Perception of basic education students about drugs: a look at the light of Merleau-Ponty. / Percepção de estudantes da educação básica sobre drogas: um olhar à luz de Merleau-Ponty.

OBJECTIVE: Unveil the perception of students from basic education about drugs. METHODS: Phenomenological study based on Maurice Merleau-Ponyt, conducted with 14 students of a school in Bahia, Brazil, through the Focus Group, in the months of April to June of 2013. The reports have been analyzed based on the Ambiguity Analytics technique. RESULTS: They have been presented in the form of three categories: common sense and scientific knowledge occupy opposite locus; drug addicts; the good and evil of legal and illegal drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The students' perception of drugs intertwined with scientific knowledge and at the same time placing it at the center of the phenomenon, separating the lawful as good and illicit as bad, which points to the need for socio-educational measures among educators, students and family members, aimed at the decentralization of the drug place in the context in which the phenomenon happens so that we understand the complexity involved in the theme.

Ambiguity of care in the experience of drug consumers. / Ambiguidade do cuidado na vivência do consumidor de drogas.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the perception of users of a Psychosocial Care Center about care in the context of drug use. METHODS: Study based on the Phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, developed in the Center for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and Other Drugs. The data has been submitted to the Analytical Technique of Ambiguity. RESULTS: The drug use sometimes provides the consumer with pleasurable feelings, sometimes contributing to the occurrence of biopsychosocial harm and/or new possibilities for relationship with the drug. CONCLUSIONS: The drug use is an ambiguous process, which corresponds to the perception of different care profiles in the relationship between the consumer and the drug. It is up to the health professionals to recognize the diverse possibilities of care and to favor the construction of therapeutic projects based on listening and respecting the needs of drug users.

[The experience of others and becoming a senior citizen]. / A experiência do outro e o vir a ser cidadão idoso.

The study aims to describe the perception of seniors on the exercise of citizenship in the light of the thought of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, based on the notion of the sexed body and the other's body. Discloses was from the participation of 13 elderly, members of acquaintance groups in the city of Jequié/BA, which produced experiential descriptions in three focus group meetings, during the month of April in 2012. Such descriptions were submitted to ambiguity analytics, a technique that consists in suspending the theories and notice the ambiguities inherent in them. From this analysis, two categories have emerged: being an elderly citizen in the expression of the sexed body and being an elderly citizen in the expression of the other's body. The reflections have shown that the inclusion of elderly women in acquaintance groups and their desire to exercise citizenship occur, primarily, by the need to be accepted in society and recognized as subjects of law.

Professional identity of mental health nurses: a phenomenological study in Merleau-Ponty.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the professional identity of Mental Health Nurses. METHOD: Qualitative research, based on Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, conducted between October 2019 and April 2020, with sixteen Nurses working in the field of Mental Health, located in two municipalities of the State of Bahia, Brazil. The Phenomenological Interviewwas used to produce the data, which, after transcription, was submitted to analysis using the Analytics of Ambiguity. RESULTS: We outlined the categories: From Classical Psychiatry to Psychosocial Care;Identity leap mediated by the experience of the body itself. We understand that the know-how of Mental Health Nursing is being built in the intersubjectivity with users and the multiprofessional team. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Although the Nursing performance reveals ambiguities that show the transition between Classical Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, it proved to be powerful to make the "identity leap", a transcendence that shows how much this experience enables acting in Mental Health.

Community therapy as a strategy for promoting the mental health of professors in the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the perception of university professors about Integrative Community Therapy as a mental health promotion strategy. METHODS: Qualitative, phenomenological and interventional research, conducted with professors of the Nursing course at the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The experiential descriptions were produced through phenomenological interviews, whose resulting material was analyzed based on the Ambiguity Analytical technique. RESULTS: The professors expressed a lack of interaction between them, a fact that has become a reality in everyday academic life and that has worsened in the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the Community Therapy circles in a virtual environment proved to be effective in sharing psychosocial and physical demands, as well as in the collective discussion of problem situations and the search for joint solutions. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the potential of Community Therapy as an integrative and complementary practice to the Brazilian public health care model.

Mental suffering in family daily life: a temporal journey according to Merleau-Ponty.

OBJECTIVES: to describe the family's experience in relation to daily life with a family member experiencing mental suffering. METHODS: a qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological study grounded in Merleau-Ponty's ontology of experience was conducted in ten households in a city in the state of Bahia, Brazil, where 24 participants of the Intersubjectivity Wheels reside. The descriptions produced were subjected to the Ambiguity Analytics technique. RESULTS: the descriptions were categorized into: absence as a creative power of the sense of "being" and "not being a family"; and exclusion and acceptance as expressions of mental suffering in the family context. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the experience of mental suffering in the family's daily life is marked by ambiguous feelings, such as joy and sadness, disappointment and satisfaction, lack of love and love. However, experiencing these feelings can mobilize the desire to "become" a family, increase the sense of autonomy and independence, and drive the formation of new family configurations.

[Long-term care institutions for the elderly and their structural coupling with the surrounding social systems]. / Acoplamento estrutural das instituições de longa permanência para idosos com sistemas societais do entorno.

This study was performed in six Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIEs) that helped low-income senior citizens in three regions of the country. Its aim is to examine how LTCIEs' internal organizational system maintained structural coupling with surrounding systems. The data were collected through interviews and observation. The analysis was based on concepts of Luhmann's Social Systems Theory. As a result, the rules of belonging did not encourage aid proposals that stimulated independent life and the individuality of residents. The structural couplings with the external environment generated negative resonance within LTCIEs, such as the lack of links to programmatic actions of public primary health care, inability to maintain a multiprofessional staff, inability to fully adapt the infrastructure, and inability to bring reçatives closer to the institution's daily routine. As a positive aspect, the staff was empowered by the presence of students and their professors.

Victim and villain: ambiguous experience of nursing students in the university context.

OBJECTIVE: To understand how Undergraduate Nursing Students signify the university context. METHOD: A qualitative research, of a phenomenological nature, based on the ontology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, with the participation of 41 undergraduate nursing students from a public university in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected from February to April 2019, using four wheels of Community Therapy, whose produced material was submitted to the Analytical of Ambiguity technique. RESULTS: From the analysis of the experiential descriptions, two categories emerged that reveal the significance attributed by students to their experiences in the university context: the university that generates suffering and the university that provides growth. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Undergraduate Nursing students signify the university context as an ambiguous experience, at the same time that the university is seen as generating suffering, it is also seen as capable of providing intellectual, sociocultural, affective and political growth.

[Systematized care for elders with dementia living in a long-stay institution]. / Cuidado sistematizado a idosos com afeccão demencial residentes em instituição de longa permanência.

This study aimed to systematize a basic model of nursing care based on the taxonomy from the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), tested in elderly patients with dementia affection, living in a Long-Stay Institution (ILPIs) in the countryside of Bahia, Brazil. Nine elder residents were selected at the Institution by the application of the Mini Test on Mental State in two stages, with an interval of six months, which confirmed dementia affection. Data were collected through multidimensional assessment tools for the elder provided by the Ministry of Health. In order to elaborate a caring plan, in accordance with the steps of the nursing process, nursing diagnoses were grouped into four categories: motor behavior cognition and memory, communication and other health physical problems. The caring plans have been implemented and evaluated. Testing and systematization of the basic model from nursing care based on NANDA has been possible among institutionalized demented elder inferring its applicability to other ILPIs.

[Analytics of ambiguity: methodological strategy to the phenomenological research in health]. / Analítica da ambiguidade: estratégia metódica para a pesquisa fenomenológica em saúde.

The strategy presented in this paper, called Analytics of ambiguity, is connected to the necessity of understanding findings in researches based on Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology. It was developed through a study of descriptions of life experiences from ten family members, members of a Mutual Help Group for caregivers of Alzheimer's patients, conducted at a university in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Such descriptions were shown through interviews based on intercorporeal experience, during the writing of a Doctoral Dissertation in Nursing. The application of the Analytics of ambiguity to this study is consistent with other similar studies and opens up possibilities for the understanding of findings in phenomenological researches, specifically those based on the experiential ontology of Merleau-Ponty, for it enables us to recognize consciousness as something non-perceptible and perception as an always ambiguous process.

Community therapy as a strategy for promoting the mental health of professors in the COVID-19 pandemic / La terapia comunitaria como estrategia de promoción de la salud mental del profesorado en la pandemia de COVID-19 / Terapia comunitária como estratégia de promoção da saúde mental de docentes na pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of university professors about Integrative Community Therapy as a mental health promotion strategy. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological and interventional research, conducted with professors of the Nursing course at the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The experiential descriptions were produced through phenomenological interviews, whose resulting material was analyzed based on the Ambiguity Analytical technique. Results: The professors expressed a lack of interaction between them, a fact that has become a reality in everyday academic life and that has worsened in the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the Community Therapy circles in a virtual environment proved to be effective in sharing psychosocial and physical demands, as well as in the collective discussion of problem situations and the search for joint solutions. Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of Community Therapy as an integrative and complementary practice to the Brazilian public health care model.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de los profesores universitarios sobre la Terapia Integrativa Comunitaria como estrategia para promover la salud mental. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, fenomenológica e intervencionista, realizada con profesores del curso de Enfermería de la Universidad Estatal del Sudoeste de Bahía, Jequié, Bahía, Brasil. Las descripciones vivenciales se produjeron a través de entrevistas fenomenológicas, cuyo material resultante fue analizado con base en la técnica Analítica de la Ambigüedad. Resultados: Los docentes manifestaron una falta de interacción entre ellos, hecho que se ha hecho realidad en la vida académica cotidiana y que se ha agravado con el surgimiento de la pandemia de COVID-19. En este contexto, las ruedas de Terapia Comunitaria en un entorno virtual demostraron ser efectivas para compartir demandas psicosociales y físicas, así como en la discusión colectiva de situaciones problemáticas y la búsqueda de soluciones conjuntas. Conclusión: El estudio destaca el potencial de la Terapia Comunitaria como práctica integradora y complementaria al modelo de salud pública brasileño.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de docentes universitários sobre a Terapia Comunitária Integrativa como estratégia de promoção da saúde mental. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, fenomenológica e interventiva, realizada com docentes do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Bahia, Brasil. As descrições vivenciais foram produzidas mediante entrevista fenomenológica, cujo material resultante foi analisado com base na técnica Analítica da Ambiguidade. Resultados: As Docentes expressaram carência de interação entre elas, fato que tem se constituído uma realidade no cotidiano da vida acadêmica e que se agravou na emergência da pandemia da COVID-19. Nesse contexto, as rodas de Terapia Comunitária em ambiente virtual se mostraram eficazes ao compartilhamento de demandas psicossociais e físicas, bem como à discussão coletiva de situações-problema e a busca de soluções conjuntas. Conclusão: O Estudo evidencia o potencial da Terapia Comunitária como prática integrativa e complementar ao modelo de atenção à saúde pública brasileiro.

Mental suffering in family daily life: a temporal journey according to Merleau-Ponty / Sufrimiento mental en la vida diaria de la familia: un viaje temporal según Merleau-Ponty / Sofrimento mental no cotidiano familiar: trajetória temporal segundo Merleau-Ponty

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the family's experience in relation to daily life with a family member experiencing mental suffering. Methods: a qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological study grounded in Merleau-Ponty's ontology of experience was conducted in ten households in a city in the state of Bahia, Brazil, where 24 participants of the Intersubjectivity Wheels reside. The descriptions produced were subjected to the Ambiguity Analytics technique. Results: the descriptions were categorized into: absence as a creative power of the sense of "being" and "not being a family"; and exclusion and acceptance as expressions of mental suffering in the family context. Final Considerations: the experience of mental suffering in the family's daily life is marked by ambiguous feelings, such as joy and sadness, disappointment and satisfaction, lack of love and love. However, experiencing these feelings can mobilize the desire to "become" a family, increase the sense of autonomy and independence, and drive the formation of new family configurations.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir la experiencia de la familia en relación con la vida diaria de un miembro familiar que experimenta sufrimiento mental. Métodos: se realizó un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y fenomenológico basado en la ontología de la experiencia de Merleau-Ponty en diez hogares de una ciudad en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, donde residen 24 participantes de los Círculos de Intersubjetividad. Las descripciones producidas fueron sometidas a la técnica de Análisis de Ambigüedad. Resultados: las descripciones se clasificaron en: la ausencia como un poder creativo del sentido de "ser" y "no ser una familia"; y la exclusión y aceptación como expresiones del sufrimiento mental en el contexto familiar. Consideraciones Finales: la experiencia del sufrimiento mental en la vida diaria de la familia está marcada por sentimientos ambiguos, como alegría y tristeza, decepción y satisfacción, falta de amor y amor. Sin embargo, experimentar estos sentimientos puede movilizar el deseo de "convertirse" en una familia, aumentar el sentido de autonomía e independencia, y promover la formación de nuevas configuraciones familiares.

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever a experiência da família em relação ao cotidiano com o familiar em sofrimento mental. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo fenomenológico, fundamentado na ontologia da experiência de Merleau-Ponty, realizado em dez domicílios de uma cidade do estado da Bahia (Brasil), onde residem os 24 participantes das Rodas de Intersubjetividade. As descrições produzidas foram submetidas à técnica Analítica da Ambiguidade. Resultados: as descrições foram categorizadas em: ausência como potência criadora do sentido de "ser" e "não ser família"; e exclusão e acolhimento como expressão do sofrimento mental no contexto da família. Considerações Finais: a experiência do sofrimento mental no cotidiano da família é marcada por sentimentos ambíguos, como alegria e tristeza, decepção e satisfação, desamor e amor. Entretanto, a vivência desses sentimentos pode mobilizar o desejo de "tornar-se" família, aumentar o senso de autonomia e independência, e impulsionar a formação de novas configurações familiares.

Perception of drug users on family: a phenomenological study.

OBJECTIVE: to understand the perception of drug users about "being a family" in the context of their psychosocial rehabilitation. METHOD: based on the theoretical-philosophical reference of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. It was carried out with eleven users of the Center for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and other Drugs (CAPS AD) in a municipality in the South of Bahia, Brazil, through the Focal Group, in August 2015. The resulting material was submitted to the Ambiguity Analytical Technique. RESULTS: the readings of the descriptions allowed the definition of the thematic category: Nuances of being family: materialist and existential view. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the results of the study converged to the understanding that the user of alcohol and other drugs recognizes the "being a family" from two dimensions: a more materialistic, and an existentialist, which need to be considered in the process of psychosocial rehabilitation of this user.

Professional identity of mental health nurses: a phenomenological study in Merleau-Ponty / La identidad profesional de la enfermera en el campo de la salud mental: estudio fenomenológico en Merleau-Ponty / Identidade profissional da enfermeira no campo da saúde mental: estudo fenomenológico em merleau-ponty

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the professional identity of Mental Health Nurses. Method: Qualitative research, based on Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, conducted between October 2019 and April 2020, with sixteen Nurses working in the field of Mental Health, located in two municipalities of the State of Bahia, Brazil. The Phenomenological Interviewwas used to produce the data, which, after transcription, was submitted to analysis using the Analytics of Ambiguity. Results: We outlined the categories: From Classical Psychiatry to Psychosocial Care;Identity leap mediated by the experience of the body itself. We understand that the know-how of Mental Health Nursing is being built in the intersubjectivity with users and the multiprofessional team. Final considerations: Although the Nursing performance reveals ambiguities that show the transition between Classical Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, it proved to be powerful to make the "identity leap", a transcendence that shows how much this experience enables acting in Mental Health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la identidad profesional de la Enfermera en el ámbito de la Salud Mental. Método: Investigación cualitativa, basada en la fenomenología de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, realizada entre octubre de 2019 y abril de 2020, con dieciséis Enfermeras que trabajan en el campo de la Salud Mental, ubicadas en dos municipios del Estado de Bahía, Brasil. Para la producción de datos, se utilizó la Entrevista Fenomenológica, que, tras su transcripción, fue sometida a análisis mediante la Analítica de la Ambigüedad. Resultados: Delineamos las categorías: De la psiquiatría clásica a la atención psicosocial; Salto de identidad mediado por la experiencia del propio cuerpo. Comprendemos que el saber hacer de la Enfermería en la Salud Mental se está construyendo en la intersubjetividad con los usuarios y el equipo multiprofesional. Consideraciones finales: Aunque la actuación de la Enfermería revela ambigüedades que muestran la transición entre la Psiquiatría Clásica y los Cuidados Psicosociales, se mostró poderosa para dar el "salto de identidad", una trascendencia que muestra cómo esta experiencia la hace capaz de actuar en Salud Mental.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a identidade profissional da Enfermeira no campo da Saúde Mental. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na fenomenologia de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, realizada entre outubro de 2019 e abril de 2020, com dezesseis Enfermeiras atuantes no campo de Saúde Mental, localizados em dois municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Para a produção dos dados utilizou-se a Entrevista Fenomenológica, que, após transcrição,submeteu-se a análise por meio da Analítica da Ambiguidade. Resultados: Delineamos as categorias: Da Psiquiatria Clássica à Atenção Psicossocial; Salto identitário mediado pela vivência do corpo próprio. Compreendemos que o saber-fazer da Enfermagem na Saúde Mental vem sendo construído na intersubjetividade com os usuários e equipe multiprofissional. Considerações finais: Embora a atuação da Enfermagem revele ambiguidades que evidenciam o transitar entre a Psiquiatria Clássica e a Atenção Psicossocial, mostrou-se potente para dar o "salto identitário", transcendência que evidencia o quanto essa vivência a torna capaz para atuar na Saúde Mental.

Victim and villain: ambiguous experience of nursing students in the university context / Víctima y villana: experiencia ambigua de estudiantes de enfermería en el contexto universitario / Vítima e vilã: experiência ambígua de estudantes de enfermagem no contexto universitário

ABSTRACT Objective To understand how Undergraduate Nursing Students signify the university context. Method A qualitative research, of a phenomenological nature, based on the ontology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, with the participation of 41 undergraduate nursing students from a public university in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected from February to April 2019, using four wheels of Community Therapy, whose produced material was submitted to the Analytical of Ambiguity technique. Results From the analysis of the experiential descriptions, two categories emerged that reveal the significance attributed by students to their experiences in the university context: the university that generates suffering and the university that provides growth. Final considerations Undergraduate Nursing students signify the university context as an ambiguous experience, at the same time that the university is seen as generating suffering, it is also seen as capable of providing intellectual, sociocultural, affective and political growth.

RESUMEN Objetivo Comprender cómo los estudiantes de Grado en Enfermería entienden el contexto universitario. Método Investigación cualitativa, de carácter fenomenológico, basada en la ontología de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, con la participación de 41 estudiantes de pregrado en enfermería de una universidad pública del interior de Bahía, Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron de febrero a abril de 2019, utilizando cuatro ruedas de Terapia Comunitaria, cuyo material producido fue sometido a la técnica de Análisis de Ambigüedad. Resultados Del análisis de las descripciones vivenciales surgieron dos categorías que revelan el significado que los estudiantes atribuyen a sus vivencias en el contexto universitario: la universidad que genera sufrimiento y la universidad que brinda crecimiento. Consideraciones finales Los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería conciben el contexto universitario como una experiencia ambigua, al mismo tiempo que se percibe a la universidad como generadora de sufrimiento, también es vista como capaz de brindar crecimiento intelectual, sociocultural, afectivo y político.

RESUMO Objetivo Compreender como os Estudantes de Graduação em Enfermagem significam o contexto universitário. Método Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de natureza fenomenológica, fundamentada na ontologia de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, com participação de 41 estudantes de Graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do interior da Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a abril de 2019, por meio de quatro rodas de Terapia Comunitária, cujo material produzido foi submetido à técnica Analítica da Ambiguidade. Resultados Da análise das descrições vivenciais emergiram duas categorias que revelam o significado atribuído pelos estudantes às suas vivências no contexto universitário: a universidade que gera sofrimento e a universidade que proporciona crescimento. Considerações finais Os estudantes de Graduação em Enfermagem significam o contexto universitário como uma experiência ambígua, ao mesmo tempo em que a universidade é apontada como geradora de sofrimento, ela é vista, também, como capaz de proporcionar crescimento intelectual, sociocultural, afetivo e político.

Inclusão da família na reabilitação psicossocial de consumidores de drogas: cuidar e ser cuidada / Family inclusion in the psychosocial rehabilitation of drug consumers: caring and being cared

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de profissionais de saúde de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas sobre a família no contexto da reabilitação psicossocial de consumidores de drogas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo fenomenológico na perspectiva de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Foi realizado no interior da Bahia, Brasil, no primeiro semestre de 2016, com seis profissionais de saúde mental do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas, por meio da técnica de Grupo Focal. As descrições vivenciais foram submetidas à técnica Analítica da Ambiguidade. Resultados: Após as análises, emergiu a seguinte categoria temática: o cuidado à família nas práticas de reabilitação psicossocial. Conclusão: Compreendemos que a família é o núcleo essencial para as práticas de reabilitação psicossocial de consumidores de drogas, sendo percebida tanto como corresponsável pelo cuidado, quanto como necessitada de cuidados. (AU)

Objective: To understand the perception of health professionals of a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs about the family in the context of psychosocial rehabilitation of drug users. Methods: This is a phenomenological study from the perspective of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. It was carried out in the interior of Bahia, Brazil, in the first half of 2016, with six mental health professionals from the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs, using the Focus Group technique. The experiential descriptions were submitted to the Ambiguity Analytical technique. Results: after the analysis, the following thematic categories emerged: family care in psychosocial rehabilitation practices. Conclusion: We understand that the family is the essential nucleus for the psychosocial rehabilitation practices of drug users, being perceived both as co-responsible for care, and as needing care. (AU)

Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de los profesionales de la salud de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial para el Alcohol y las Drogas sobre la familia en el contexto de la rehabilitación psicosocial de los usuarios de drogas. Métodos: Este es un estudio fenomenológico desde la perspectiva de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Se llevó a cabo en el interior de Bahía, Brasil, en el primer semestre de 2016, con seis profesionales de la salud mental del Centro de Atención Psicosocial para el Alcohol y las Drogas, utilizando la técnica Focus Group. Las descripciones experimentales se sometieron a la técnica de análisis de ambigüedad. Resultados: Después del análisis, surgieron las siguientes categorías temáticas: cuidado familiar en prácticas de rehabilitación psicosocial. Conclusion: Entendemos que la familia es el núcleo esencial para las prácticas de rehabilitación psicosocial de los usuarios de drogas, siendo percibidos como corresponsables de la atención y como necesitados. (AU)

Autonomia do enfermeiro no cuidado à pessoa com lesão crônica / Nurse autonomy in caring for people with chronic injuries / Autonomía del enfermero en el cuidado de personas con lesión crónica

Resumo O presente estudo reflete sobre a autonomia do enfermeiro no cuidado à pessoa com lesão crônica. O trabalho em enfermagem é influenciado por dimensões tecnológicas e definido pela responsabilidade profissional e o compartilhamento de atividades com outras categorias, fatores que impactam diretamente a autonomia do enfermeiro no tratamento de lesões crônicas. Por isso, é importante reconhecer as competências e limitações do trabalho desse profissional, de modo a reorientar condicionamentos. A autonomia do enfermeiro não deve se sobrepor à autonomia do paciente. Mediante ações educativas, deve-se considerar a heterogeneidade de papéis para assegurar a integridade do paciente e garantir a adesão terapêutica, enfatizando a importância da corresponsabilidade no processo de cura.

Abstract This study reflects on nurses' autonomy in caring for people with chronic injuries. Nursing work is influenced by technological dimensions and defined by professional responsibility and the sharing of activities with other categories, factors that directly impact nurses' autonomy in the treatment of chronic injuries. Therefore, it is important to recognize the skills and limitations of this professional's work, in order to reorient conditionings. The nurse's autonomy should not take precedence over the patient's. Through educational actions, the heterogeneity of roles must be taken into account to ensure patient integrity and ensure therapeutic adherence, emphasizing the importance of co-responsibility in the healing process.

Resumen El presente estudio reflexiona sobre la autonomía del enfermero en el cuidado de la persona con lesión crónica. El trabajo de enfermería está influenciado por las dimensiones tecnológicas y definido por la responsabilidad profesional y el compartir de actividades con otras categorías, factores que impactan directamente la autonomía de los enfermeros en el tratamiento de las lesiones crónicas. Por lo tanto, es importante reconocer las habilidades y limitaciones del trabajo de este profesional, con el fin de reorientar el condicionamiento. La autonomía del enfermero no debe superponerse con la autonomía del paciente. A través de acciones educativas, se debe tener en cuenta la heterogeneidad de roles para asegurar la integridad del paciente y asegurar la adherencia terapéutica, enfatizando la importancia de la corresponsabilidad en el proceso de curación.

[The care according to Leonardo Boff's perspective, a personality to be rediscovered in nursing]. / O cuidado na perspectiva de Leonardo Boff, uma personalidade a ser (re)descoberta na enfermagem.

It is an essay about Boff's contribution for care in the macro dimension, from its ecological point of view and micro in the care among the human beings. The author bases the concept of care starting from theological, philosophical, social, and mystical questions, visualizing the human relations that move through the ecological dimension: integral, social and environmental. It aims to know/understand the care broached by the author for the ontological and epistemological fundamentation of care in nursing. The result of this one, has been a vigilant arouse in the sense to visualize and to implement strategies of adaptation to the proposal of a new paradigm that involves a rescue of human being essence with a manner-of-being-with-the-world that moves through the care.

Autonomia do usuário na implementação de práticas integrativas complementares / User autonomy in implementing additional integrative practices

Resumo Esse estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma reflexão bioética acerca da autonomia dos usuários submetidos às Práticas Integrativas Complementares no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde, à luz da concepção de Bioética da Proteção. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura com recorte temporal de 2007 a 2017, cuja busca do material ocorreu no mês de abril de 2018, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Como resultado, foi identificado que a maior parte do material analisado é recente, entre 2010 e 2017, escrita por diferentes profissionais que se preocupam em estudar o tema, em periódicos de nível nacional no idioma português, sendo o interesse predominante entre farmacêuticos e enfermeiros. Foi possível perceber que, na concepção dos usuários, as Práticas Integrativas Complementares investigadas influenciam positivamente na autonomia do usuário. Embora as Práticas Integrativas Complementares sejam consideradas estratégias eficazes na promoção da saúde, surgem desafios ao integrá-las em um contexto onde a biociência domina nos aspectos epistemológicos e culturais. Recomenda-se, assim, que se ampliem as pesquisas sobre Prática Integrativa Complementar, e se invista em metodologias para a sensibilização dos atores envolvidos, visando ampliar a interface com a promoção da saúde, favorecendo a compreensão e a consolidação dessas práticas no cenário do fazer em saúde.

Abstract This study aimed to develop a bioethical reflection on the autonomy of users submitted to Complementary Integrative Practices in the context of the Unified Health System, in the light of the concept of Protection Bioethics. This is an integrative literature review with a time frame from 2007 to 2017, whose search for the material took place in April 2018, at the Virtual Health Library. As a result, it was identified that most of the material analyzed is recent, between 2010 and 2017, written by different professionals who are concerned with studying the topic, in national journals in the Portuguese language, being the predominant interest among pharmacists and nurses. It was possible to perceive that, in the users' conception, the Complementary Integrative Practices investigated positively influence the user's autonomy. Although Complementary Integrative Practices are considered effective strategies in health promotion, challenges arise when integrating them in a context where bioscience dominates in epistemological and cultural aspects. Therefore, it is recommended that research on Complementary Integrative Practice be expanded, and investment in methodologies to raise awareness among the actors involved, aiming at expanding the interface with health promotion, favoring the understanding and consolidation of these practices in the scenario of doing in health.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar una reflexión bioética sobre la autonomía de los usuarios sometidos a Prácticas Integrativas Complementarias en el contexto del Sistema Único de Salud, a la luz del concepto de Bioética de Protección. Esta es una revisión de literatura integradora con un marco de tiempo de 2007 a 2017, cuya búsqueda del material tuvo lugar en abril de 2018, en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud. Como resultado, se identificó que la mayor parte del material analizado es reciente, entre 2010 y 2017, escrito por diferentes profesionales interesados en estudiar el tema, en revistas nacionales en portugués, siendo el interés predominante entre farmacéuticos y enfermeras. Fue posible percibir que, en la concepción de los usuarios, las Prácticas Integrativas Complementarias investigadas influyen positivamente en la autonomía del usuario. Aunque las Prácticas Integrativas Complementarias se consideran estrategias efectivas en la promoción de la salud, surgen desafíos al integrarlas en un contexto donde la biociencia domina en aspectos epistemológicos y culturales. Por lo tanto, se recomienda ampliar la investigación sobre Práctica Integrativa Complementaria e inversiones en metodologías para aumentar la conciencia de los actores involucrados, con el objetivo de ampliar la interfaz con la promoción de la salud, favoreciendo la comprensión y consolidación de estas prácticas en el escenario práctico. en salud

Reflexividade do sensível e do cuidado à família no contexto da saúde mental / Reflexivity of the sensitive and family care in the context of mental health / Reflexividad de lo sensible y de la atención familiar en el contexto de la salud mental

Objetivo: descrever a experiência de famílias que vivenciam o sofrimento mental em dispositivos existenciais presentes no território. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado na fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty. Com aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa, o estudo foi desenvolvido entre julho de 2017 e junho de 2018 em um município da Bahia, Brasil, com a participação de dez famílias, representadas por 24 pessoas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas fenomenológicas e rodas de intersubjetividade, tendo sido analisados pela técnica analítica da ambiguidade. Resultados: as descrições foram categorizadas em: família como lugar de re(construção) de virtudes relacionais e liberdade como dispositivo existencial de cuidado. Conclusão: o estudo demostrou o potencial da família para se constituir como espaço de promoção de virtudes e fortalecimento de vínculos; e ressaltou a importância da construção e valorização de experiências dialógicas, a exemplo das rodas de intersubjetividade, que se mostraram como relevante estratégia de cuidado em saúde mental.

Objective: to describe the experience of families who experience mental suffering in existential spaces in the territory. Method: this qualitative, descriptive study, based on the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty and approved by the research ethics committee, was conducted between July 2017 and June 2018 in a municipality in Bahia, Brazil, with the participation of ten families, represented by 24 people. Data were collected in phenomenological interviews and intersubjectivity groups, and then analyzed using the ambiguity analysis technique. Results: the resulting descriptions were categorized into the family as a place for re(building) relational virtues and freedom as an existential space for care. Conclusion: the study demonstrated the family's potential to constitute a space for promoting virtues and strengthening bonds, and highlighted the importance of building and valuing dialogical experiences, such as the intersubjectivity groups, which proved to be a substantial mental health care strategy.

Objetivo: describir la vivencia de familias que experimentan sufrimiento mental en espacios existenciales del territorio. Método: este estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, basado en la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty y aprobado por el comité de ética en investigación, se realizó entre julio de 2017 y junio de 2018 en un municipio de Bahía, Brasil, con la participación de diez familias, representadas por 24 personas. Los datos fueron recolectados en entrevistas fenomenológicas y grupos de intersubjetividad, y luego analizados usando la técnica de análisis de ambigüedad. Resultados: las descripciones resultantes se categorizaron en la familia como lugar de reconstrucción de las virtudes relacionales y la libertad como espacio existencial para el cuidado. Conclusión: el estudio demostró el potencial de la familia para constituir un espacio de promoción de virtudes y fortalecimiento de vínculos, y destacó la importancia de construir y valorar experiencias dialógicas, como los grupos de intersubjetividad, que resultó ser una estrategia sustancial de atención en salud mental.