[Efficacy of a preparation based on Lactobacillus acidophilus for protection from myelotoxic effects of ionizing radiation and antineoplastic cytostatics]. / Effektivnost' primeneniia preparata na osnove Lactobacillus acidophilus dlia zashchity ot mielotoksicheskogo deistviia ioniziruiushchei radiatsii i protivoopukholevykh tsitostatikov.

The ability of a Lactobacillus acidophilius (LA) based preparation to prevent from a myelotoxic damage was studied on (CBA.C57BL/6)F1 mice upon total gamma-irradiation or single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphan. The antitumor and antimetastatic activity of LA-based preparation was studied in experiments with C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma or melanoma B16. The preparation obtained from heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilius species provides protection of hemopoietic stem cells, as evidenced by the amount of endogenous CFUs increased 3.4-6.7 times. The LA-based preparation favored accelerated overcoming the radiation- and cyclophosphan-induced leukopenia. At the same time, the drug did not affect the proliferative activity and apoptosis of tumor cells, their growth rate, and metastatic activity. Nor did it reduce the efficacy of the experimental tumor radiotherapy.

[Study of the possibility of hyperparathyroidism development in rats exposed to internal irradiation by iodine radioisotope]. / Issledovanie vozmozhnosti razvitiia giperparatireoza u krys, perenesshikh vnutrennee obluchenie ot radioizotopa ioda.

The possibility of hyperparathyroidism development secondary to earlier internal irradiation with radioactive iodine was studied experimentally in Wistar rats. This report describes the parathyroid morphology and biochemical findings for animals irradiated with 131I at the doses of 4.5, 40, or 80 Gy. The interval between the radiation exposure of two-month-old rats and their examination for thyroid and parathyroid pathology was 14 months. Neither hypercalcemia nor hypophosphatemia was found. Moreover, the level of calcium in serum slightly decreased following 40 and 80 Gy irradiation. The increased incidence of parathyroid fibrosis and hypofunctional structure transformation were revealed.

[Antitoxic features of magnesium oxide under combined radiation and thermal injury]. / Antitoksichnye svoistva okisi magniia pri kombinirovannom radiatsionno-termicheskom porazhenii.

Male Wistar rats were exposed to 7.5 Gy total body gamma radiation followed to the additional full-thickness thermal bum. It was shown, that single administration of magnesium oxide in 1 hour after combined injury significantly corrected the early signs of endogenous intoxication. The level of bacterial endotoxemia decreased as well as serum concentration of toxic oligopeptides; general blood serum toxicity has been reduced too. Four-fold magnesium oxide's using as an enterosorbent in combination with antibiotics (doxycyclini, gentamicini or ciprofloxacin) has ensured 73-100% rats survival. All untreated animals dead within 30 days after combined injury.

[The modifying influence of thermal injury on the postradiation changes in the biochemical and functional activities of peritoneal macrophages]. / Modifitsiruiushchee vliianie termicheskoi travmy na postradiatsionnye izmeneniia biokhimicheskoi i funktsional'noi aktivnosti peritoneal'nykh makrofagov.

The effect of thermal injury on radiation-induced (3-7 Gy) changes in quantitative and qualitative composition, biochemical and functional activity of the peritoneal macrophages was studied. The reduce of peritoneal cells total number and alterations of their qualitative composition were conditioned by radiation component of combined radiation end thermal injury (CRTJ). The enzymes' activity and the protein content in macrophages were the most enhanced 7-9 days after CRTJ as compared with the effect of radiation per se. The early and the most pronounced luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence increase in zymosan stimulated macrophages was conditioned by thermal component. The mechanisms of increase in the macrophages functional activity induced by radiation end CRTJ are discussed.

[Post-irradiation changes of metabolic and functional activity of adhesive macrophages]. / Postradiatsionnye izmeneniia metabolicheskoi i funktsionalnoi aktivnosti adgeziruiushchikh makrofagov.

Research into dose- and time-dependent alterations of quantitative and qualitative composition of the peritoneal cells has been carried out. Exposure at 3, 5, 7, or 9 Gy reduced the total number of peritoneal cells, increased the activity of the lactate-, malate-, and qlucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenases, of the acid phosphatase and catepsin D; the amount of the cell protein in adhesing macrophages was also increased. The exposed macrophages showed enhanced phagocytic and cytotoxic activity as evidenced by the increase in luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemilumenscence in vitro. The most pronounced changes took place 7-9 days after exposure at 9 Gy.

[The characteristics of the development of bacterial enterotoxemia and endotoxemia in combined radiation and thermal lesions]. / Osobennosti razvitiia bakterial'noi énteroéndotoksemii pri kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazheniiakh.

Thermal burn of irradiated rats increases the level and the length of the postirradiation enteroendotoxemia and aggravates the postirradiation impairment of the hematoenterocitic barrier. The pharmacological correction of the small intestine motility and introduction of ciproheptadine, an agent that blocks serotonin receptors, ameliorates the above phenomenon in radiation and thermal injuries.

[Functional changes in the small intestine under the influence of sorbents in rats with a radiation-thermal lesion]. / Izmenenie funktsii tonkoi kishki pod vliianiem sorbentov u krys s radiatsionno-termicheskim porazheniem.

Major small intestine functions of rats were inhibited after whole-body exposure to radiation and heat. The injection of sorbents varying in the chemical structure favored the recovery of the small intestine function.

[Effect of anabol on the functional activity indices of mononuclear phagocytes]. / Vliianie anabola na nekotorye pokazateli funktsional'noi aktivnosti mononuklearnykh fagotsitov.

Anabol is a biopolymer from the complex of components extracted from the surface layer of the Lactobacillus bulgaricus cell wall. Its effect on certain indices of the functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes was studied. Administration of the preparation in a dose of 20 mg/kg 24 hours before the investigation resulted in lowering of the stain half-life in the general blood flow and increasing of the fibronectin levels in blood plasma of rats. Activation of the metabolic activity estimated by nitroblue tetrazolium test as well as resident cells and induced macrophages was observed. 24 hours after the anabol administration there was noted a marked increase in the pool of the precursors of granulocytes and macrophages, the stimulating effect being preserved for up to 3 days. The results showed that anabol had an effect on various elements of the system of mononuclear phagocytes. It may be useful in complex therapy aimed at increasing the host resistance to diverse toxic substances and bacterial infection.

[Effect of anabol on the functional activity indices of mononuclear phagocytes]. / Vliianie anabola na nekotorye pokazateli funktsional'noi aktivnosti mononuklearnykh fagotsitov.

In this investigation the influence of anabol, a biopolymer preparation incorporated into a complex of extracted components obtained from the surface layer of Lactobacillus bulgaricus cell wall, on some functional activity characteristics of mononuclear phagocytes has been studied. The injection of the preparation in a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight 24 hours prior to the experiment leads to a decrease in the time necessary for the elimination of one-half of the total amount of ink from the blood stream and to an increase in the content of fibronectin in the blood plasma of rats. The activation of the metabolic activity of resident and induced macrophages, evaluated by the nitro blue tetrazolium reduction test, is observed. On the next day after the injection of anabol the sharp increase of the pool of granulocyte and microphage precursors is observed; the stimulating effect may be retained as long as 3 days. The results thus obtained indicate that anabol acts on different elements of the system of mononuclear phagocytes and can be effective in the complex therapy aimed at the increase of the body resistance to any toxic substances and bacterial infection.

[Interphase death of thymus cells in combined radiation-thermal injury against a background of prophylactic administration of alpha-tocopherol and indomethacin]. / Interfaznaia gibel' kletok timusa pri kombinirovannom radiatsionno-termicheskom porazhenii na fone profilakticheskogo vvedeniia al'fa-tokoferola i indometatsina.

The administration of alpha-tocopherol prior to radiation and thermal affection enhances chromatin degradation in thymocytes, increases the number of pyknomorphic cells in the critical zone of thymus, and enhances injury to erythrocyte membranes. The preventive administration of indomethacin does not influence the interphase cell death.

[Protective properties of plasma from burned and irradiated rats in relation to the in vivo lethal effects of endotoxins]. / Protektivnye svoistva plazmy obozhzhennykh i obluchennykh krys v otnoshenii letal'nykh éffektov éndotoksinov in vivo.

The intraperitoneal injection of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli endotoxins into previously irradiated rats killed 80% of the animals within 24 hours. After the combined injection of these endotoxins with the heterologous plasma of intact rats mortality rate decreased to 12% and 19%, respectively. A deep burn of the skin, acute radiation sickness and combined radiation and thermal lesion did not abolish this phenomenon of humoral detoxication; at different periods after the action of heat, radiation or both the plasma of the test rats exerted its protective effect practically to the same extent as in the controls.

[Thyroid gland hypofunction during separate and combined radiation-thermal injury]. / Gipofunktsiia shchitovidnoi zhelezy pri izolirovannykh i kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazheniiakh.

A study was made of the dynamics of structural, morphological and histological changes in the thyroid gland of Wistar rats subjected to gamma-irradiation (7.5 Gy) and thermal burn (15% of a body surface) and a combined effect of these two factors. Concurrently, an estimation was made of the iodine content of the gland, using the roentgen-fluorescent method, and of the thyroxin concentration in blood. The results obtained were considered in relation to the clinical course and the outcome of the affection caused by the combined and individual effects of radiation and heat. It is conluded that the cell-tissue substrate providing the thyroid hormones synthesis does not undergo substantial variations from normal values which could be considered as a cause of the decrease in the hormone content of blood after burn, irradiation and the combined radiation and thermal injury. Other possible causes of hyperthyroxynemia are discussed.