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This paper addresses the problem of tracking a high-speed ballistic target in real time. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) can be a solution to overcome the motion of the ballistic target and the nonlinearity of the measurement model. However, in general, particle swarm optimization requires a great deal of computation time, so it is difficult to apply to realtime systems. In this paper, we propose a parallelized particle swarm optimization technique using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to be accelerated for realtime ballistic target tracking. The realtime performance of the proposed method has been tested and analyzed on a well-known heterogeneous processing system with a field-programmable gate array. The proposed parallelized particle swarm optimization was successfully conducted on the heterogeneous processing system and produced similar tracking results. Also, compared to conventional particle swarm optimization, which is based on the only central processing unit, the computation time is significantly reduced by up to 3.89×.
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BACKGROUND: Unwanted submental fat (SMF) is aesthetically unappealing, but methods of reduction are either invasive or lack evidence of their use. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel triple-layer high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) regimen for SMF reduction. METHODS: Forty Korean subjects with moderate/severe SMF were evaluated after receiving a session of triple-layer HIFU treatments (using 3.0-, 4.5-, and 6.0-mm focusing transducers). The objective evaluation based on the 5-point Clinician-Reported Submental Fat Rating Scale (CR-SMFRS) and patients' satisfaction based on the 7-point Subject Self-Rating Scale (SSRS) were determined 8 weeks after treatment. Three-dimensional image analysis was also performed. RESULTS: At the follow-up visit, the proportion of treatment responders defined as subjects with ≥1-point improvement in CR-SMFRS was 62.5%, and the proportion of patients satisfied with appearance of their face and chin (score ≥4 on the SSRS) was 67.5% of the total patients. The results of 3-dimensional analysis were consistent with clinical observations. Only mild and transient side effects were observed for some patients with no serious adverse effects. CONCLUSION: The triple-layer HIFU regimen including the novel 6.0-mm transducer has benefits for tightening and rejuvenation of the area with unwanted SMF, showing reasonable safety profiles.
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Tecido Adiposo , Técnicas Cosméticas , Terapia por Ultrassom/métodos , Tecido Adiposo/diagnóstico por imagem , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos da radiação , Adulto , Queixo , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia por Ultrassom/efeitos adversosRESUMO
A variety of applications of human adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes have been suggested as novel cell-free therapeutic strategies in the regenerative and aesthetic medical fields. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes as an adjuvant therapy after application of fractional CO2 laser for acne scars. A 12-week prospective, double-blind, randomized, split-face trial was performed. A total of 25 patients received 3 consecutive treatment sessions of fractional CO2 laser to the whole face, with a follow-up evaluation. Post-laser treatment regimens were applied; for each patient, one side of the face was treated with adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes gel and the other side was treated with control gel. Adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes-treated sides had achieved a significantly greater improvement than the control sides at the final follow-up visit (percentage reduction in échelle d'évaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acné scores: 32.5 vs 19.9%, p < 0.01). Treatment-related erythema was milder, and post-treatment downtime was shorter on the applications of human adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes-treated side. In conclusion, the combined use of this novel material with resurfacing devices would provide synergistic effects on both the efficacy and safety of atrophic acne scar treatments.
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Acne Vulgar , Exossomos , Lasers de Gás , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Acne Vulgar/terapia , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Cicatriz/diagnóstico , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/terapia , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Lasers de Gás/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Células-Tronco/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Several studies report that the therapeutic mechanism of action of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is mainly mediated by paracrine factors that are released from MSCs such as exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles that are transferred to target cells for cell-to-cell communication. Although MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) are suggested as novel cell-free therapeutics for various human diseases, evaluation studies for the safety and toxicity of MSC-exosomes are limited. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the toxicological profile, including skin sensitization, photosensitization, eye and skin irritation, and acute oral toxicity using exosomes derived from human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASC-exosomes) in accordance with the OECD guidelines and the principles of Good Laboratory Practice. The ASC-exosomes were classified as a potential non-sensitizer in the skin sensitization test, UN GHS no category in the eye irritation test, and as a skin non-irritant in the skin irritation test, and did not induce any toxicity in the phototoxicity test or in acute oral toxicity testing. Our findings are the first to suggest that ASC-exosomes are safe for use as a topical treatment, with no adverse effects in toxicological testing, and have potential application as a therapeutic agent, cosmetic ingredient, or for other biological uses.
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Exossomos , Administração Cutânea , Animais , Células 3T3 BALB , Olho , Feminino , Humanos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Camundongos , Células RAW 264.7 , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele , Testes de ToxicidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Thread lifting with absorbable sutures has recently gained prominence for rejuvenating ptotic and sagging soft tissues in aging face. A barbed, delayed absorbable polyglyconate monofilament shows significantly high tensile loads with superior flexibility and elasticity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of novel thread lifting regimen with barbed polyglyconate suture for counteracting the descent and laxity of the aging face. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted for 25 Korean patients with mild to moderate facial skin laxity receiving thread lifting procedures using barbed polyglyconate suture. Dermatologists' objective assessments using a 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), 3D imaging system, and subjective satisfaction were recorded at baseline and 4 months after treatments. RESULTS: In most patients (84%), GAIS scores were more than score 3 ("improved"), with 40% of score 4 ("much improved") and 24% of score 5 ("excellent") at the follow-up point. Subjective assessments paralleled these patterns. Three-dimensional analysis quantitatively showed volume migration of low face upward, clinically interpreted as facial lifting. No serious adverse effect was observed. CONCLUSION: This novel thread lifting procedure using barbed polyglyconate suture is a safe and effective method for tightening and lifting for aging face with mild to moderate face sagging.
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Face/cirurgia , Polímeros , Ritidoplastia/métodos , Envelhecimento da Pele , Técnicas de Sutura , Suturas , Adulto , Idoso , Estética , Face/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Rejuvenescimento , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Nonablative 1,450-nm diode laser (DL) and visible blue light (BL) have been effectively used for acne with superior safety profiles. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate synergistic effects of sequential DL and BL application for acne. METHODS: A 20-week, randomized split-face study was conducted to compare clinical courses between 2 facial sides either receiving sequential application of DL and BL or BL alone in 24 patients with mild to moderate facial acne vulgaris. Patients were scheduled to receive 3 consecutive sessions at 4-week intervals. Objective assessments, including revised Leeds grades, lesion counts, and sebum output measurements, and patients' subjective satisfaction were investigated. RESULTS: Both combination and BL sides demonstrated steady improvement of inflammatory acne lesions with 62.3% and 35.2% decreases at the 12-week follow-up visit compared with baseline respectively. For noninflammatory lesions and seborrhea, only combination regimen demonstrated improvement. Patients' subjective assessments paralleled objective findings. For safety profiles, no severe adverse effect was observed on both sides, and mild symptoms resolved spontaneously within a day. CONCLUSION: The combination regimen demonstrated synergistic efficacies for acne and seborrhea, with satisfactory safety profiles. Therefore, a few sessions of these light-based applications would be a viable option for acne treatments.
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Acne Vulgar/radioterapia , Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Lasers Semicondutores/efeitos adversos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Satisfação do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which contains large amounts of growth factors has been tried to enhance therapeutic efficacy of laser treatment for acne scar with unknown underlying mechanism. OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanism of increased clinical efficacy of PRP when combined with fractional laser treatment for treating acne scars. METHODS: Subjects with mild to moderate acne scars were treated with two sessions of fractional CO2 laser therapy given with and without co-administration of PRP. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline, 1, 3, 7, and 28 days for investigation of molecular profiles associated with skin changes produced by laser plus PRP treatment. RESULTS: The PRP treatment increased clinical efficacy with decreased severity of adverse effects such as erythema, swelling and oozing. Productions of TGFß1 and TGFß3 proteins were more highly elevated on the PRP-treated side of the face compared to the control side at day 28. Furthermore, PRP-treated side showed significant increase of c-myc, TIMP, and HGF expression. Experimental fibroblast culture model was also used. PRP administration after laser irradiation increased expressions of p-Akt, TGFß1, TGFß3, ß-catenin, collagen 1, and collagen 3 in both dose-dependent and time dependent manners in fibroblast. Moreover, we acquired clinical and histological data through randomized control clinical trial. CONCLUSION: Taken together with human study results combined with the data from cell experiments we suggest that PRP treatment increased fibrogenetic molecules induced by fractional CO2 laser, which have association with clinical effect. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:302-310, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Acne Vulgar/complicações , Cicatriz/terapia , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Adulto , Biópsia por Agulha , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/patologia , Colágeno/metabolismo , Terapia Combinada , Estética , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico , Dermatoses Faciais/terapia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Valores de Referência , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Método Simples-Cego , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Enlarged facial pores can be an early manifestation of skin aging and they are a common aesthetic concern for Asians. However, studies of improving the appearance of enlarged pores have been limited. OBJECTIVE: The authors aimed to study the application of CO2 fractional laser treatment in patients with enlarged facial pores. METHODS: A total of 32 patients with dilated facial pores completed 3 consecutive sessions of low energy level treatments with a fractional CO2 laser at 4-week intervals. Image analysis was performed to calculate the number of enlarged pores before each treatment session and 12 weeks after the final treatment. RESULTS: After application of laser treatments, there was a significant decrease in the number of enlarged pores. The mean number of enlarged pores was decreased by 28.8% after the second session and by 54.5% at post-treatment evaluation. Post-treatment side effects were mild and transitory. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated clear increases in the number of collagen fibers and the expression of transforming growth factor-ß1. CONCLUSION: The short-term results showed that treatment with low energy level CO2 fractional laser therapy could be a safe and effective option for patients with Fitzpatrick skin Types III and IV who are concerned with enlarged pores.
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Face/efeitos da radiação , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/instrumentação , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pele/patologia , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Adulto , Povo Asiático , Face/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Envelhecimento da Pele/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although various minimal invasive approaches are available for aging skin laxity, they alone may not lead to notably satisfactory results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination regimen with monopolar radiofrequency (MRF) and intense-focused ultrasound (IFUS) in facial lifting and tightening. METHODS: Twenty-two Korean participants with aging face received a sequential single session of MRF and IFUS treatment. Objective and subjective assessments for improvement were performed at the 20-week post-treatment. Safety profiles were also recorded, and skin biopsies were taken at baseline and follow-up visit. RESULTS: Based on the objective assessment for the overall facial skin tightening and laxity, 19 patients (90%) demonstrated "moderate" or better improvements (more than 25%) compared with baseline. Specifically, improvements of skin laxity and sagging, and droopy jaw line were more noticeable compared with that of superficial skin texture (P < 0.05). Subjective satisfactions were generally consistent with objective findings, and no serious adverse effect was observed. Histologic evaluation showed increased dermal collagen fibers throughout the dermis after treatments (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combination treatment of MRF and IFUS has cumulative benefits for skin lifting and tightening with satisfactory safety profiles in Asian subjects.
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Técnicas Cosméticas , Face , Terapia por Radiofrequência , Envelhecimento da Pele , Terapia por Ultrassom/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Povo Asiático , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Ondas de Rádio/efeitos adversos , Rejuvenescimento , República da Coreia , Terapia por Ultrassom/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The histologic responses to varied parameters of 1,927-nm fractional thulium fiber laser treatment have not yet been sufficiently elucidated. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate histologic changes immediately after 1,927-nm fractional thulium fiber laser session at various parameters. METHODS: The dorsal skin of Yucatan mini-pig was treated with 1,927-nm fractional thulium fiber laser at varied parameters, with or without skin drying. The immediate histologic changes were evaluated to determine the effects of varying laser parameters on the width and the depth of treated zones. RESULTS: The increase in the level of pulse energy widened the area of epidermal changes in the low power level, but increased the dermal penetration depth in the high power level. As the pulse energy level increased, the increase in the power level under the given pulse energy level more evidently made dermal penetration deeper and the treatment area smaller. Skin drying did not show significant effects on epidermal changes, but evidently increased the depth of dermal denaturation under both high and low levels of pulse energy. CONCLUSION: These results may provide important information to establish treatment parameters of the 1,927-nm fractional thulium fiber laser for various skin conditions.
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Derme/patologia , Epiderme/patologia , Terapia a Laser , Animais , Derme/efeitos da radiação , Epiderme/efeitos da radiação , Feminino , Suínos , TúlioRESUMO
An optimized therapeutic regimen involving a non-ablative fractionated laser or radiofrequency therapy for acne scars has not yet been established. To evaluate whether the combination of a non-ablative fractional laser (NAF) and fractional micro-needling radiofrequency (FMR) has clinical advantages for the treatment of atrophic acne scars compared with NAF alone, a 16-week prospective, randomized split-face study was performed. Each facial side of a patient was treated with 3 sessions of either NAF with FMR or NAF alone, with a 4-week interval between each session. Although both sides demonstrated significant decreases in the échelle d'évaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acné (ECCA) score, the facial side treated using the combination regimen demonstrated greater improvement in ECCA score regarding degree and onset time than the NAF-treated side. Histopathological and immunohistochemical results confirmed the clinical findings. This study demonstrated that a combination regimen involving NAF and FMR could be a viable option with satisfactory efficacy.
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Acne Vulgar/complicações , Cicatriz/terapia , Técnicas Cosméticas/instrumentação , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/instrumentação , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Adulto , Cicatriz/diagnóstico , Cicatriz/etiologia , Terapia Combinada , Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Lasers de Estado Sólido/efeitos adversos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Agulhas , Fotografação , Estudos Prospectivos , Seul , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fractional Er:YAG minimizes the risk associated with skin ablation. Infrared diode laser and radiofrequency have suggested comparable improvements in acne scar. We compared the clinical efficacy of Er:YAG laser and bipolar radiofrequency combined with diode laser (BRDL) for the treatment of acne scars. Moreover, acute molecular changes of cytokine profile associated with wound healing have been evaluated to suggest mechanisms of improvement of acne scar. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four subjects with mild-to-moderate acne scars were treated in a split-face manner with Er:YAG and BRDL, with two treatment sessions, 4 weeks apart. Objective and subjective assessments were done at baseline, 1, 3, 7 days after each treatment and 4 weeks after last treatment. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline, 1, 3, 7, 28 days after one session of treatment for investigation of molecular profile of acute skin changes by laser treatment. RESULTS: Investigator's Global Assessment representing the improvement degree shows 2.1 (50%) in fractional Er:YAG and 1.2 (25%) in BRDL. Er:YAG induced the later and higher peak expression of TGFßs and collagenases, whereas BRDL induced earlier and lower expression of TGFß and collagenases, relatively. PPARγ dropped rapidly after a peak in Er:YAG-treated side, which is associated with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression. We observed higher expression of TIMP after Er:YAG treatment compared with BRDL by immunohistochemistry, which may be associated with the expression of upregulation of collagen fibers. CONCLUSION: The superior efficacy of Er:YAG to BRDL in the treatment of acne scars may be associated with higher expression of collagen which is associated with differential expression of TGFßs, collagenases, PPARγ, and TIMP. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:341-347, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Acne Vulgar/complicações , Cicatriz/terapia , Terapia a Laser/instrumentação , Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Acne Vulgar/metabolismo , Acne Vulgar/patologia , Adulto , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia a Laser/métodos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-Cego , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Post-inflammatory erythema is a common result of acne inflammation and is cosmetically unacceptable without effective treatment. Fractional microneedling radiofrequency (FMR) has potential for treatment of post-inflammatory erythema. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment. A retrospective chart review was undertaken of 25 patients treated with 2 sessions of radiofrequency at 4-week intervals and 27 patients treated with oral antibiotics and/or topical agents. Efficacy was assessed through an investigator's global assessment of photographs, and the analysis of erythema with image analysis software and photometric devices. Histological changes resulting from the treatment were evaluated by skin biopsy. FMR treatment resulted in significant improvements in erythema with no severe adverse effects. Histological study revealed a reduction in vascular markers and inflammation. FMR is a safe and effective treatment for post-inflammatory erythema, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenetic properties.
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Acne Vulgar/complicações , Eritema/terapia , Tratamento por Radiofrequência Pulsada/métodos , Ondas de Rádio , Pele/patologia , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Biópsia , Desenho de Equipamento , Eritema/diagnóstico , Eritema/etiologia , Eritema/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Masculino , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Agulhas , Satisfação do Paciente , Tratamento por Radiofrequência Pulsada/instrumentação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pele/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fractional microneedling radiofrequency (FMR) is an emerging treatment modality, but its effect on rosacea has not been studied yet. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential impact of FMR treatment on clinical improvement and histologic changes in rosacea patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 12-week, prospective, randomized, split-face clinical trial was conducted. Two sessions of FMR were performed on one side of the cheeks with 4-week interval and the other side remained untreated. Erythema index from DermaSpectrometer and a* value from Spectrophotometer CM-2002 were measured at each visit for the objective measurement of erythema. Histologic analysis of skin samples was also carried out. RESULTS: Clinical evaluation and photometric measurement revealed the reduction of redness in the treated side compared with untreated side and baseline. Erythema index decreased 13.6% and a* value decreased 6.8% at Week 12 compared with baseline. Reduced expression of markers related to inflammation, innate immunity, and angiogenesis was observed in immunohistochemical staining of tissue obtained after FMR treatment. CONCLUSION: Fractional microneedling radiofrequency treatment showed modest clinical and histologic improvement of rosacea, and it might be used as an alternative or in combination with other treatment methods.
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Dermatoses Faciais/radioterapia , Agulhas , Tratamento por Radiofrequência Pulsada/métodos , Rosácea/radioterapia , Adulto , Dermatoses Faciais/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Rosácea/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Bovine amniotic membrane (BAM) has been regarded as an ideal dressing material because it accelerates epithelization and has anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and strong analgesic effects. To evaluate the clinical effects of BAM and compare them to that of hydrocolloid dressings on wounds created by ablative laser treatments, 49 subjects with nevi or scars requiring ablative laser treatment were evaluated. To compare efficacy, we divided the body into six areas and included patients with two or more similar skin lesions in the same body area. After ablative laser treatments, BAM and hydrocolloid dressing were applied to the wounds with random allocation. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline, 1, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 13 days after treatment. Histologic changes were assessed by skin biopsy. BAM treatment induced faster epithelization than hydrocolloid treatment (6.7 vs. 9.2 days). Erythema and oozing faded more quickly, and the satisfaction score was higher in BAM-treated sites than it was in hydrocolloid-treated sites, without severe adverse effects. Histologic analysis confirmed epithelization and immunohistochemistry revealed different growth factor profiles between the two treatment modalities. BAM benefits wound healing following ablative laser treatment.
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Âmnio , Curativos Hidrocoloides , Curativos Biológicos , Eritema/patologia , Inflamação/patologia , Terapia a Laser/efeitos adversos , Pele/patologia , Extratos de Tecidos/farmacologia , Cicatrização , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Bovinos , Proliferação de Células , Cicatriz/patologia , Cicatriz/prevenção & controle , Eritema/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Inflamação/imunologia , Masculino , Curativos Oclusivos , Medição da Dor , Satisfação do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Pele/imunologia , Pele/lesões , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Screening of natural compounds for the development of anti-acne therapeutic agents has been steadily required considering various side effects of acne medications. However, previous studies have mainly focused on experimental tests without clinical trials and histopathological analysis. OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical efficacy, safety and histopathological changes between Lactobacillus-fermented Chamaecyparis obtusa (LFCO) and existing tea tree oil (TTO). METHODS: A total of 34 patients were instructed to apply 5% LFCO to the involved areas of a randomly allocated side and 5% TTO extract to the other side for 8 weeks in a double-blind split-face clinical trial. RESULTS: After 8 weeks, inflammatory acne lesions were reduced by 65.3% on the LFCO side and by 38.2% on the TTO side. LFCO was also superior to TTO in the onset time of efficacy (p < 0.05). The LFCO side further demonstrated improvement for non-inflammatory lesions (52.6%, p < 0.05), decreased size of sebaceous glands and sebum output reductions. Patients' subjective satisfaction was also higher without severe adverse reactions. Protein expressions of nuclear factor κB decreased earlier on the LFCO side, and those of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-8, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 decreased subsequently. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry further demonstrated that the contents of dihydroxybenzoic acid, taxifolin and quercetin were increased in LFCO after fermentation. CONCLUSIONS: LFCO treatment was rapid and effective for treating acne lesions compared to TTO. Histopathological findings correlated well with the clinical acne grade and treatment response. This novel natural compound appears to be effective and safe for acne treatment.
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Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Chamaecyparis , Limosilactobacillus fermentum , Fitoterapia/métodos , Preparações de Plantas/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Melaleuca/administração & dosagem , Acne Vulgar/patologia , Administração Tópica , Adulto , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/administração & dosagem , Biópsia , Método Duplo-Cego , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and histological changes induced by dietary omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid in acne vulgaris. A 10-week, randomised, controlled parallel dietary intervention study was performed in 45 participants with mild to moderate acne, which were allocated to either an omega-3 fatty acid group (2,000 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), a γ-linoleic acid group (borage oil containing 400 mg γ-linoleic acid), or a control group. After 10 weeks of omega-3 fatty acid or γ-linoleic acid supplementation, inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions decreased significantly. Patient subjective assessment of improvement showed a similar result. Heamatoxylin & eosin staining of acne lesions demonstrated reductions in inflammation and immunohistochemical staining intensity for interleukin-8. No severe adverse effect was reported. This study shows for the first time that omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid could be used as adjuvant treatments for acne patients.
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Acne Vulgar/dietoterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/uso terapêutico , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/uso terapêutico , Ácido alfa-Linolênico/uso terapêutico , Acne Vulgar/metabolismo , Acne Vulgar/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent hair loss disorder with psychological repercussions. Traditional treatments have limitations, leading to the exploration of regenerative therapies such as exosomes derived from adipose tissue stem cells (ASC-Exosomes). METHODS: First, using human hair follicle (HF) dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) treated with ASC-Exosomes, ALP, VCAN, ß-catenin, and LEF-1 levels with RT-PCR and p-GSK3ß, GSK3ß, ß-catenin, ALP, and ß-actin levels with western blot analysis were assessed. Hair shaft elongation test and assay for ALP, Ki-67, and ß-catenin were done using human HF organ culture. Patients with AGA had ASC-Exosomes treatment and were evaluated for hair counts, photographic assessments, subjective satisfaction, and safety profiles. RESULTS: ASC-Exosomes impact hDPCs, increasing proliferation and the upregulation of hair growth-related genes, including ALP, VCAN, ß-catenin, and LEF-1. The Wnt/ß-catenin pathway was activated, indicating their role in promoting hair growth. ASC-Exosomes also promoted hair shaft elongation and ALP activity, suggesting a potential for hair regeneration. Thirty participants with AGA enrolled and treated over 24 weeks. The subjects experienced a significant increase in total hair density, improved global photographic assessments, and reported higher subjective satisfaction without severe adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: This research contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of exosomes in hair loss treatment, offering a safe and effective alternative for individuals with AGA.
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Tecido Adiposo , Alopecia , Proliferação de Células , Exossomos , Folículo Piloso , Fator 1 de Ligação ao Facilitador Linfoide , Regeneração , Humanos , Alopecia/terapia , Folículo Piloso/citologia , Exossomos/metabolismo , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Tecido Adiposo/citologia , Fator 1 de Ligação ao Facilitador Linfoide/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cabelo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Células-Tronco/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Studies have reported promising results of mesenchymal stem cell therapies for skin aging. However, in the use of mesenchymal stem cells, some drawbacks including rarely possible tumorigenicity and low engraftment rates have limited their widespread clinical use. Adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes (ASCEs) are emerging as effective cell-free therapeutic agents. AIMS: It was evaluated the clinical efficacy of combining the application of human ASCE-containing solution (HACS) with microneedling to treat facial skin aging. METHODS: A 12-week, prospective, randomized, split-face, comparative study was conducted. Twenty-eight individuals underwent three treatment sessions separated by 3-week intervals and were followed up for 6 weeks after the last session. At each treatment session, HACS and microneedling were administered to one side of the face, and normal saline solution and microneedling were administered to the other side as a control. RESULTS: The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale score was significantly higher on the HACS-treated side than on the control side at the final follow-up visit (p = 0.005). Objective measurements obtained by different devices including PRIMOS Premium, Cutometer MPA 580, Corneometer CM 825, and Mark-Vu confirmed greater clinical improvements in skin wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, and pigmentation on the HACS-treated side than on the control side. The results of the histopathological evaluation were consistent with the clinical findings. No serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that combined treatment using HACS and microneedling is effective and safe for treating facial skin aging.
Assuntos
Técnicas Cosméticas , Exossomos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Envelhecimento da Pele , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Acne treatments using laser and light devices have been reported to have varying degrees of efficacy. However, there has been no study of treatment of acne using a dual mode (quasi-long pulse and Q-switched mode) 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser assisted with a topically applied carbon suspension. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and histological changes of new laser treatment method for acne vulgaris. METHODS: Twenty-two patients received 3 sessions of quasi-long pulse and Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment assisted with a topically applied carbon suspension at 2-week intervals in a randomized split face manner. RESULTS: At the final visit, the inflammatory acne lesions were reduced on the laser-treated side by 58.6% (P < .001), but increased on the untreated side by 5%. The noninflammatory acne lesions were reduced on the laser-treated side by 52.4% (P < .001). Sebum output reduction, inflammatory cell and cytokine reductions, a decrease of the thickness of a perifollicular stratum corneum and a full epithelium, and skin rejuvenation effect were found. The histopathologic examination of the acne lesions showed decreased inflammation and immunostaining intensity for interleukin 8, matrix metalloproteinase-9, toll-like receptor-2, and nuclear factor kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor alpha was reduced significantly. No severe adverse reactions were reported. All patients reported mild transient erythema that disappeared in a few hours. LIMITATIONS: The number of subjects studied was small. CONCLUSIONS: This laser treatment was rapid and effective for treating not only the inflammatory but also the noninflammatory acne lesions when compared with the control side. The histopathologic findings correlated well with the clinical acne grade and treatment response. This novel laser treatment appears to be safe and effective for acne treatment.