Sensitization with Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) antigens induce production of specific IgG and IgE in murine model.

Fish consumption plays an important role in human diet. Hoplias malabaricus, commonly known as traíra, is a freshwater fish widely appreciated in several Brazilian states and frequently infected by Eustrongylides sp. fourth-instar larvae (L4). The aim of the present study was to evaluate allergenic potential of Eustrongylides sp. L4 crude extract (CEE). BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally (IP) by 10 µg CEE with 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide on days 0 and 35. Specific IgG and IgE antibody levels were determined after immunization and cellular immunity was evaluated by assessing intradermal reaction in ear pavilion. Epicutaneous sensitization was performed in dorsal region by antigen exposure using a Finn-type chamber containing 50 µg of CEE or saline solution, followed by evaluation of specific antibody levels. IP immunization resulted in a gradual increase in IgG antibody levels and transitory IgE production. Significant increase in ear thickness was observed in cellular hypersensitivity reaction. In case of antigen exposure by epicutaneous route, CEE was able to induce meaningfully increased levels of specific IgG and IgE antibodies as well as heightened cellular immunity. Both intraperitoneal immunization and epicutaneous contact with Eustrongylides sp. larval antigens were observed for first time to be capable of inducing immunological sensitization in mice.

Cestoide trypanorhyncha Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) Pintner, 1931 parasitando Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789 coletados no litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Trypanorhyncha cestode Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) Pintner, 1931 parasitizing Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789 collected off the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

O controle de parasitos faz parte das inspeções oficiais de pescado, pois o consumo de espécimes parasitados pode oferecer risco à saúde humana. A presença de cestoides Trypanorhyncha causa aspecto repugnante que pode condenar o pescado como impróprio para consumo. Além disso, tem sido relacionados com potencial alergênico em modelo murino. Entre março e novembro de 2017 foram adquiridos 42 espécimes de Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789, peixe-porco, nos mercados do município de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Dos 42 peixes analisados, 4 estavam parasitados por plerocercos de Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) Pintner, 1931 com prevalência de 10,5%, intensidade média de infecção de 1 parasito e a abundância média de 0,09. A presença desse cestoide ressalta sua importância higiênico-sanitária em B. capriscus.

Estudo preliminar de Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum (Nematoda, Raphidascarididae) parasitando pargo, Pagrus pagrus, coletados no litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Preliminary study of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum (Nematoda, Raphidascarididae) parasitizing red porgy, Pagrus pagrus, collected in the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

O pargo, Pagrus pagrus, possui carne muito apreciada na culinária brasileira. Peixes marinhos podem albergar larvas de nematoides anisaquídeos, que podem causar anisaquidose no ser humano, se ingerirem peixes crus ou mal cozidos. Entre os meses de fevereiro e julho de 2017, foram coletados 115 peixes em mercados de pescados no Município de Arraial do Cabo, RJ. Os peixes foram necropsiados e 17 estavam parasitados por anisaquídeos. Os sítios de infecção foram intestino, fígado e cavidade abdominal. Os nematoides foram processados seguindo as técnicas helmintológicas e identificados em taxonomicamente como Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. O objetivo foi identificar a nível específico os nematoides coletados das lesões das serosas de P. pagrus e relatar alterações patológicas encontradas.

Tentacularia coryphaenae (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) em Fistularia petimba Lacépède, 1803 coletados Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil e sua importância na inspeção do pescado / Tentacularia coryphaenae (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha), Fistularia petimba Lacépède, 1803 collected off the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and its importance in fish inspection

A presença de helmintos no pescado resulta em perdas econômicas devido a repugnância, além do risco de desenvolver reações alérgicas, reforçando a importância da inspeção higiênico-sanitária, como o caso dos cestoides da ordem Trypanorhyncha. Entre janeiro e setembro de 2018 foram adquiridos 30 espécimes de Fistularia petimba no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Após a necropsia no Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Pescado da Faculdade de Veterinária-UFF, foi verificado a positividade de dois peixes para o cestoide identificado como sendo da espécie Tentacularia coryphaenae, presente na cavidade abdominal e mesentério, apresentando os seguintes índices parasitários: prevalência 6,6%, intensidade média 1; abundância média 0,06.

Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) Pintner, 1931 (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) parasitizing the musculature of Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) (Actinopterygii) off the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Cestodes of the order Trypanorhyncha can frequently be found infecting the muscles of several marine fish species, and lead to a repugnant aspect of the fish and rejection by consumers. The Brazilian sardinella, Sardinella brasiliensis, occurs from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean to northern Uruguay. In southeastern Brazil, fishing for the species is very intensive since it generates significant revenue as one of the most commonly consumed fish and an important element of the canned fish industry. The aims of the present study were to identify and report the occurrence of tiny cestodes (3 mm-6.6 mm) in the musculature of Brazilian sardinella that were purchased in the São Pedro fish market in the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From October 2013 to November 2016, 75 specimens of S. brasiliensis were investigated. The trypanorhynch cestodes encountered were identified as plerocerci of Callitetrarhynchus gracilis using morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Parasitic indices were calculated, and the cestodes infection of the musculature of Brazilian sardinella had the following values: prevalence, 40%; mean intensity, 3.47; mean abundance, 1.39; and range of infection, 1-18, specimens. The presence of this trypanorhynch cestode in the musculature of Brazilian sardinella is an important indicator of fish hygiene.

Anisakid larva parasitizing Plagioscion squamosissimus in Marajó Bay and Tapajós River, state of Pará, Brazil.

In November 2014 and May 2015, a total of 44 specimens of the South American silver croaker Plagioscion squamosissimus were collected: 30 in Marajó Bay and 14 in the Tapajós River, state of Pará, Brazil. The aim was to investigate the presence of anisakid nematodes and determine their parasitism indices and sites of infection, because of their importance regarding health inspection. Sixty-nine Anisakis sp. larvae were found; among them, 16 larvae in seven fish collected in Marajó Bay and 53 larvae in four fish in the Tapajós River. The parasitism indices of the nematodes collected from the fish in Marajó Bay comprised prevalence (P) of 23%, mean infection intensity (MI) of 2.28, mean abundance (MA) of 0.53, range of infection (RI) of 1-4, and infection site (IS) in the mesentery. The fish from the Tapajós River showed P = 28%, MI = 13.2, MA = 3.8, RI = 1-22, and IS = mesentery and intestine. To assist in taxonomic identification, images of the specimens obtained through optical microscopy with Nomarski's interferential contrast system and scanning electron microscopy were used. This is the first record of Anisakis sp. parasitizing P. squamosissimus.

Anisakid larva parasitizing Plagioscion squamosissimus in Marajó Bay and Tapajós River, state of Pará, Brazil / Larva de anisaquídeo parasitando Plagioscion squamosissimus na Baía de Marajó e no Rio Tapajós, estado do Pará, Brasil

Abstract In November 2014 and May 2015, a total of 44 specimens of the South American silver croaker Plagioscion squamosissimus were collected: 30 in Marajó Bay and 14 in the Tapajós River, state of Pará, Brazil. The aim was to investigate the presence of anisakid nematodes and determine their parasitism indices and sites of infection, because of their importance regarding health inspection. Sixty-nine Anisakis sp. larvae were found; among them, 16 larvae in seven fish collected in Marajó Bay and 53 larvae in four fish in the Tapajós River. The parasitism indices of the nematodes collected from the fish in Marajó Bay comprised prevalence (P) of 23%, mean infection intensity (MI) of 2.28, mean abundance (MA) of 0.53, range of infection (RI) of 1-4, and infection site (IS) in the mesentery. The fish from the Tapajós River showed P = 28%, MI = 13.2, MA = 3.8, RI = 1-22, and IS = mesentery and intestine. To assist in taxonomic identification, images of the specimens obtained through optical microscopy with Nomarski's interferential contrast system and scanning electron microscopy were used. This is the first record of Anisakis sp. parasitizing P. squamosissimus.

Resumo Em novembro de 2014 e maio de 2015, foi coletado um total de 44 espécimes de pescada branca, Plagioscion squamosissimus, sendo 30 na Baía de Marajó e 14 no Rio Tapajós, Estado do Pará, Brasil, com o objetivo de pesquisar a presença de nematoides anisaquideos e fornecer os índices parasitários, assim como os sítios de infecção, devido a sua importância na inspeção sanitária. Encontrou-se um total de 69 larvas de Anisakis sp., sendo 16 em 7 peixes coletados da Baía de Marajó e 53 larvas em 4 peixes do Rio Tapajós. Os índices parasitários desses nematoides coletados dos peixes da Baía de Marajó apresentaram prevalência (P) de 23%, intensidade média (IM) de 2,28, abundância média (AM) de 0,53, amplitude de variação da intensidade de infecção (AI) de 1-4 e sítio de infecção (SI) o mesentério; e os do Rio Tapajós P = 28%, IM = 13,2, AM = 3,8, AI = 1-22 e SI = mesentério e intestino. Para auxiliar na identificação taxonômica foram utilizadas imagens obtidas dos espécimes por microscopia ótica com sistema de contraste interferencial de Nomarski e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Esse é o primeiro registro de Anisakis sp. parasitando P. squamosissimus.

Integrative taxonomy of Anisakidae and Raphidascarididae (Nematoda) in Paralichthys patagonicus and Xystreurys rasile (Pisces: Teleostei) from Brazil.

Thirty-six Paralichthys patagonicus and 30 Xystreurys rasile were collected in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to investigate the presence of anisakid and raphidascaridid nematodes. Anisakis typica, Terranova sp., Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum, and Raphidascaris sp. were identified using integrative taxonomy of morphological and genetic data. Morphological and morphometric analysis was conducted using bright field microscopy with scanning electron microscopy for topographic characterization of the cuticular surface. Phylogenetic analysis, using ITS and cox2 molecular targets, clearly demonstrated the species identification of A. typica and H. deardorffoverstreetorum and the high diversity of H. deardorffoverstreetorum. This is the first report of A. typica, H. deardorffoverstreetorum, and Raphidascaris sp. parasitizing P. patagonicus and X. rasile.

Association between immunoreactivity to Anisakis spp. antigens and high-risk pregnancy.

Numerous factors contribute to perinatal risk, many of which remain undefined. This study sought to determine the frequency of fish intake in postpartum women, and to establish a relationship between the rates of immunoreactivity for antigens from Anisakis spp. and high-risk pregnancy. In this prospective noninterventional study, a structured questionnaire was administered and serum was collected from postpartum women at two perinatal centers (a high-risk birth unit [HRBU] and a low-risk birth unit [LRBU]) in the Niteroi municipality of Brazil. Anisakis species-specific IgG and IgE were measured by ELISA. The chisquared test was performed, and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals were estimated. The t-test or Mann-Whitney test was applied to continuous, normally distributed variables. In total, 309 women (170 from HRBU, 139 from LRBU) between 24.8 and 26.7 years old with a median of 6 to 8 prenatal visits were enrolled. Women in the two units exhibited differences in some variables, including prenatal care (p = 0.01), maternal and fetal risk (p = 0.00; OR = 6.17), and gestational age (p = 0.00), but no differences in fish consumption (p = 0.29), frequency of fish intake (p = 0.40), allergic symptoms (p = 0.51), or frequency of anti-Anisakis reactivity (p = 0.22). Logistic regression analysis revealed that only age was independently associated with postpartum anti-Anisakis reactivity. This study confirmed a low prevalence of fish intake and suggested that Anisakis spp. had no impact on high-risk pregnancies among this postpartum study population.

Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa) infection in musculature of Plagioscion squamosissimus (Sciaenidae) in the Amazon region, Brazil / Infecção por Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa) na musculatura de Plagioscion squamosissimus (Sciaenidae) da região amazônica, Brasil

Ninety specimens of Plagioscion squamosissimus captured using fishing tackle in the Outeiro district, state of Pará, were examined. Fish were placed in plastic bags containing water, under conditions of artificial aeration, and transported live to the Carlos Azevedo Research Laboratory (LPCA), in Belém, Pará. They were anesthetized, euthanized and necropsied; small fragments of the epaxial and hypaxial muscles were removed for examination of fresh histological sections by means of optical microscopy. In 100% of the specimens analyzed, parasitic pseudocysts were seen to be interspersed within and between the skeletal muscle. These contained pseudoquadrate and/or star-shaped spores that presented four valves and four polar capsules, which were identified from their morphology as belonging to the genus Kudoa. This is the first report of Kudoa in P. squamosissimus in the Amazon region, Pará, Brazil.

Foram observados 90 exemplares de P. squamosissimus, capturados com apetrechos de pesca no distrito de Outeiro, estado do Pará. Os animais foram acondicionados em sacos plásticos com água do habitat e aeração artificial, transportados vivos até o Laboratório de Pesquisa Carlos Azevedo (LPCA), em Belém-PA. Foram anestesiados, eutanasiados e necropsiados; pequenos fragmentos da musculatura epi e hipoaxial foram retirados para observação, a fresco e para histologia em microscopia de luz (ML). Em 100% dos exemplares analisados, foi observada a presença de pseudocistos parasitários entremeados, dentro e entre as fibras musculares estriadas esqueléticas, onde observou-se a presença de esporos de formato pseudoquadrado e/ou estrelado, com quatro valvas e quatro cápsulas polares, sendo identificados pela sua morfologia como pertencentes ao gênero Kudoa. Este é o primeiro relato de Kudoa em P. squamosissimus na Amazônia, Pará, Brasil.

Gobioides broussonnetii (Gobiidae): a new host for Pterobothrium crassicolle (Trypanorhyncha) on Marajó Island, northern Brazil.

In the present study, the cestoid Pterobothrium crassicolle Diesing, 1850 (Trypanorhyncha), was observed parasitizing specimens of the violet goby (Gobioides broussonnetii Lacepède, 1800) collected from the estuary of the Paracauarí River on Marajó Island in the north of the Brazilian state of Pará, between January 2009 and December 2010. Tissue samples were analyzed, which led to identification of blastocysts containing plerocercoid larvae. These larvae were processed for scanning electron microscopy. Sixty G. broussonnetii specimens were dissected, and P. crassicolle was found in 48 (80%) of them. The violet goby, G. broussonnetii, is a new host for P. crassicolle.

Gobioides broussonnetii (Gobiidae): a new host for Pterobothrium crassicolle (Trypanorhyncha) on Marajó island, northern Brazil / Gobioides broussonnetii (Gobiidae): um novo hospedeiro para Pterobothrium crassicolle (Trypanorhyncha) na Ilha do Marajó, Brasil

In the present study, the cestoid Pterobothrium crassicolle Diesing, 1850 (Trypanorhyncha), was observed parasitizing specimens of the violet goby (Gobioides broussonnetii Lacepède, 1800) collected from the estuary of the Paracauarí River on Marajó Island in the north of the Brazilian state of Pará, between January 2009 and December 2010. Tissue samples were analyzed, which led to identification of blastocysts containing plerocercoid larvae. These larvae were processed for scanning electron microscopy. Sixty G. broussonnetii specimens were dissected, and P. crassicolle was found in 48 (80%) of them. The violet goby, G. broussonnetii, is a new host for P. crassicolle.

No presente estudo, o cestóide Pterobothrium crassicolle Diesing, 1850 (Trypanorhyncha) é descrito parasitando espécimes do Peixe-dragão (Gobioides broussonnetii Lacepède, 1800), coletados no estuário do rio Paracauari na Ilha de Marajó no Norte do Estado do Pará, entre janeiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2010. Amostras de tecidos foram analisadas e blastocistos contendo larvas plerocercóides foram identificados. Estas larvas foram processadas para microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Sessenta espécimes de G. broussonnetii foram analisados, e P. crassicolle foi encontrado em 48 indivíduos (80%). Este é o primeiro registro de P. crassicolle parasitando o Peixe-dragão, G. broussonnetii.

Cross-sectional study of serum reactivity to Anisakis simplex in healthy adults in Niterói, Brazil.

Although the incidence of anisakiasis is rising worldwide, its frequency is still unknown in Brazil. The aim of this study was to verify immunoreactivity to Anisakis simplex antigens in healthy adults and determine its possible relationship with frequency of fish consumption and allergy symptoms. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out with 67 volunteers recruited from a military facility in Niterói, Brazil. The subjects completed a structured questionnaire and serum titers of specific anti-Anisakis IgE and IgG antibodies were measured. The association between frequency of fish intake and IgE reactivity was evaluated by Fisher's exact test. Almost all subjects (97.0%, 65/67) that consumed seafood; 64.6% (42/65) ate fish at least once weekly. Of all seafood consumers, 56.9% (37/65) reported allergy symptoms, being gut allergies most often cited (35.5%). IgE seroreactivity to Anisakis simplex was found in 20.9% of subjects (14/67), with 13.4% (9/67) reacting exclusively to somatic antigen, 3.0% (2/67) exclusively to excretory/secretory antigens and 4.5% (3/67) to both antigens. There was a significant association between frequency of fish consumption and positive serology (p = 0.019). An immunoblot assay for Anisakis antigens showed different positive bands for IgG. The direct relationship between ELISA reactivity and frequency of fish intake and absence of association with allergy symptoms suggests previous contact with Anisakis simplex antigens.

Ultrastructural description of Ceratomyxa microlepis sp. nov. (phylum Myxozoa): a parasite infecting the gall bladder of Hemiodus microlepis, a freshwater teleost from the Amazon River.

A new ceratomyxid parasite was examined for taxonomic identification, upon being found infecting the gall bladder of Hemiodus microlepis (Teleostei: Hemiodontidae), a freshwater teleost collected from the Amazon River, Brazil. Light and transmission electron microscopy revealed elongated crescent-shaped spores constituted by two asymmetrical shell valves united along a straight sutural line, each possessing a lateral projection. The spores body measured 5.2 ± 0.4 µm (n = 25) in length and 35.5 ± 0.9 µm (n = 25) in total thickness. The lateral projections were asymmetric, one measuring 18.1 ± 0.5 µm (n = 25) in thickness and the other measuring 17.5 ± 0.5 µm (n = 25) in thickness. Two equal-sized subspherical polar capsules measuring 2.2 ± 0.3 µm in diameter were located at the same level, each possessing a polar filament with 5-6 coils. The sporoplasm was binucleate. Considering the morphometric data analyzed from the microscopic observations, as well as the host species and its geographical location, this paper describes a new myxosporean species, herein named Ceratomyxa microlepis sp. nov.; therefore representing the first description of a freshwater ceratomyxid from the South American region.

Anisakidae nematodes in the blackfin goosefish, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 purchased in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Nematoides Anisakidae no peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 comercializado no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The blackfin goosefish is included in a prized fish category, representing valuable fishery resource worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify the Anisakidae larvae parasitizing this fish species, considering the hygienic-sanitary and public health importance of these parasites infecting specimens of the blackfin goosefish, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 (Lophiidae), purchased from markets in the municipalities of Cabo Frio, Niterói, Duque de Caxias and Rio de Janeiro; parasitological indices and sites of infection are presented. From March 2000 to December 2005, 87 specimens of Lophius gastrophysus were investigated for helminths. Seventeen fish (19.5%) were parasitized with larvae of anisakid nematodes. Anisakis simplex , Hysterothylacium sp. and Raphidascaris sp. appeared with prevalence of 1.14, 12.6 and 12.6%, intensity and mean intensity of infection of 1, 2.81, 10.5 and mean abundance of 0.01, 0.35 and 1.33 respectively. The sites of infection were stomach, stomach and intestine serosas and abdominal cavity. This is the first record of Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. and Raphidascaris sp. for this species of fish.

Nematoides Anisakidae no peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 comercializados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O peixe sapo-pescador é muito apreciado e representa um valioso recurso pesqueiro em nível mundial. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de identificar larvas de Anisakidae pela sua importância higiênico-sanitária e na saúde pública, cujos parasitos infectam espécimes do peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 (Lophiidae), obtidos em mercados dos municípios de Cabo Frio, Niterói, Duque de Caxias e Rio de Janeiro; são apresentados os índices parasitológicos e sítios de infecção dos helmintos encontrados. Foram investigados 87 espécimes de Lophius gastrophysus no período de março de 2000 a dezembro de 2005. Desses, 17 (19,5%) estavam parasitados por larvas de anisaquídeos. Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. e Raphidascaris sp. apareceram com prevalências de 1,14, 12,6 e 12,6%, intensidade e intensidade média de infecção de 1, 2,81 e 10,5, abundância média de 0,01, 0,35 e 1,33 respectivamente. Os sítios de infecção foram o estômago, serosas do estômago e intestino e cavidade abdominal. Este é o primeiro registro de Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium sp. e Raphidascaris sp. nesta espécie de peixe.

Calyptospora sp. in Brachyplatystoma vaillantii trapped at the Vigia, State of Pará, Brazil.

The article describes the first occurrence of hepatic coccidiosis in catfish of the species Brachyplatystoma vaillantii, captured in the coastal region of the Vigia city, state of Pará, Brazil, caused by species of the genus Calyptospora, family Calyptosporidae. Thirty specimens of piramutabas were examined where 60% were infected with liver location, featuring numerous mature and immature oocysts, grouped or isolated, with four sporocysts in pyriform shape. They were described on their morphology and dimensions of the oocysts and sporocysts, obtained from light microscopy and differential interference contrast.

Myxobolus myleus n. sp. infecting the bile of the Amazonian freshwater fish Myleus rubripinnis (Teleostei: Serrasalmidae): morphology and pathology.

Myxobolus myleus n. sp. is described from the gall-bladder of the freshwater fish Myleus rubripinnis collected near the city of Oriximiná in the Amazon System, Brazil. The spores obtained from the bile contained two equal symmetrical and smooth valves, each forming the spore wall. The spores were large, with a cone-like form, a semi spherical basal contour and measured (in µm) 19.3 ± 0.5 (n = 25) × 8.3 ± 0.5 (n = 25) × 4.0 ± 0.3 (n = 15). The apical end of the spores contained two elongate, equal and pointed conical polar capsules measuring 13.2 ± 0.4 µm (n = 25) in length and 3.0 ± 0.3 µm (n = 15) in width, each having a slightly tapering polar filament with 19 to 21 turns. The polar capsules were extended below at about 4/5 of the total length of the spores. The sporoplasm was binucleate and contained some sporoplasmosomes. All infected fish presented hypertrophy of the gall-bladder due to presence of the brownish parasite floating in the bile. In this paper we describe this new species of myxosporean based on light and ultrastructural observations, together with its associated pathology.

Aspectos parasitológicos do pescado comercializado na costa da Mata Atlântica / Parasitological aspects of the fish commercialized on Costa da Mata Atlantica

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de nematóides da família Anisakidae e trematódeos da espécie Ascocotyle (Phagicola) longa em pescado marinho comercializado na costa da Mata Atlântica. Foram examinadas 257 amostras de peixes colhidas pelos Serviços de Inspeção Federal, Estadual e Municipal em oito municípios, oriundas de toda cadeia produtiva, desde as unidades de captura até os pontos de comercialização. As análises parasitológicas foram conduzidas no Instituto de Pesca de Santos (URLTP), constituídas de peixes refrigerados inteiros, eviscerados, em postas ou filés. O pescado foi considerado infectado quando apresentava ao menos a presença de uma larva na cavidade abdominal e/ou no tecido muscular, após análise macroscópica e em mesa de inspeção (candling-table). Do total de 257 amostras de peixes, 63 estavam parasitadas por nematóides anisaquídeos e trematódeos digenéticos, representando 25,29% da amostragem. Este trabalho permitiu concluir que o consumidor pode infectar-se por esses parasitos ao se alimentar de produtos elaborados com carne de pescado crua, insuficientemente cozida ou defumada a frio.

Trypanorhyncha cestodes of hygienic-sanitary importance infecting flounders Paralichthys patagonicus Jordan, 1889 and Xystreurys rasile (Jordan, 1891) of the Neotropical region, Brazil.

From February 2007 to July 2010, 27 specimens of Paralichthys patagonicus, and from September to December 2010, 30 specimens of Xystreurys rasile were purchased from fish markets in the municipalities of Cabo Frio and Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The fishes were measured, necropsied, filleted, and further had their organs investigated. In P. patagonicus, 19 (70, 3 %) were parasitized with metacestodes of Trypanorhyncha species: Nybelinia erythraea, N. lingualis, Heteronybelinia nipponica, Pterobothrium crassicolle, Grillotia carvajalregorum, and Callitetrahynchus gracilis. In X. rasile, 17 (56, 6 %) were parasitized with metacestodes: N. erythraea, N. lingualis, H. nipponica, and G. carvajalregorum. The parasitological indices of prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, abundance, mean abundance, range of infection, and infection sites of each parasite species are presented. This is the first report of Trypanorhyncha cestodes parasitizing specimens of P. patagonicus and X. rasile. These cestodes were studied due to their importance during fish sanitary inspection, if one considers the harm that the repulsive aspect of infected meat causes to consumers.