events and uncovering the influence from the surrounding oceans remain to be big challenges. The physical mechanisms of extreme drought events in the NEB are due to varying interacting time scales from the surrounding tropical oceans (Pacific and Atlantic). From time series observations, we propose a three-step strategy to establish the episodic coupling directions on intraseasonal time scales from the ocean to the precipitation patterns in the NEB, focusing on the distinctive roles of the oceans during the recent extreme drought events of 2012-2013 and 2015-2016. Our algorithm involves the following: (i) computing drought period length from daily precipitation anomalies to capture extreme drought events; (ii) characterizing the episodic coupling delays from the surrounding oceans to the precipitation by applying the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) of complexity measure, which is based on ordinal partition transition network representation of time series; and (iii) calculating the ratio of high temperature in the ocean during the extreme drought events with proper time lags that are identified by KLD measures. From the viewpoint of climatology, our analysis provides data-based evidence of showing significant influence from the North Atlantic in 2012-2013 to the NEB, but in 2015-2016, the Pacific played a dominant role than that of the Atlantic. The episodic intraseasonal time scale properties are potential for monitoring and forecasting droughts in the NEB in order to propose strategies for drought impacts reduction.

Carers' preferences for the delivery of therapy services for people with disability in rural Australia: evidence from a discrete choice experiment.

BACKGROUND: The implementation of the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme is expected to generate a responsive, person-centred system that will empower people with disability to choose the services and support they receive. However, little attention has been paid to examine how users of the National Disability Insurance Scheme will choose and spend their individual budgets. This study aimed to determine quantitatively the relative importance that carers of people with a disability living in rural Australia place on different therapy service delivery characteristics. METHODS: A stated preference discrete choice experiment was incorporated into a survey of carers of people with disability living in rural Australia. Carers chose between therapy delivery services differing in attributes such as travel time to receive therapy, sector providing the service (i.e. Government, not-for-profit and private), out-of-pocket costs, person who delivers the therapy (therapist or other staff) and waiting time. RESULTS: A total of 133 carers completed the discrete choice experiment. The majority of respondents cared for a child with a disability (84%); the average age of the person they cared for was 17 years (SD 14.25). Participants expressed strong preferences for a short waiting time (0-3 months) to receive therapy services; services delivered by a therapist, no out-of-pocket cost and travelling up to 4 h to receive a therapy session (P < 0.05). Sector providing the service was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Carers of people with a disability in rural Australia exhibited strongest preferences for short waiting times (0-3 months). Therapy services that are delivered by therapy assistants or support workers will require careful introduction to achieve uptake and acceptability.

Climatic characteristics of the 2010-2016 drought in the semiarid Northeast Brazil region.

This study discusses the climatological aspects of the most severe drought ever recorded in the semiarid region Northeast Brazil. Droughts are recurrent in the region and while El Nino has driven some of these events others are more dependent on the tropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature fields. The drought affecting this region during the last 5 years shows an intensity and impact not seen in several decades in the regional economy and society. The analysis of this event using drought indicators as well as meteorological fields shows that since the middle 1990s to 2016, 16 out of 25 years experienced rainfall below normal. This suggests that the recent drought may have in fact started in the middle-late 1990s, with the intense droughts of 1993 and 1998, and then the sequence of dry years (interrupted by relatively wet years in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2011) after that may have affected the levels of reservoirs in the region, leading to a real water crisis that was magnified by the negative rainfall anomalies since 2010.

Establishment, Implementation, and Consolidation of Clinical Pharmacy Services in Community Pharmacies: Perceptions of a Group of Pharmacists.

When pharmacists incorporate clinical practice into their routine, barriers and facilitators influence the implementation of patient care services. Three focus groups were conducted with 11 pharmacists who were working for the Farmácia Popular do Brasil program on the establishment, implementation, and consolidation of clinical pharmacy services. The perception of the pharmacists in Brazil about the program was that it facilitated access to health care and medication. The distance between neighboring cities made it difficult for patients to return for services. Lack of staff training created a lack of communication skills and knowledge. The pharmacists wanted to have increased technical support, skill development opportunities, and monitoring of researchers who assessed progress of the service. Pharmacists overcame many of their insecurities and felt more proactive and committed to quality service. Positive experiences in service implementations have shown that it is possible to develop a model of clinical services in community pharmacies.

Prioritisation of native legume species for further evaluation as potential forage crops in water-limited agricultural systems in South Africa.

In the face of climate change, identification of forage species suitable for dryland farming under low rainfall conditions in South Africa is needed. Currently, there are only a limited number of forage species suitable for dryland farming under such conditions. The objective of this study was to identify and prioritise native legume species that could potentially be used in dryland farming systems in water-limited agro-ecosystems in South Africa. Using a combination of ecological niche modelling techniques, plant functional traits, and indigenous knowledge, 18 perennial herbaceous or stem-woody legume species were prioritised for further evaluation as potential fodder species within water-limited agricultural areas. These species will be evaluated further for their forage quality and their ability to survive and produce enough biomass under water limitation and poor edaphic conditions.

An inexpensive artificial snake hibernaculum built using readily available plumbing supplies.

Artificial snake hibernacula are anthropogenic structures used by snakes in temperate zones to survive harsh winter conditions. Artificial hibernacula can be intentionally created for various purposes including herpetoculture, research, habitat enhancement and conservation, or to offset development impacts. Here we present a design for an artificial snake hibernaculum for research use that was convenient (manually installed) and cost-effective ($91 CAD ea.). The hibernaculum was made of HDPE and ABS plumbing hardware, and measured ∼160 cm long by ∼10 cm wide. Our design was multi-chambered, descended to the groundwater table, and was modelled after the burrowing crayfish burrows used as overwinter refugia by snakes in our study area. Installation was completed using a manual soil auger in areas with soil depths of ∼115 cm. Removable components would allow easy ingress and egress of snakes, and threaded caps would facilitate monitoring via borescope camera. Dataloggers were used in 4 unoccupied hibernacula during one hibernation period, and results demonstrated that hibernacula supported a low mean air temperature and a high mean relative humidity. The hibernacula also provided a substantial buffer against extreme outside temperature and humidity. Further testing may demonstrate the suitability of our hibernaculum design for herpetoculture or conservation purposes.•Installed using a manual soil auger in areas with soil depths of ∼115 cm•Removable components allow for safe and easy ingress/egress of wild-caught or captive-reared snakes•Removable cap and simplified shape facilitate health monitoring of snakes via borescope camera.

An analysis of the predictive factors for stone clearance at primary ureteroscopy.

BACKGROUND: Ureteric colic is a common emergency urological presentation [1]. When operative intervention is required, retrograde ureteroscopy is the most common approach. There are multiple treatment strategies including primary ureteroscopy (URS), staged ureteroscopy, and deferred ureteroscopy following ureteric stent placement. The approach is based on a number of clinical and stone factors. This study assesses the factors which predict stone clearance at the initial procedure. AIMS: All patients diagnosed with an obstructing ureteric stone who were managed operatively in a consecutive 12-month period were included. Patients were evaluated for stone clearance following a single or multiple procedures. A number of factors including stone size, location, gender, age and pre-operative laboratory results were evaluated for association with stone clearance at index procedure. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to produce odds ratios (OR) with confidence interval (CI) at 95% and significance values P < 0.05. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy patients were included in the final analysis. Stone clearance following the index procedure was achieved in 57% (n = 100) of patients. Predictors of successful stone clearance at index procedure were stone size < 6 mm, male gender and distal stone location (p < 0.05). Proximal stone location, stone size > 10 mm and elevated c-reactive protein (CRP) were associated respectively with multiple procedures to achieve stone clearance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Acute ureteric stones can be managed with a number of treatment strategies. This study identifies factors which predict stone clearance at index procedure. These results will help urologists accurately counsel patients when undertaking operative management for ureteric colic.

Exploring the similarities and differences of burn registers globally: Results from a data dictionary comparison study.

INTRODUCTION: Pooling and comparing data from the existing global network of burn registers represents a powerful, yet untapped, opportunity to improve burn prevention and care. There have been no studies investigating whether registers are sufficiently similar to allow data comparisons. It is also not known what differences exist that could bias analyses. Understanding this information is essential prior to any future data sharing. The aim of this project was to compare the variables collected in countrywide and intercountry burn registers to understand their similarities and differences. METHODS: Register custodians were invited to participate and share their data dictionaries. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were compared to understand each register population. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the number of unique variables. Variables were classified into themes. Definition, method, timing of measurement, and response options were compared for a sample of register concepts. RESULTS: 13 burn registries participated in the study. Inclusion criteria varied between registers. Median number of variables per register was 94 (range 28 - 890), of which 24% (range 4.8 - 100%) were required to be collected. Six themes (patient information, admission details, injury, inpatient, outpatient, other) and 41 subthemes were identified. Register concepts of age and timing of injury show similarities in data collection. Intent, mechanism, inhalational injury, infection, and patient death show greater variation in measurement. CONCLUSIONS: We found some commonalities between registers and some differences. Commonalities would assist in any future efforts to pool and compare data between registers. Differences between registers could introduce selection and measurement bias, which needs to be addressed in any strategy aiming to facilitate burn register data sharing. We recommend the development of common data elements used in an international minimum data set for burn injuries, including standard definitions and methods of measurement, as the next step in achieving burn register data sharing.

Measuring the Social Impact of Burn injuries in Australia: An Adaptation of the Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation - The Aus-LIBRE Profile.

Burn survivors can experience social participation challenges throughout their recovery. The aim of this study was to develop a novel Australian English translation of the Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile, the Aus-LIBRE Profile. This study consisted of three stages: 1) translation of the LIBRE Profile from American to Australian English by Australian researchers/burns clinicians; 2) piloting and cognitive evaluation of the Aus-LIBRE Profile with burn survivors to assess the clarity and consistency of the interpretation of each individual item, and 3) review of the Aus-LIBRE Profile by colleagues who identify as Aboriginal Australians for cross-cultural validation. In stage 2, investigators administered the translated questionnaire to 20 Australian patients with burn injuries in the outpatient clinic (10 patients from xx and 10 patients from yy). Face validity of the Aus-LIBRE Profile was tested in 20 burns survivors (11 females) ranging from 21 to 74 years (median age 43 years). The total body surface area (TBSA) burned ranged from 1% to 50% (median 10%). Twelve language changes were made based on the feedback from the burn clinicians/researchers, study participants and colleagues who identify as Aboriginal Australians. Using a formal translation process, the Aus-LIBRE Profile was adapted for use in the Australian burn population. The Aus-LIBRE Profile will require psychometric validation and testing in the Australian burn patient population before broader application of the scale.

GWAS of multiple neuropathology endophenotypes identifies new risk loci and provides insights into the genetic risk of dementia.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >80 Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)-associated genetic loci. However, the clinical outcomes used in most previous studies belie the complex nature of underlying neuropathologies. Here we performed GWAS on 11 ADRD-related neuropathology endophenotypes with participants drawn from the following three sources: the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project, and the Adult Changes in Thought study (n = 7,804 total autopsied participants). We identified eight independent significantly associated loci, of which four were new (COL4A1, PIK3R5, LZTS1 and APOC2). Separately testing known ADRD loci, 19 loci were significantly associated with at least one neuropathology after false-discovery rate adjustment. Genetic colocalization analyses identified pleiotropic effects and quantitative trait loci. Methylation in the cerebral cortex at two sites near APOC2 was associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Studies that include neuropathology endophenotypes are an important step in understanding the mechanisms underlying genetic ADRD risk.

Perioperative management of sarcopenia in patients undergoing major surgeries in Singapore: a modified Delphi consensus.

BACKGROUND: Ageing population is a worldwide phenomenon with correspondingly higher proportion of older patients being treated in the hospital setting. Sarcopenia, which increases with age, has serious negative implications on health, hospitalisation, and overall postoperative recovery. There is no mutual consensus on perioperative management of sarcopenia in surgical patients in Singapore. The purpose of this study is to create greater clarity pertaining to the recognition of sarcopenia, the application of assessment criteria of sarcopenia and perioperative management of surgical patients in Singapore. METHODS: A modified Delphi consensus consisting of a panel of experts from Singapore forming a multidisciplinary team, including surgeons, geriatricians, anesthesiologists, physiotherapists, and dieticians. Eight recommendations were proposed by the steering committee. Literature search from MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus for articles up till June 2023 were performed to support recommendation statements. The expert panel voted on agreement to recommendation statements and graded the level of evidence supporting each statement through surveys to achieve consensus, set at 85% a priori. RESULTS: The panellists underwent two rounds of anonymized, independent voting before reaching consensus for all eight statements. After the first round, seven statements reached consensus, including the corresponding grading for level of evidence. The statement which did not achieve consensus was revised with supporting literature and after the second round of survey, all eight statements and level of evidence reached consensus, completing the Delphi process. These eight statements covered themes to (1) encourage the identification of sarcopenia, (2) guide preoperative, and (3) postoperative management of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: With the varying approaches in perioperative management, poor understanding of and identification of sarcopenia can result in suboptimal management of sarcopenia in surgical patients. Given the abundance of evidence linking beneficial impact on recovery and postoperative complications with prudent management of sarcopenia, it is imperative and urgent to achieve awareness and consensus.

Friction burns in cyclists: An under-recognised problem.

INTRODUCTION: Cycling-related friction burns, also known as abrasions or "road rash", can occur when cyclists are involved in a fall or a collision. However, less is known about this type of injury as they are often overshadowed by concurrent traumatic and/or orthopaedic injuries. The aims of this project were to describe the nature and severity of friction burns in cyclists admitted to hospitals with specialist burn services in Australia and New Zealand. METHODS: A review of cycling-related friction burns recorded by the Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand was undertaken. Summary statistics described demographic, injury event and severity, and in-hospital management data for this cohort of patients. RESULTS: Between July 2009 and June 2021, 143 cycling-related friction burn admissions were identified (accounting for 0.4% of all burns admissions during the study period). Seventy-six percent of patients with a cycling-related friction burn were male, and the median (interquartile range) of patients was 14 (5-41) years. The greatest proportion of cycling-related friction burns were attributed to non-collision events, namely falls (44% of all cases) and body parts being caught or coming into contact with the bicycle (27% of all cases). Although 89% of patients had a burn affecting less than five percent of their body, 71% of patients underwent a burn wound management procedure in theatre such as debridement and/or skin grafting. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, friction burns in cyclists admitted to participating services were rare. Despite this, there remains opportunities to better understand these events to inform the development of interventions to reduce burn injury in cyclists.

LATE-NC risk alleles (in TMEM106B, GRN, and ABCC9 genes) among persons with African ancestry.

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) affects approximately one-third of older individuals and is associated with cognitive impairment. However, there is a highly incomplete understanding of the genetic determinants of LATE neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC) in diverse populations. The defining neuropathologic feature of LATE-NC is TDP-43 proteinopathy, often with comorbid hippocampal sclerosis (HS). In terms of genetic risk factors, LATE-NC and/or HS are associated with single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 3 genes-TMEM106B (rs1990622), GRN (rs5848), and ABCC9 (rs1914361 and rs701478). We evaluated these 3 genes in convenience samples of individuals of African ancestry. The allele frequencies of the LATE-associated alleles were significantly different between persons of primarily African (versus European) ancestry: In persons of African ancestry, the risk-associated alleles for TMEM106B and ABCC9 were less frequent, whereas the risk allele in GRN was more frequent. We performed an exploratory analysis of data from African-American subjects processed by the Alzheimer's Disease Genomics Consortium, with a subset of African-American participants (n = 166) having corroborating neuropathologic data through the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC). In this limited-size sample, the ABCC9/rs1914361 SNV was associated with HS pathology. More work is required concerning the genetic factors influencing non-Alzheimer disease pathology such as LATE-NC in diverse cohorts.

Exploring clinicians' decision-making processes about end-of-life care after burns: A qualitative interview study.

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about treatment decision-making experiences and how/why particular attitudes exist amongst specialist burn clinicians when faced with patients with potentially non-survivable burn injuries. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to understand clinicians' decision-making processes regarding end-of-life (EoL) care after a severe and potentially non-survivable burn injury. METHODS: Eleven clinicians experienced in EoL decision-making were interviewed via telephone or video conferencing in June-August 2021. A thematic analysis was undertaken using a framework approach. RESULTS: Decision-making about initiating EoL care was described as complex and multifactorial. On occasions when people presented with 'unsurvivable' injuries, decision-making was clear. Most clinicians used a multidisciplinary team approach to initiate EoL; variations existed on which professions were included in the decision-making process. Many clinicians reported using protocols or guidelines that could be personalised to each patient. The use of pathways/protocols might explain why clinicians did not report routine involvement of palliative care clinicians in EoL discussions. CONCLUSION: The process of EoL decision-making for a patient with a potentially non-survivable burn injury was layered, complex, and tailored. Processes and approaches varied, although most used protocols to guide EoL decisions. Despite the reported complexity of EoL decision-making, palliative care teams were rarely involved or consulted.

Adherence With Early Allied Health Assessments in Specialist Burn Services.

Appropriate multidisciplinary allied health assessment during the early stages of admission following burn injury positively influences recovery and quality of life. Variation in allied health care may affect patient outcomes. We aimed to explore adherence in providing early allied health assessments in accordance with local parameters. Associations between the number of assessments and hospital length of stay (LOS) were also explored. The Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand was queried for adult (≥ 16 years) burn injured patients admitted to a specialist burn service for > 48 hours between July 2016 and June 2020. Quality indicator data relating to allied health assessment processes were examined; patients were grouped according to the number of assessments they received within 48 hours of admission. Of the 5789 patients included in the study, 5598 (97%) received at least one allied health assessment within 48 hours of admission and 3976 (69%) received all three assessments. A greater proportion of patients who received no assessments were admitted on a Saturday. Patients receiving three assessments had more severe injuries compared to their counterparts who received fewer assessments. Hospital LOS was not associated with the number of allied health assessments during an acute admission following burn injury after accounting for confounding factors, particularly TBSA. Multidisciplinary allied health teams provide routine burn care to Australian and New Zealand burns patients at a consistent level. Further, this study provides evidence that allied health input is prioritized towards patients with increasing severity of burn injury, playing an integral role in early rehabilitation.