The "Okusuri Charm" movement in Japan: Prescription drug accessories emerging on X (Twitter).

Background: In this digital age, social networks may offer an avenue for individuals to obtain drugs illicitly beyond the prescribed amount. Users on X (Twitter)® have ingeniously fabricated fashionable accessories that employ prescription drug sheets, termed "Okusuri Charm". Methods: This cross-sectional study scrutinized the emerging "Okusuri Charm" trend, by searching the term in Japanese on X (Twitter)® and analyzing related posts. Results: Alongside illegal prescription drug trading, individuals crafted accessories from drug sheets, particularly prescribed psychiatric drugs, and dealt with other users, leading to a growing trend this year. Conclusions: A positive outlook toward this trend is the emergence of a new artistic movement, but a pessimistic viewpoint is the creators' misuse of prescription drugs, potentially fostering illegal drug dealings.

Cross-sectional, commercial testing, and chromatographic study of the occurrence of antibiotic residues throughout an artisanal raw milk cheese production chain.

This study investigated antibiotic utilization in artisanal dairies and residue occurrence throughout the raw milk cheese production chain using commercial testing (Charm KIS and Eclipse Farm3G) and UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS and LC-QqQ-MS/MS. The cross-sectional survey results revealed gaps in the producers' knowledge of antibiotic use. Commercial testing detected antibiotic levels close to the LOD in 12.5 % of the samples, mainly in raw milk and whey, with 10.0 % testing positive, specifically in fresh and ripened cheeses, indicating that antibiotics are concentrated during cheese-making. Chromatographically, several antibiotics were identified in the faeces of healthy animals, with chlortetracycline (15.7 ± 34.5 µg/kg) and sulfamethazine (7.69 ± 16.5 µg/kg) predominating. However, only tylosin was identified in raw milk (3.28 ± 7.44 µg/kg) and whey (2.91 ± 6.55 µg/kg), and none were found in fresh or ripened cheeses. The discrepancy between commercial and analytical approaches is attributed to compounds or metabolites not covered chromatographically.

Screening for antimicrobial residues in poultry eggs in Bangladesh using Charm II radio-receptor assay technique following validation.

The aim of the study was to screen for the presence of antimicrobial residues in poultry eggs from Bangladesh using the Charm II radio-receptor assay in the absence of expensive confirmatory instrumentation. This was based on cut-off values as set in the validation guidelines according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/808. Fortified eggs spiked with fixed concentrations of doxycycline, erythromycin A, sulphamethazine, and benzylpenicillin were used to determine the cut-off values and detection capabilities (CCß). Other validation parameters included were applicability, ruggedness, and robustness. A total of 201 egg mix samples from native organic chicken, duck, and commercial farm-raised laying hens (both brown and white eggs) were tested and after analysis 13%, 10%, and 4.5% of the egg mix samples showed positive signals for sulphonamides, macrolides/lincosamides, and tetracyclines, respectively. Presence of multiple drug residues were also suspected in 11 out of 201 egg mix samples.

Revealing the nature of hidden charm pentaquarks with machine learning.

We study the nature of the hidden charm pentaquarks, i.e., the Pc4312,Pc4440 and Pc(4457), with a neural network approach in pionless effective field theory. In this framework, the normal χ2 fitting approach cannot distinguish the quantum numbers of the Pc(4440) and Pc(4457). In contrast to that, the neural network-based approach can discriminate them, which still cannot be seen as a proof of the spin of the states since pion exchange is not considered in the approach. In addition, we also illustrate the role of each experimental data bin of the invariant J/ψp mass distribution on the underlying physics in both neural network and fitting methods. Their similarities and differences demonstrate that neural network methods can use data information more effectively and directly. This study provides more insights about how the neural network-based approach predicts the nature of exotic states from the mass spectrum.

Secondary Validation of a Liquid Scintillation Counter-method for Residues of Tetracyclines, Beta-lactams, and Sulfonamides in Seafood/Aquaculture Products.

This study was carried out to validate the liquid scintillation counter method (Charm II) for the detection of tetracyclines, beta-lactams, and sulfonamides (Sulfa drugs) in a range of Aquaculture Products. This method of validation followed primary validation performed in Belgium and was therefore transferred to Nigeria but further validation was required, and this was performed according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Method performance was based on the detection capability (CCß), specificity (cross-reactivity), robustness, repeatability, and reproducibility for the detection of antimicrobial residues. Seafood and aquaculture samples used for the validation process included tilapia (Oreochromis niloctus), catfish (Siluriformes), African threadfin (Galeoides decadactylus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and shrimps (penaeidae). These were spiked with varying concentrations of tetracyclines, beta-lactams, and sulfonamides standards to determine the validation parameters. Results of the validation showed tetracyclines had detection capabilities of 50 µg/kg, while beta-lactams and sulphonamides had detection capabilities of 25 µg/kg. The relative standard deviation for both repeatability and reproducibility studies ranged between 1.36% and 10.50%. Results of this study are suitable and comparable to the initial validation reports from the primary validation ofCharm II tests forthedetection ofantimicrobial residues inarange ofaquaculture fish conducted in Belgium. The results also prove the specificity, ruggedness, and reliability of the radio receptor assay tests for detection of the various antimicrobials in aquaculture products. This could be used in seafood/aquaculture products monitoring in Nigeria.

Postpasteurization Testing of Human Milk Sterility at Human Milk Banks in Resource-Limited Settings: An Alternative to Standard Microbiological Quality Testing.

Introduction: Pasteurized donor human milk provides nutrition and bioactive factors for infant growth and health when a mother's own milk is not available. Bacteriological testing is recommended for each pasteurized batch of donor milk before distribution to ensure that the milk is safe for use. Charm Peel Plates (CPPs) are a simplified, easy-to-use culture method for detecting microorganisms in milk and milk products. This study investigates the feasibility of using CPPs as an alternative test for current standard postpasteurization screening by human milk banks (HMBs), particularly those in resource-limited settings. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the CPP versus the 5% horse blood agar (HBA) plate (standard South African National Health Laboratory Service method) for detecting bacterial growth in pasteurized human milk samples. Methods: For each of the 50 pasteurized donor milk samples, 100-µL aliquots were cultured on routine HBA and 1 mL on CPPs for the total bacterial colony count. Any positive growth was identified using VITEK® 2 (bioMérieux). To demonstrate the ability of CPPs to support bacterial growth, four spiked samples were tested. Results: Concurrent negative test results were reported for 49/50 (98%) samples with only one positive test with HBA. Conclusions and Recommendations: The CPP is equivalent to HBA for detection of bacterial growth. Additional advantages of CPPs are ease of use and cost-effectiveness. The CPP is therefore recommended as a point-of-care, bacteriological screening method for donor human milk by HMBs, particularly those in resource-limited settings.

Neural perspectives on morality due to beguiling mechanisms.

We consider deception an example of behavior that challenges traditional explanations of moral behavior. Beguiling mechanisms, by which we mean deceptiveness with charming seduction for diversion, subtly influence moral sensitivity and judgment in moral dilemma situations. The duality of beguiling mechanisms is important to grasp, including how they relate to the ambiguity of situations. Further, we view moral behavior as quasi-adaptive, affectively based, and reliant on the processes of social cognition, arising out of a set of domain-general primitive predispositions that aggregate to produce moral "mindsets" and increasingly complex moral actions. Building on recent theoretical developments, contend that morality involves a complex heterarchical-hierarchical neurological architecture, where activity is dynamically and contextually dependent, as well as dependent on evolved brain structures and early life year socialization. We contribute to conceptualizing moral behavior from an integrated modern neural perspective. This provides a balance between moral decisions as situational, emotional, and genetically completed non-conscious processes, and the more traditional view of conscious reasoning. Beguiling mechanisms illustrate an integrative model of morality, consistent with emerging insights from affective and cognitive neuroscience.

Measurement of the lifetimes of promptly produced Ωc0 and Ξc0 baryons.

A measurement of the lifetimes of the Ωc0 and Ξc0 baryons is reported using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4fb-1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The Ωc0 and Ξc0 baryons are produced directly from proton interactions and reconstructed in the pK-K-π+ final state. The Ωc0 lifetime is measured to be 276.5±13.4±4.4±0.7fs, and the Ξc0 lifetime is measured to be 148.0±2.3±2.2±0.2fs, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third due to the uncertainty on the D0 lifetime. These results confirm previous LHCb measurements based on semileptonic beauty-hadron decays, which disagree with earlier results of a four times shorter Ωc0 lifetime, and provide the single most precise measurement of the Ωc0 lifetime.

Abridged validation of charm II screening tests for the detection of veterinary drug residues in fish farmed in Cameroon.

The intensification of aquaculture in Cameroon requires efficient screening methods to control veterinary drug residues in fish. This is why the charm II radio receptor technique for the detection of antimicrobial residues in aquaculture fish initiated in Belgium was transferred to Cameroon according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The validation parameters included the following tests: repeatability, reproducibility and robustness in addition to the mandatory characteristics, detection capability and specificity. Selected veterinary drug-free fish samples of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), catfish (Clarias gariepinus), carp (Cyprinus Carpio) and kanga (Heterotis niloticus) were spiked at different target concentrations with different antimicrobials (ß-lactams, tetracycline, sulfonamides, macrolides and chloramphenicol). The detection capabilities (CCß) were at MRPL (0.3 µg/kg for chloramphenicol), or below the regulatory limits in a range of 0.25-0.5 MRL with 0% false-negative results. ß-lactams (penicillin G), tetracyclines (tetracycline, chloretetracycline and oxytetracycline) and macrolides (erythromycine A) were detected at half MRL (25, 50 and 100 µg/kg respectively), while sulfonamides (sulfamethazine) was detected at 25 µg/kg (0.25 MRL). The detection capabilities (CCß) obtained were satisfactory as the cut-off factors (Fm) were less than the mean values of blank fish readings (B) (Fm < B). Furthermore, the method was applicable since the cut-off factor was less than the positivity threshold (Fm < T). The variability of the data under repeatability and reproducibility conditions was acceptable, with a relative standard deviation less than 15%. Results were unaffected by delaying the reading time from 0 h to 24 h after the addition of scintillation fluid, with a precision below 16%. Likewise, non-target drugs were not detected even at high concentrations (100 MRL) in a cross-reactivity study. From the overall results, the performance characteristics (detection capabilities, precision, robustness and specificity) were suitable and comparable to the initial validation results, indicating that the transfer to Cameroon laboratory was valid, the method was reliable and could be used in aquaculture fish quality monitoring programs in Cameroon.

Pharmacogenomic study of heart failure and candesartan response from the CHARM programme.

AIMS: The Candesartan in Heart failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme consisted of three parallel, randomized, double-blind clinical trials comparing candesartan with placebo in patients with heart failure (HF) categorized according to left ventricular ejection fraction and tolerability to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. We conducted a pharmacogenomic study of the CHARM trials with the objective of identifying genetic predictors of HF progression and of the efficacy and safety of treatment with candesartan. METHODS: We performed genome-wide association studies in 2727 patients of European ancestry from CHARM-Overall and stratified by CHARM study according to preserved and reduced ejection fraction and according to assignment to the interventional treatment with candesartan. We tested genetic association with the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure for drug efficacy in candesartan-treated patients and for HF progression using patients from both candesartan and placebo arms. The safety endpoints for response to candesartan were hyperkalaemia, renal dysfunction, hypotension, and change in systolic blood pressure between baseline and 6 weeks of treatment. To support our observations, we conducted a genome-wide gene-level collapsing analysis from whole-exome sequencing data with the composite cardiovascular endpoint. RESULTS: We found that the A allele (14% allele frequency) of the genetic variant rs66886237 at 8p21.3 near the gene GFRA2 was associated with the composite cardiovascular endpoint in 1029 HF patients with preserved ejection fraction from the CHARM-Preserved study (hazard ratio: 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.55-2.35; P = 1.7 × 10-9 ). The association was independent of candesartan treatment, and the genetic variant was not associated with the cardiovascular endpoint in patients with reduced ejection fraction. None of the genome-wide association studies for candesartan safety or efficacy conducted in patients treated with candesartan passed the significance threshold. We found no significant association from the gene-level collapsing analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified a candidate genetic variant potentially predictive of the progression of heart failure in patients with preserved ejection fraction. The findings require further replication, and we cannot exclude the possibility that the results may be chance findings.

Interpersonal and Affective Facets and Items of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) in Predicting Child Sex Offending.

Psychopathy of child sex offenders in non-Western and Asian population is not frequently reported. The study examined psychopathic traits assessed by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) in three groups of male offenders, child sex offender, adult sex offender, and nonsex offender groups. Out of 451 offenders included in the sample, 445 recidivated after a follow up of 11 years: 27 child sex offenders, 174 adult sex offenders, and 244 nonsex offenders. Adult sex offenders scored higher in four facets and total scores compared with nonsex offenders. Child sex offenders had more problems in interpersonal (facet 1) and affective (facet 2) traits than nonsex offenders. More specifically, child sex offenders scored higher in failure to accept responsibility (item 16, Cohen's d = 0.80) and callous/lack of empathy (item 8, Cohen's d = 0.59) of facet 2 and pathological lying (item 4, Cohen's d = 0.58) and glibness/superficial charm (item 1, Cohen's d = 0.48) of facet 1 than nonsex offenders. Both child sex offenders and adults sex offenders were found to be more psychopathic than nonsex offenders. While facets 1, 2, and 3 did not separate child and adult sex offending, child sex offenders scored significantly lower in antisocial problems (facet 4) than adult sex offenders. Despite the limitation of using a sample of mostly high-risk offenders, our findings indicate that higher PCL-R scores in specific facets (1 and 2) and items (1, 4, 8, and 16) are more predictive of child sex offending and suggest insight for treatment strategies of child sex offenders.

Immunological and Genetic Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in an Otherwise Healthy, Young Marine Recruit.

We used epidemiologic and viral genetic information to identify a case of likely reinfection in an otherwise healthy, young Marine recruit enrolled in the prospective, longitudinal COVID-19 Health Action Response for Marines (CHARM) study, and we paired these findings with serological studies. This participant had a positive RT-PCR to SARS-CoV-2 upon routine sampling on study day 7, although he was asymptomatic at that time. He cleared the infection within seven days. On study day 46, he had developed symptoms consistent with COVID-19 and tested positive by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 again. Viral whole genome sequencing was conducted from nares swabs at multiple time points. The day 7 sample was determined to be lineage B.1.340, whereas both the day 46 and day 49 samples were B.1.1. The first positive result for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM serology was collected on day 49 and for IgG on day 91. This case appears most consistent with a reinfection event. Our investigation into this case is unique in that we compared sequence data from more than just paired specimens, and we also assayed for immune response after both the initial infection and the later reinfection. These data demonstrate that individuals who have experienced an infection with SARS-CoV-2 may fail to generate effective or long-lasting immunity, similar to endemic human beta coronaviruses.

The complete chloroplast genome of Narcissus 'Pink Charm'.

The first complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Narcissus 'Pink Charm' was sequenced and characterized using Illumina paired-end data. The assembled cp genome was 159,988 in length with a GC content of 37.82%. A total of 137 genes were annotated, consisting of 91 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 38 transfer RNA genes. The phylogenetic position based on the cp genome data revealed that Narcissus 'Pink Charm' is more closely related to Narcissus poeticus than other relative species.

Review and Improvement of Chemical Hazard Risk Management of Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency.

In 2012, the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency developed Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM) as a risk assessment tool. This study aims to reorganize the CHARM technique by complementing its logical loopholes, while evaluating the risk to enterprises and verifying this technique by applying it to some enterprises in Korea. The optimized technique changed the method of quantitative assessment and evaluation criteria, matched the risk level with the required control level, and specified the use of control practice. For the target enterprises, for several assessment methods, risk levels, hazard bands, exposure bands, and the risk assessment results were derived, and the same types of options were compared. Fewer informational methods resulted in more conservative results of risk levels and hazard bands. Since the control status of the enterprises could not be confirmed and the substances handled at the target enterprises were limited in this study, a follow-up study should be performed with more target materials and additional information on the current control status of the enterprises.

Off-flavors generated during long-term ambient storage of pasteurized drinking yogurt from skim milk.

Few studies have examined sensory quality changes during the storage of pasteurized drinking yogurt (PDY), and the cause of off-flavor development is unclear. Off-flavors generated during 90-d ambient storage (25 °C) of PDY from reconstituted skim milk were investigated by sensory evaluation, volatile component analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-olfactometry. Rancid off-flavor was induced by increased fatty acid concentration due to fat decomposition by heat-stable lipase. Masking of off-flavors was inhibited by degradation of diacetyl, which originally contributed to yogurt-like flavors. Maillard reaction particular to ambient storage of PDY resulted in changes in the furaneol and sotolon levels, which may be involved in enhancement of off-flavors. Finally, our findings indicated that production of 4-vinylguaiacol may be involved in off-flavor development. The results of this study will contribute to the development of PDY with a longer shelf life and superior flavor.

Is the existence of a J/ψJ/ψ bound state plausible?

In a recent measurement LHCb reported pronounced structures in the J/ψJ/ψ spectrum. One of the various possible explanations of those is that they emerge from non-perturbative interactions of vector charmonia. It is thus important to understand whether it is possible to form a bound state of two charmonia interacting through the exchange of gluons, which hadronise into two pions at the longest distance. In this paper, we demonstrate that, given our current understanding of hadron-hadron interactions, the exchange of correlated light mesons (pions and kaons) is able to provide sizeable attraction to the di-J/ψ system, and it is possible for two J/ψ mesons to form a bound state. As a side result we find from an analysis of the data for the ψ(2S)→J/ψππ transition including both ππ and KK¯ final state interactions an improved value for the ψ(2S)→J/ψ transition chromo-electric polarisability: |αψ(2S)J/ψ|=(1.8±0.1)GeV-3, where the uncertainty also includes the one induced by the final state interactions.

Survey of Aflatoxin M1 in Commercial Liquid Milk Products in China.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in Chinese liquid milk products. A total of 190 liquid milk samples, including 168 ultrahigh-temperature-treated milk samples and 22 pasteurized milk (PM) samples, were collected in August 2019. A screening assay with the Charm rapid test kit and a confirmation method with high-performance liquid chromatography were used for AFM1 analysis. Nine (4.74%) samples were screened positive, of which 5 (2.11%) samples were confirmed with concentration levels of 0.022 to 0.049 µg/kg. The AFM1 levels confirmed were all below the maximum residue levels set by China, the European Union, the United States, and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The detection rate of AFM1 in domestic milk samples was 3.39%, while no AFM1 was detected in samples of imported milk. The prevalences of AFM1 detected in three groups of brands were as follows: group I, the major brands of China, 2.70%; group II, the local city domestic brands, 4.55%; and group III, the brands imported into China, 0. The detection rate of AFM1 was significantly higher in PM samples (9.09%) than in ultrahigh-temperature-treated samples (1.19%) (P < 0.05). Although the residue level of AFM1 did not exceed the maximum residue levels in any of the samples, the higher detection rate in local Chinese brands, especially in PM samples, deserves the attention of the Chinese government and consumers.

Detección de aflatoxina M1 en muestras de leche cruda de vacas en tanques de enfriamiento en Boyacá (Colombia) / Detection of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk samples in cooling tanks in Boyacá (Colombia)

RESUMEN Una de las principales formas de contaminación de la leche con micotoxinas es el consumo de alimentos fermentados que se encuentran contaminados con mohos principalmente de Aspergillus spp., los cuales producen toxinas que pueden llegar a constituirse como un problema para la salud publica debido a su estabilidad térmica y química. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue detectar las concentraciones de aflatoxina M1 en muestras de leche de vacas en tanques de enfriamiento en cuatro municipios del departamento de Boyacá durante un año, determinando las variaciones de acuerdo con la temporada. Se realizó un estudio de corte longitudinal, descriptivo cuantitativo. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente cuatro tanques de enfriamiento de cuatro municipios distintos del departamento; cada uno se muestreó dos veces al mes durante todo el período de estudio y se procesaron mediante metodología Charm Ez Lite . Se realizó un ANDEVA para determinar las diferencias estadísticas entre las concentraciones de la aflatoxina M1 por cada trimestre. Se determinaron diferencias estadísticas entre cada uno de los trimestres del estudio encontrando un porcentaje de positividad de 74,06% del total de muestras positivas en los trimestres de verano. 28,12% (108) de las muestras tomadas durante todo el estudio fueron positivas, con concentraciones de la toxina que oscilaron entre 0,5 y 2,0 μg/Kg de leche. Se determinó por primera vez en el departamento de Boyacá las concentraciones y variaciones estacionales de aflatoxina M1 en muestras de tanques de enfriamiento de leche, encontrando las mayores concentraciones y número de casos positivos de aflatoxina M1 en los meses de verano.

ABSTRACT One of the main forms of contamination of milk with mycotoxins is the consumption of fermented foods that are contaminated with mold, mainly Aspergillus spp, which produce toxins that can become a public health problem due to their thermal and chemical stability. The objective of the present work was to detect aflatoxin M1 concentrations in cows' milk samples in cooling tanks in four municipalities of the department of Boyacá for one year, determining the variations according to the season. A longitudinal, quantitative descriptive study was carried out, four cooling tanks from four different municipalities in the department were randomly selected, each tank, in each municipality, was sampled twice a month throughout the study period and processed using Charm methodology Ez Lite®, an ANDEVA was performed to determine the statistical differences between aflatoxin M1 concentrations for each quarter. Statistical differences were determined between each of the quarters of the study, finding a positivity percentage of 74.06% of the total positive samples in the summer quarters. 28.12% (108) of the samples taken throughout the study were positive, with toxin concentrations ranging between 0.5 and 2.0 μg/Kg of milk. Seasonal concentrations and variations of aflatoxin M1 in milk cooling tank samples were determined for the first time in the department of Boyacá, finding the highest concentrations and number of positive cases of aflatoxin M1 in the summer months.

The Wandering Charm Needle.

Charm needles, otherwise known as susuk, are small pin like objects worn subcutaneously, thought to bring magic powers, bringing health, wealth, beauty, and other benefits to the wearer. These talismans are fairly common in South-East Asia, and are generally thought to be benign entities with few clinical sequela. In fact, no known complications have ever been reported in the literature, as susuk are typically composed of biologically inert precious metals and rarely migrate from their origin. Herein, we detail the first ever reported case of a complication from a charm needle, involving a middle aged Chinese female who had a charm needle subcutaneously inserted into the occipital scalp, which eventually migrated through the skull and into her left cerebellar hemisphere. Our aim is to familiarize readers to this peculiar phenomenon not widely practiced in the western world, and to highlight that charm needles are not as benign as initially conceived. To the best of our knowledge, this case demonstrates the first reported complication of a charm needle in the English medical literature.

Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases in various Ethnicities of Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) in various ethnicities of Pakistan using Astronaut Cardiovascular Health and Risk Modification (Astro-CHARM) risk calculator and the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE). METHODS: Individuals of both gender between 40 to 65 years of age without pre-existing coronary artery disease from residents of Karachi were recruited through snowball sampling technique. Study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan during January to June 2019. Ethnicity of the participants was categorized based on their mother tongue. Ten-year risk of ASCVD event was estimated using Astro-CHARM Calculator and PCE. RESULTS: Mean age of a total of 386 individuals was 49(±7.1) years and 45.3% (175) were females. Urdu-speaking individuals were 33.4%(129) of the sample, while, 18.4%(71) Pushtoons, 14%(54) Sindhi, 13%(50) Punjabi, 2.6%(10) Balochi, and remaining 18.7%(72) were of other ethnicities. High risk (≥7.5%) individuals were 20.7% (80/386) as per PCE and 11.1% (43/386) as per Astro-CHARM. As per Astro-CHARM, Sindhis' had the least risk of ten-years ASCVD event among all the ethnicities, while, Urdu-speakings' had the highest risk with mean rank of 145.18 vs. 216.50, p-value=0.001. CONCLUSION: A significant 10-years risk of first ASCVD event was observed in our population. ASCVD risk is alarmingly high in some ethnicities, such as Urdu-speaking, owing to the increased prevalence of traditional modifiable risk factors, such as diabetes and smoking.