RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Accreditation of education is very important for maintaining and improving education quality. With the development of modern dental education, more and more attention is being paid to accreditation of dental education in China. Current accreditation of dental education in China is called "dental education evaluation". By using a systematic review, this paper aims to provide the general profile of the standards and process of dental education evaluation in China (DEEC). METHODS: A systematic review on DEEC was performed, CAJD and VIP databases were employed to identify all literatures which were relevant to DEEC. Profile and features of DEEC were compared with those of the Accreditation Standards for Dental Education Programs of the USA (ASDEPU). RESULTS: The current standards for the evaluation are composed of six modules and twenty-four items, the evaluation process consists of three stages There was some difference between DEEC and its American counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Accreditation on dental education is very important for the maintenance and improvement of education quality. As the primary form of dental education accreditation, DEEC is basically suitable for current dental education conditions in China, however, in order to keep pace with the changing conditions, both the standards and actions of DEEC should often be revised.
Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Educação em Odontologia , Acreditação , China , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Background/purpose: We suspected that there might be an interaction between sugar intake and tobacco exposure on the risk of dental caries. The study aimed to investigate the associations of sugar intake or tobacco exposure with the risk of dental caries. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study obtained data of 18804 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2018. Weighted univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to explore the associations of total sugar intake or tobacco exposure with the risk of dental caries. The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (API), and synergy index (SI) evaluated the interaction between total sugar intake and tobacco exposure on the risk of dental caries. The effect size of odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) was inputted. Results: The OR of dental caries in adults with cotinine >10 ng/mL was 1.59 (95%CI: 1.38-1.82). The increased risk of dental caries was found in people with total sugar >19.5%E compared to those with total sugar ≤19.5%E (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.34-1.78). Compared to people with cotinine ≤10 ng/mL and total sugar ≤19.5%E, adults with cotinine >10 ng/mL and total sugar >19.5%E were correlated with elevated risk of dental caries (OR = 2.76, 95%CI: 2.29-3.33). The interaction indicators RERI was 0.980 (95%CI: 0.413-1.547), API was 0.355 (95%CI: 0.192-0.517), and SI was 2.250 (95%CI: 1.344-3.767). Conclusion: There might be interaction between sugar intake and tobacco exposure on the occurrence of dental caries in adults.
RESUMO
Vertical root fractures (VRFs) in teeth without endodontic treatment are relatively uncommon. The diagnosis is based on clinical and radiographic presentations. It might be difficult to detect VRFs in non-endodontically treated molars by conventional radiographs in certain situations because of the limitations of 2D images and many others factors such as the VRFs being in their early stages. Root morphology variation and the orientation of VRFs can influence conventional radiographic detection and the interpretation of a radiolucent fracture line. The four case reports presented here describe and discuss the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in successfully diagnosing VRFs based on direct visualization of radiolucent lines, especially those suspected from routine conventional radiographs, as well as their symptoms and clinical findings. CBCT also provides more information on the presence of VRFs.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Fraturas dos Dentes/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/lesões , Raiz Dentária/lesõesRESUMO
This case series describes observations of 12 patients who developed horizontal root fractures in non-endodontically treated teeth. Using clinical and radiographic examination, horizontal fractures were observed in eight maxillary first molars, one maxillary second molar, one mandibular first premolar and four mandibular second premolars. A total of 12 teeth had clinically intact crowns and 2 had carious. Eight fractures of maxillary molars occurred in the palatal roots, while one fracture was observed in the distobuccal root. Eleven patients experienced pain from the affected teeth during mastication. Within the limits of this case series, it was concluded that these fractures were related to; root morphology, damaging masticatory habits and excessive occlusal forces.
Assuntos
Dente Pré-Molar/lesões , Dente Molar/lesões , Fraturas dos Dentes/diagnóstico , Raiz Dentária/lesões , Adulto , Idoso , Força de Mordida , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mastigação/fisiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Odontalgia/diagnósticoRESUMO
Diagnosis of root fractures is generally based on clinical and radiographic presentations. This case report aims to detect horizontal/oblique root fractures in posterior teeth using a combination of conventional radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Three maxillary first molars with horizontal/oblique root fractures in the palatal roots are presented. More detailed information on root fractures can be obtained using CBCT compared with conventional radiography. As such, CBCT might be a useful complementary diagnostic method to conventional radiography in cases of suspected horizontal/oblique root fractures.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Dente Molar/lesões , Fraturas dos Dentes/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/lesões , Resinas Epóxi/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Guta-Percha/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Periapicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Periapicais/terapia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/uso terapêutico , Obturação do Canal Radicular , Ápice Dentário/lesões , Fraturas dos Dentes/terapia , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
In this case report, we present a maxillary second molar variant, which had two palatal roots with two canals and two buccal roots with three canals, including a second mesiobuccal canal. A 44-year-old female patient complained about a tooth crown fracture and severe pain in her right maxillary second molar. A clinical intraoral inspection and radiography were carried out on the tooth, and a diagnosis of chronic apical periodontitis was made. Four roots (two buccal and two palatal) and five canals (three buccal and two palatal) were found. The anatomical variation of the tooth was further confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography, a cone-fit procedure, and a radiograph with a shifted projection angle. Root-canal treatment was performed under an endodontic microscope.
RESUMO
Substantial evidence has indicated that Notch and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling may regulate odontoblastic differentiation. Hairy/enhancerofsplit related with YRPW motif 1 (Hey1), a downstream target gene of Notch and BMP signaling, is expressed in dental pulp tissues and has been demonstrated to be responsible for osteoblast mineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hey1 on odontoblast differentiation. The results of the study demonstrated that Hey1 expression in odontoblastlineage cells (OLCs) was upregulated by stimulation of osteoblastic/odontoblastic differentiation medium containing ascorbic acid, ßglycerol phosphate and dexamethasone. Furthermore, stable Hey1overexpressing cells expressed higher levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and exhibited higher mineralization capabilities following stimulation by differentiation medium. Furthermore, RNA interferencemediated knockdown of Hey1 downregulated the expression levels of DSPP in OLCs stimulated by differentiation medium. Taken together, the findings indicate that Hey1 may be a positive regulator of odontoblastic differentiation. The present study broadens the understanding of odontoblast differentiation and biomineralization.
Assuntos
Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/genética , Odontogênese/genética , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Sialoglicoproteínas/genética , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem da Célula/genética , Polpa Dentária/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Polpa Dentária/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Camundongos , Odontoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Odontoblastos/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genéticaRESUMO
This study compared the dental curricula at dental schools in China and Japan. A survey was conducted in representative dental schools in China and Japan. It was found that, in China and Japan where dental schools recruit students directly from high schools, more attention is paid to introduction of early professional education. Most dental schools in Japan arrange dental subjects for their students from the first through the fourth years, while in China, only a few dental schools take this path although many of them are currently making changes. It was also discovered that, in both countries, an increasing number of dental schools assign a specific dental subject to the same period with its relevant bioscience or biomedical counterparts, which makes it possible for them to enhance each other reciprocally in a positive way for students and consequently help dental students master the related topics.
Assuntos
Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas/educação , Currículo , Educação em Odontologia/métodos , Faculdades de Odontologia , China , Humanos , Japão , Critérios de Admissão EscolarRESUMO
Notch signalling is of fundamental importance to various processes during embryonic development and in adults. The possible role of Hey1, an important Notch signalling component, in odontoblast differentiation was evaluated in this study. Primary cultured dental pulp cells, derived from upper incisors of 5-week-old Wistar rats, were placed in alpha-modification of Eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), and ascorbic acid (AA) and beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP), with or without dexamethasone, and cultured on dishes coated with collagen type IA for 7 days. Conventional and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the expression of Notch-related genes and dentin sialophosphoprotein as a marker of odontoblast differentiation. Dentin sialophosphoprotein and Hey1 expression was significantly increased and decreased in the presence of AA + beta-GP compared with controls, respectively. These findings suggest that Hey1 may be a negative regulator in odontoblast differentiation.
Assuntos
Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/análise , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Sequências Hélice-Alça-Hélice/genética , Receptores Notch/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/análise , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno Tipo I , Meios de Cultura , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/análise , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Glicerofosfatos/farmacologia , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/análise , Masculino , Odontoblastos/fisiologia , Fosfoproteínas/análise , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Receptor Notch1/análise , Receptor Notch2/análise , Receptor Notch3 , Receptores Notch/análise , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Sialoglicoproteínas/análise , Fatores de Transcrição HES-1RESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the function of cbfalpha1 on BMP-2 signaling to extracellular matrix proteins in dental papilla cells in vitro. METHODS: RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of ALP, OC, ON, OPN, BSP, DMP-1 and DSPP in cultured dental papilla cells induced by 200ng/mL BMP-2 and/or down-regulated by cbfalpha1 antisense technology, the results were analysed with SPSS 11.0 software package. RESULTS: We found that the amount of ALP and OC and the expression of OPN, BSP and ON were upregulated significantly after the cells were treated with BMP-2. After transfected with antisense cbfalpha1, the cells downregulated the expression of ALP, OC, OPN and BSP significantly(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: As a kind of transcription factor, cbfalpha1 could be an important tache in the BMP-2 signal networks controlling cells differentiation and mineralization.
Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/fisiologia , Subunidades alfa de Fatores de Ligação ao Core/fisiologia , Papila Dentária/metabolismo , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Fosfatase Alcalina , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Técnicas In VitroRESUMO
PURPOSE: To generate the transgenic mouse model of DSP and perform transgene expression analysis by RT-PCR. METHODS: Plasmid pcDNA3.1-CX was constructed by substituting promoter cbeta-actin for CMV promoter of pcDNA3.1, and the ultimate transgenic vector, pcDNA3.1-CX-dsp, was constructed by cloning DSP coding sequence into pcDNA3.1-CX. The pcDNA3.1-CX-dsp plasmid was linearized and microinjected into the male pronucleus of the zygotes. The tail DNA of pups was tested by PCR and Southern blot. A member of F1 generation of one positive mouse was used to perform transgene expression analysis by RT-PCR. RESULTS: 717 embryos were implanted to 29 recipient pseudopregnant mice, 4 of the 67 pups carrying the transgene. Expression of DSP was detected in a member of F1 generation of one positive mouse by RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: Founders of the DSP transgenic mouse were obtained successfully, and the expression of DSP was primarily confirmed.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Camundongos Transgênicos , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Sialoglicoproteínas/metabolismo , Transgenes/genética , Animais , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/genética , Vetores Genéticos , Masculino , Camundongos , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Plasmídeos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Sialoglicoproteínas/genética , Transgenes/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To establish a transgenic mouse founders in which the expression of LacZ was directed by a dentin sialophosphoprotein-specific promoter. METHODS: The DSPP-specific promoter was obtained by PCR and confirmed by sequencing, and the transgenic plasmid, pTN-DPM-LacZ, was constructed by subcloning the DSPP-specific promoter and LacZ-encoding sequence into one vector. The linearized transgenic plasmid was microinjected into the male pronucleus of the zygotes, and the microinjected zygotes were implanted to recipient pseudopregnant mice. The tail DNA of 4 week-pups was tested by PCR. RESULTS: 503 embryos were implanted to 20 recipient pseudopregnant mice, 12 of the 89 pups carrying the transgene. The establishment of the dspp-LacZ transgenic mouse line is under progress. CONCLUSION: 12 founders of the dspp-LacZ transgenic mice, in which the expression profile of LacZ should be the same as that of DSPP, were obtained by microinjection successfully, and the mouse line which is being established could be used as a good tool to investigate the exact expression profile of DSPP in the future.