Study on the zona pellucida 4 (ZP4) gene sequence and its expression in the ovaries of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder of unknown pathology, involving reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Oocyte-specific genes are a group of genes expressed exclusively in ovarian tissue; therefore, they can play an important role in ovarian pathologies such as PCOS. The zona pellucida 4 (ZP4) gene encodes glycoprotein which is a part of the extracellular matrix of oocyte. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 87 patients with PCOS, which were divided into four groups depending on their phenotype. In each patient, we performed profound clinical and biochemical analysis, including the measurement of serum androgens. The ovarian tissue samples were used to perform a real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining using anti-ZP4 monoclonal antibodies. The ZP4 gene was sequenced from peripheral lymphocytes. RESULTS: The expression of ZP4 was present in early antral follicles and was stronger in mature follicles. The subgroup of patients with eumenorrhea and without hyperandrogenism presented the highest expression of ZP4 in ovarian tissue. In one case, we found a mutation of the ZP4 gene. No correlations were found between the ZP4 expression level and biochemical or clinical indices. CONCLUSIONS: Data from this and animal studies suggest a possible relationship between androgens and ZP4 expression. ZP4 expression is highest among patients with PCOS and a regular cycle, and this is a consequence of the presence of mature follicles in this group. In some patients with PCOS and infertility, ZP4 mutation can be found.

Bilateral androblastoma (Sertoli-stromal cell tumor) of the ovary: a rare cause of virilization in a teenager.

A case of a 17-year-old patient diagnosed with bilateral androblastoma of the ovary is presented. The patient was admitted because of secondary amenorrhea, hirsutism and acne. After clinical, ultrasonographic and hormonal examinations an androgen-producing ovarian tumor was suspected and consequently laparotomy with right ovarian tumor excision and left ovary exploration was carried out. During surgery the right ovarian tumor was excised and exploration of the left ovary revealed an ovarian tumor with a diameter of 10 mm, which was then also excised. The pathologic diagnosis was a bilateral androblastoma of the ovary measuring 40 mm x 30 mm x 20 mm in the right ovary and 10 mm in diameter in the left ovary. We concluded that androblastomas, in spite of their low incidence, are a possibility that should always be considered in women of all ages presenting with signs of virilization.

The level of antibody against E6 HPV 16 oncoprotein in blood sera of women with chronic HPV 16 infection and cervical cancer.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to estimate of the role of chronic HPV 16 infection and the presence of anti E6 HPV 16 in the initiation of the cancerogenesis process of cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included two groups of patients. The first group comprised 323 women observed for three consecutive years (1998-2000), in whom the presence of HPV 16 viruses was estimated by PCR, and the level of anti E6 HPV 16 antibodies was estimated in the plasma with ELISA. A similar test was performed in a group of 46 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 91 patients with invasive cervical cancer and 22 women after hysterectomy and RTG-therapy. RESULTS: In 32 patients, chronic HPV 16 infection showed a steady rise in the mean absorbance level of anti E6 HPV 16 antibodies from 0.04 in 1998 to 0.06 in 2000, while in HPV-negative women the mean absorbance value was 0.03-0.04. Mean absorbance value in patients with CIN III and invasive cancer rose with advancing stage of the cancer process and lowered after completion of oncological treatment. The values were 0.14, 0.33 and 0.13, respectively. CONCLUSION: The persistence of chronic HPV 16 infection and accompanying steady rise in absorbance index caused by an increase in the level of antiviral antibodies are a clear warning signal preceding in time the histological process of cancerogenesis.

[Immunohistochemical examination oncogenic c-erb-b2, egf-r proteins and antioncogenic p53 protein in vulvar cancers HPV-16 positive and negative]. / Immunohistochemiczne oznaczanie aktywnosci proliferacyjnej oraz bialek onkogennych C-ERB-B2, EGF-R i bialka antyonkogennego p53 w rakach sromu i stanach przedrakowych sromu i pochwy HPV 16 pozytywnych i negatywnych.

In vulvar cancers HPV 16 positive, HPV 16 negative, and vulvar and vaginal precancerous status (VIN, VAIN) immunohistochemical technik onko- and antioncogenic proteins were evaluated. The contrary correlation between HPV 16 presence and overexpression p53 were detected. It suggest the heterogenic etiology of these cancers. There was payed attention to high activity of virus replication and intensive virion production in VAIN. Nontreated vaginal lesion may make difficult to obtain a positive cervical HPV infection treatment.

[Biomarkers in primary ovarian cancers and after chemotherapy]. / Biomarkery w pierwotnych rakach jajnika i po leczeniu cytostatykami.

The authors analyzed the expression of oncogen and antioncogen proteins using immunoperoxidase technique with monoclonal antibodies in 49 primary ovarian carcinomas and 38 cancers after chemotherapy (second look) There was not found independent prognostic marker. But some results suggest, that in the individual cases estimate proliferative activity and overexpression P53 may give some information about intensitivity and quality of chemotherapy.

[Ovarian gonadal tumors in materials of the clinic of gynecological endocrinology of the Medical Academy in Poznan (1970-1998)]. / Nowotwory gonadalne jajnika w materiale kliniki endokrynologii ginekologicznej AM w Poznaniu (1970-1998).

11 patients with ovarian gonadal tumors were treated at Clinic of Endocrinological-Gynecology of Academy of Medicine in Poznan. All presented symptoms of hormonal ovetproduction. In 9 cases we performed adnexectomy, only in 1 case (patient after menopause) hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy.

[Androblastoma in a female patient with the signs of virility: a clinical-morphological and genetic study]. / Androblastoma u pacjentki z objawami wirylizacji--badanie kliniczo-morfologiczne i genetyczne.

We report a case of 24 year old patient with secondary amenorrhea, virilization and elevated serum testosterone concentration, in which cystic-solid tumor in right ovary was found. Surgical treatment was applied--adnexectomy. Histopathologic examination supported suspicion of androblastoma. After treatment regulation of menses and serum testosterone level was obtained.

Study on interaction of proteins isolated from epithelial cervical tissue with glucocorticoid-response element of HPV16.

Genital HPV16 has tropism to cervical epithelial tissue which is highly steroid hormone dependent. Protein/DNA interaction with the fragment of viral DNA containing the glucocorticoid-response element (GRE/PRE) did not indicate the proteins which can bind to the GRE element in normal epithelial cervical tissue. NFI is one of the cellular factors which can participate in the transcription of viral genes in study tissue.

[Frequency of human papillomavirus-herpes simplex-cytomegalovirus and Chlamydia trachomatis infection in genital tracts of sexual partners]. / Czestosc wystepowania infekcji wirusowych brodawczaka ludzkiego, opryszczki plciowej, cytomegalii oraz chlamydia trachomatis w narzadach plciowych partnerów seksualnych.

OBJECTIVES: Much attention is given nowadays to the role of Human Papillomavirus, Herpes simplex virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Chlamydia trachomatis--infections in cervical carcinogenesis. Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex and Chlamydia trachomatis are now thought to be teratogenic to humans. DESIGN: We investigated the prevalence of HPV, HSV, CMV and Chlamydia trachomatis in genital tracts of sexual partners. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 90 sexual partners were qualified for the research. Examination smears were taken with the dacron swab from the vaginal part of the uterine cervix, cervical canal, the lower vagina from women and from fossa navicularis penis in men. In the group of 67 men we have investigated semen as well. HPV, HSV, CMV and Chlamydia trachomatis were identified using PCR (Polymerse Chain Reaction)--method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In 48% of investigated sexual partners we proved the presence of Human Papillomavirus, in 2.2% of women and 2.9% of men--Cytomegalovirus and in 11.1% of women and 14.9% of men--Chlamydia trachomatis. In the investigated biological material we did not find any HSV infection.

[Primary melanoma of the uterine cervix in a 19 year old woman--case report]. / Pierwotny czerniak szyjki macicy u 19 letniej kobiety--opis przypadku.

UNLABELLED: Only 5% of all melanocytic malignancies in women originate in the genitalia, the most unusual of which is melanoma involving the uterine cervix. CASE: a 19 year old woman, presented with abnormal genital bleeding. In our hospital the clinical examination showed an exophytic bleeding tumor growing in the cervix uteri. A first vaginal biopsy showed a sarcoma colli uteri. A new biopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Subsequently a Wertheim-Meigs hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy and removal of upper half of the vagina and regional lymphadenectomy was performed. Next the patient received several courses of chemotherapy (DTIC).

[Markers of proliferation and morpho-immunologic parameters in evaluation of prognostic factors in endometrial tumors]. / Markery proliferacji oraz parametry morfoimmunologiczne w ocenie czynników rokowniczych w rakach blony sluzowej macicy.

There were analysed prognostic factors in endometrial carcinomas. To essential prognostic factors were counted; proportion of cells in S-phase, DNA ploidy, proportion of Ki-67 positive cells and vascular invasion by cancer cells. All above-mentioned factors were not correlated to either the stage or the histopathologic subtype of the cancers. Application of proliferating markers may be useful for selecting a subgroup of patients for adjuvant therapy.

Lymphocyte subpopulations in the blood of women with HPV 16 positive and negative cervical cancer.

In this study the morphologic features and subpopulation of lymphocytes in the blood of women with uterine cervical cancer HPV 16 positive and HPV 16 negative was compared. The essential morphological differentiation in two groups of cancer was not found, but a statistically significant increase in CD 19 lymphocytes in the blood of women with cervical cancer HPV 16 positive was discovered. The authors suggest, that an increase in CD 19 might be connected with stronger expression of virus-oncogenic antigens on the neoplasma cells.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) in upper genital tract carcinomas of women.

Using nucleic acid hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) HPV-DNA sequence was detected in endometrial and ovarian carcinomas. This sequence was amplified with primer specific for E1 region of DNA-HPV 18 and hybridized with DNA-HPV 18. The presence of HPV-DNA in cancer studies suggests that human papillomavirus can also be involved in carcinogenesis of the upper genital tract of women.

[Doppler ultrasonography for detection of pathologic changes in uterine body endometrium]. / Ultrasonografia dopplerowska w wykrywaniu zmian patologicznych blony sluzowej trzonu macicy.

This study was conducted to evaluate the role of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in detecting endometrial pathology in postmenopausal women A group of 140 women with abnormal postmenopausal bleeding was examined by TVS with color Doppler before D & C. Histopathologic and blood flow characteristics were evaluated. Abnormal blood flow characteristics were evaluated. Abnormal blood flow within endometrium was visualized in 78% cases of cancer. RI and PI values were lowered in hyperplasia and significantly in cancer groups. Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography can depict endometrial pathology, even in asymptomatic women.

Human papillomavirus type 16 in ovarian serous surface papilloma.

DNA of HPV 16 was detected in the DNA isolated from the papillary lesion which was found on the right ovary of a pregnant women during cesarean section. The epithelium covering the papilloma stained by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique demonstrated progesterone specific receptors. Therefore, we suggest that the virus and hormone can increase the risk of malignant conversion in study cells.

[Human gonadal hilar cells--histogenesis, differentiation, role]. / Komórki wnekowe gonad ludzkich--pochodzenie, róznicowanie, rola.

Identification hilar cells in fetus and adult gonads two sex and dysgenetic gonads were based on histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The hilar cells were detected in 40% of fetus gonads (ovarian testis), two time more in adult and dysgenetic gonads. The attention was put to their connection with nervous system. On the bases of specific markers there was established their mesenchymal origin, ability to response to gonadotropin induction and synthetization steroid hormones, mainly androgens. Hilar cells in dysgenetic gonads and postmenopausal women may be responsible for clinical manifestation of virilisation.

The value of the presence of HPV16 in pelvic lymph nodes of cervical cancer patients.

There are few publication in the literature on DNA HPV 16 in the lymph nodes of cervical cancer patients. Presence of HPV 16 in the lymph nodes is correlated with metastasis. Our investigation suggests that HPV 16 may be located in the lymph nodes without the presence of cancer cells.

[Uterine papillary serous carcinoma]. / Rak brodawkowaty surowiczy macicy.

Two cases of uterine papillary serous carcinoma are presented. Attention to propensity for deep myometrial invasion, upper abdominal spread and high relapse rate are paid. Patients require combined treatment.

[Diagnosis and treatment outcome in patients with grade Ia neoplasms of the uterine cervix]. / Diagnostyka i wyniki leczenia chorych na raka szyjki macicy w stopniu Ia.

The material collected from 449 women with cervical cancer Ia was carefully studied (359 women with Ia1, and 90 with Ia2). All the methods and results of treatment were presented. 5-years survival after treatment was obtained in 93% of women.

[HPV 16 in lymph nodes of the lesser pelvis in women with cervical cancer]. / HPV 16 w wezlach chlonnych miednicy mniejszej kobiet chorych na raka szyjki macicy.

HPV 16 was detected in cancer tissue, blood and pelvic lymph node of cervical cancer patients. The role of these discovery is discusses.