[Changes of soft tissue profile of maxillary edentulous patients with immediate denture].

PURPOSE: To compare the changes of soft tissue profile of maxillary edentulous patients before and immediately after implant restoration, as well as to investigate patient satisfaction with postoperative facial appearance. METHODS: A total of 24 patients treated in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected, the medical history and positive lateral cephalometric film of the patients before and after restoration were collected. Preoperative facial scanning of the patients was performed using the portable 3D facial scanner to design the immediate transitional denture restoration and then perform implant surgery. The collected lateral cephalograms of patients before and after treatment were imported into the computer. The angle measurement items before and after implant immediate denture restoration were analyzed including nasolabial angle, prn'-sn'-ul'(Ls), n'-prn'-sn', N-prn-Pog, Z angle, H angle and line measurements including the distance of upper lip to the E-plane and Sn-Prn. The soft tissue angle and lines were measured by Dolphin Imaging 11.95. Postoperative patient satisfaction with facial appearance was surveyed via telephone questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Before restoration of immediate denture, the nasolabial angle and the distance of upper lip to the E-plane of both male and female patients was significantly different from the standard value, and the Z angle of female patients was significantly different from the standard value. After immediate denture restoration, there was no significant difference in nasolabial angle and the distance of upper lip to the E-plane between male and female patients, but there was significant difference in H angle, and nasal tip angle in female patients. After immediate denture restoration, there was no significant difference between the nasolabial angle, H angle and the distance of upper lip to the E-plane in male and female patients after immediate denture restoration, while the soft tissue convexity and Z angle between male and female patients after immediate denture restoration were significantly different compared with the standard value of the attractive individuals. After completion of immediate denture restoration, compared to the edentulous state in maxillary implant treatment, significant changes were observed in nasolabial angle, Z angle, and H angle in patients. The survey of seven questions had a mean score above 3 points (scoring standard 1-5, with 5 being the highest), indicating high patient satisfaction with the appearance after immediate denture restoration. CONCLUSIONS: After immediate denture restoration, the profile of the patient's soft tissue can be improved immediately, and the patient's soft tissue profile can basically return to the normal level, and even meet the standards of beautiful people. It is necessary to guide clinicians to further optimize the function and shape of prostheses in combination with patients' subjective aesthetic demands and individual conditions when conducting implant immediate transition denture restoration.

[Facial soft tissue changes after full-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses restoration in patients with edentulous maxilla].

PURPOSE: To investigate the changes of nasolabial soft tissues before and after full-arch implant supported fixed restoration in maxillary edentulous patients and the influencing factors of the changes. METHODS: Fifty patients who underwent full-arch implant fixed restoration in the Department of Second Dental Center of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2016 to July 2023 were selected. Patient's medical history, CBCT, and three-dimensional facial scan data were collected before and after restoration. Paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare the changes in soft tissues before and after restoration. The correlation between changes and patient's basic information, implant protocol and residual bone parameters were analyzed using bivariate correlation analysis. Akaike information criterion was used to select the multivariate linear regression model of each soft tissue index change. RESULTS: After implant fixed restoration, the upper lip height (sn-sto), the upper vermillion height (ls-sto), and the upper vermilion area (UVA) significantly increased (P＜0.01), while the distance from ls to the E-line (ls-E) significantly decreased (P＜0.01), the nasolabial angle (∠cm-sn-ls) significantly decreased (P＜0.01), and the cutaneous upper lip height(sn-ls) did not change significantly(P＞0.05). Except for sn-sto and sn-ls, the remaining soft tissue changes were positively correlated with age (P＜0.01). Other residual bone parameters, implant protocol, and gender were not significantly related to each soft tissue change. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that each soft tissue change was broadly related to age and preoperative soft tissue condition, and partially related to bone morphology. CONCLUSIONS: The nasolabial soft tissues of maxillary edentulous patients change significantly after implant fixed restoration, mainly the expansion and protrusion of the red part of the lip. The changes in facial soft tissues are primarily related to the patient's age and pre-existing soft tissue condition, with older patients and those with more atrophic original soft tissue morphology observing more apparent improvements in fullness. The change in lip prominence is also related to the residual bone shape.

[Relationship between sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α levels in gingival sulcus fluid and peri-implantitis in patients with implant restoration].

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in gingival sulcus fluid and peri-implantitis (PI) in patients with implant restoration. METHODS: A total of 198 patients with implant restoration admitted to Fengcheng Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected, the patients were divided into PI and non-PI group according to whether the implant restoration was complicated by PI 3 months after restoration. The levels of sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α in the gingival sulcus fluid prior to implant restoration were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multi-factor logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing concurrent PI in patients with implant restoration. ROC curves were used to analyze the predictive value of sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α levels in gingival sulcus fluid on concurrent PI in patients with implant restoration. SPSS 28.0 software package was used for statistical processing of the data. RESULTS: The incidence of PI in 198 patients with implant restoration was 17.68% (35/198) 3 months after implant restoration. The levels of sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α in the gingival sulcus fluid were significantly higher in the PI group than in the non-PI group (P＜0.05). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that elevated sICAM-1(OR=1.135, 95%CI: 1.066-1.208), IL-1ß (OR=1.106, 95%CI: 1.054-1.161) and HIF-1α (OR=1.008, 95%CI: 1.004-1.012) were independent risk factors for complications of PI in prosthetic patients(P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α levels in gingival sulcus fluid alone and in combination for the diagnosis of concurrent PI in patients with implantation was 0.787, 0.785, 0.794 and 0.930, respectively, with sensitivity of 80.00%, 74.29%, 62.86% and 88.57% and specificity of 66.87%, 74.85%, 78.53% and 85.28%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of sICAM-1, IL-1ß and HIF-1α in gingival sulcus fluid are independent risk factors for PI complications in patients with implant restoration and can be used as an auxiliary predictor of PI complications in patients with implant restoration.

[Study on the effect of alginate impression spray disinfection process on model accuracy].

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of a new cleaning and disinfection process of oral impressions on the accuracy of alginate dental impression. METHODS: Sixteen young volunteers were selected to make alginate oral impression (2 times for each upper and lower jaw) and oral scandata acquisition (1 time for each upper and lower jaw) to obtain STL data. The 2 pairs of alginate impressions of each subject were numbered group 1, group 2, inwhich group 1 was not sterilized and the oral impression film in group 2 was treated with the method and steps of new oral impression cleaning and disinfection. All the oral impressions of the subjects were perfused with plaster models in the same standard way and demoulded. The obtained plaster models were examined and scanned after appropriate trimming and grinding. The plaster model data obtained from each group of each patient after warehouse scanning were compared with the orally scanned model data for alignment analysis, and root mean square(RMS) was used as a parameter to evaluate the deviation between the test model and the standard model. The chromatograms of the deviations were saved for visualization and analysis to observe the differences in model accuracy from several dimensions. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23.0 software package. RESULTS: The differences in RMS of model accuracy of maxillary dental series of alginate impressions were statistically significant, in which the RMS of the group disinfecting the maxillary oral impression film with a new oral impression cleaning and disinfection process was significantly higher than that of the nonsterilized group (P=0.006), while the difference between model accuracy RMS of the mandibular disinfection group and non-disinfection group was not statistically significant(P=0.874). CONCLUSIONS: The new technical specifications for cleaning and disinfection of dental impressions recommended by the Chinese Stomatological Association have certain effects on the accuracy of dental impressions made of alginate material,and the details in its process should be further improved.

[A comparative study of silicon rubber impression and intraoral scanning impression in oral clinical teaching].

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess and compare patient satisfaction and time required between silicon rubber impression and intraoral scanning impression. METHODS: Six undergraduates participated in this study. silicon rubber impression and intraoral scanning impression were taken, the time required to obtain the impressions and the scores of visual analog scale(VAS) were recorded. SPSS 23.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The time and patients satisfaction of silicon rubber impression were better than intraoral scanning impressions, and there were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Using silicon rubber impression, the patient experience is better. To use intraoral scanning impression technology, dentists should be more skilled. With the role-playing method,dental interns can learn the operation key points and precautions of different impression-taking methods even better.

Clinical Significance of Myeloid Zinc Finger 1 Expression in the Progression of Gastric Tumourigenesis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the clinical significance of myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) expression in various gastric mucosal lesions including chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia (DYS) and gastric cancer (GC) in comparison with normal tissues and gastric cell lines. METHODS: MZF1 protein expression was detected using immunohistochemical staining in 37 CSG, 88 CAG, 77 IM, 51 DYS, 165 GC and 8 normal tissue samples. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect the level of MZF1 in gastric cell lines, 15 normal tissues and 34 GC samples, as well as 2 groups of paired primary GC and adjacent normal samples. RESULTS: Reduced MZF1 expression was detected in most GC cells and tissues. Among the gastric tissues consisting of various stages of lesions (normal, CSG, CAG, IM, DYS and GC), MZF1 protein expression was downregulated in precancerous lesions and GC. The data from clinical analyses showed that decreased MZF1 expression was correlated with tumour invasion (p = 0.044), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.048) and poor prognosis of GC patients (p = 0.003). Moreover, MZF1 was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker for GC patients in multivariate Cox regression analysis (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Downregulation of MZF1 was associated with gastric tumourigenesis, which may be a novel early predictive and prognostic biomarker in GC patients.

STAT3 signaling drives EZH2 transcriptional activation and mediates poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: STAT3 signaling plays the pivotal role in tumorigenesis through EZH2 epigenetic modification, which enhanced STAT3 activity by increased tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3. Here, another possible feedback mechanism and clinical significance of EZH2 and STAT3 were investigated in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: STAT3, p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) and EZH2 expression were examined in 63 GC specimens with matched normal tissues by IHC staining. EZH2 and STAT3 were also identified in five GC cell lines using RT-PCR and western blot analyses. p-STAT3 protein was detected by western blotting. In order to investigate whether EZH2 expression was directly regulated by STAT3, EZH2 expression was further detected using siRNA for STAT3 or IL-6 stimulation, with dual luciferase reporter analyses, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. The clinical significance of STAT3, p-STAT3 and EZH2 expression was evaluated by multi-factor COX regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. RESULTS: Hyper-activation of STAT3, p-STAT3 and EZH2 expression were observed in GC cells and tissues. STAT3 signaling was correlated with EZH2 expression in GC (R = 0.373, P = 0.003), which was consistent with our data showing that STAT3 as the transcriptional factor enhanced EZH2 transcriptional activity by binding the relative promoter region (-214 ~ -206). STAT3 was an independent signature for poor survival (P = 0.002). Patients with STAT3+/EZH2+ or p-STAT3+/EZH2+ had a worse outcome than others (P < 0.001); Besides, high levels of STAT3 and EZH2 was associated with advanced TNM staging (P = 0.017). Moreover, treatment with a combination of siSTAT3 and EZH2-specific inhibitor, 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNEP), increased the apoptotic ratio of cells. It is benefit for targeting STAT3-EZH2 interplay in GC treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that STAT3 status mediated EZH2 upregulation, associated with advanced TNM stage and poor prognosis, suggesting that combination with knockdown of STAT3 and EZH2 inhibitor might be a novel therapy in GC treatment. Collectively, STAT3, p-STAT3 and EZH2 expression were provided for the precision medicine in GC patients.

[GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism confer susceptibility to oral cancer:a meta-analysis].

PURPOSE: This meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) Ile105Val genetic polymorphism with susceptibility to oral cancer. METHODS: A literature search of PubMed, Chinese BioMedical, Wanfang, VIP, CNKI databases was conducted from inception to July 15th, 2013. Crude odd ration (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. RESULTS: Thirteen case-control studies were assessed, including 2,019 oral cancer patients and 3,282 healthy controls. Meta-analysis showed that the overall association between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism and susceptibility to oral cancer was not significant. However, further stratified analyses based on ethnicity indicated that this association was significant in East Asians (Val vs. Ile: OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.06-1.90, P=0.019; Val/Val+Ile/Val vs. Ile/Ile: OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.13-2.23, P=0.007) and Euro Caucasians (Val vs. Ile: OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.03-1.75, P=0.032; Val/Val+Ile/Val vs. Ile/Ile: OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.15-2.38, P=0.006), but not significant in South Asians and America Caucasians. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides further evidence that GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism may be associated with oral cancer risk among East Asians and Euro Caucasians. However, further large-scale studies are needed to determine the association of GSTP1 Ile105Val genetic polymorphism with susceptibility to oral cancer.