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1.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 74(5): 1257-64, 2011 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21439640

RESUMEN

São Paulo state (Brazil) has one of the most overpopulated coastal zones in South America, where previous studies have already detected sediment and water contamination. However, biological-based monitoring considering signals of xenobiotic exposure and effects are scarce. The present study employed a battery of biomarkers under field conditions to assess the environmental quality of this coastal zone. For this purpose, the activity of CYP 450, antioxidant enzymes, DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and lysosomal membrane were analysed in caged mussels and integrated using Factorial Analysis. A representation of estimated factor scores was performed in order to confirm the factor descriptions characterizing the studied areas. Biomarker responses indicated signals of mussels' impaired health during the monitoring, which pointed to the impact of different sources of contaminants in the water quality and identified critical areas. This integrated approach produced a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective assessment, which could be incorporated as a descriptor of environmental status in future coastal zones biomonitoring.


Asunto(s)
Bivalvos/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Animales , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Bivalvos/metabolismo , Brasil , Catalasa/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Daño del ADN , Monitoreo del Ambiente/economía , Fluoresceínas/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Transferasa/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana de los Lisosomas/metabolismo , Estaciones del Año , Agua de Mar/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis
2.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 72(7): 1832-41, 2009 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19615746

RESUMEN

Portmán Bay, southeast Spain, contains the most seriously metal-contaminated sediments of the Mediterranean Sea. From 1958 to 1991, approximately 50 million tons of mine tailings were dumped into the bay, completely filling up the bay and dispersing over an extensive area of the continental platform and continental slope. The objective of our study was to characterize the nature and extent of metal contamination and the responses of natural communities to it and to assess the toxicity of the sediment deposits 10 years after mining had ceased. We studied the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediments and toxicity (of the porewater and sediment-water interface) using two sea urchin species (Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus). Metal bioavailability and patterns of macroinvertebrate community composition along the contamination gradient were also studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed positive correlation between the sediment metal concentrations associated to the all biological effects (sea urchins toxicity tests and benthic indices). The effects of sediment contamination on the benthic community structure are visible among sampling stations.


Asunto(s)
Ecotoxicología/métodos , Sedimentos Geológicos/análisis , Metales Pesados/toxicidad , Agua de Mar/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Animales , Mar Mediterráneo , Metales Pesados/análisis , Análisis Multivariante , Erizos de Mar/efectos de los fármacos , España , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis
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