Looking for a Novel Vegan Protein Supplement from Faba Bean, Lupine, and Soybean: a Dietary and Industrial Standpoint.

Global population growth poses a threat to sustainable development. Meanwhile, the use of plant proteins as healthy and sustainable alternatives to animal proteins needs further research. Therefore, this investigation was designed to study the nutritive, structural, and thermal properties of isolated protein fractions from different legumes, i.e., faba bean (FPI), soybean (SPI), and lupine (LPI). As a prospective plant-based protein powder, an equal mixture (MPI) of the three prior legume samples was formulated to study its properties compared to each sole sample. The alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation (AE-IP) technique was used for protein isolation. Results showed that all protein isolates had reasonable levels of protein with maximum protein content in SPI (96.15%). The MPI sample, however, came out on top in terms of amino acid profile followed by FBI. Compared to SPI and LPI, it had the highest isoleucine content and higher methionine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine. Moreover, MPI showed a median particle charge (-37.1 mV) compared to FPI, SPI, and LPI samples. MPI sample peak showed resistance to heat denaturation at a temperature greater than 200 °C when the DSC test was conducted. With respect to its rheological characteristics, it outperformed the other three protein isolates and exhibited the highest values of storage modulus G' and loss modulus G". Consequently, our study suggests that pulse-derived protein isolate mixture can be used as a unique type of nutritious dietary protein supplement. It could be a good nutritional alternative to proteins derived from animals.

INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES (ICDS) SCHEME.

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is world's largest community based programme. The scheme is targeted at children upto the age of 6 years, pregnant and lactating mothers and women 16-44 years of age. The scheme is aimed to improve the health, nutrition and education (KAP) of the target community. Launched on 2 October 1975, the scheme has completed 25 years of its operational age. The article describes in brief, the organisation, achievements and drawbacks of this national programme. It also suggests various thrust areas for its betterment and further improvement.

Situação da alimentação complementar de crianças entre 6 e 24 meses assistidas na Rede de Atenção Básica de Saúde de Macaé, RJ, Brasil / Situation of the supplementary diet of children between 6 and 24 months attended in the Primary Care Network of Macaé, RJ, Brazil

Resumo O estudo objetivou analisar a situação da alimentação complementar de crianças entre 6-24 meses assistidas na Atenção Básica de Saúde de Macaé/RJ. Realizou-se um estudo seccional e os dados foram obtidos do SisvanWEB, sendo incluídos e analisados todos os registros (n = 218) de crianças entre 6-24 meses, no ano de 2013. Em lactentes entre 6-12 meses detectou-se o consumo de 72,3% de verduras/legumes, 75,3% de frutas e 63,4% de carnes, sendo considerados indicadores de alimentação complementar saudável. Em contrapartida, 23,8% já consumiam alimentos fontes de açúcar (mel, melado, açúcar simples e rapadura), 34,7% suco industrializado e 17,8% refrigerantes. O consumo de suco industrializado foi significativamente maior em meninos (p valor < 0,001). Em crianças entre 12-18 meses detectou-se que 77,6% consumiam verduras/legumes, 77,4% frutas e 86,3% carnes. O consumo de alimentos fontes de açúcar era de 31%, 58,6% de suco industrializado e 50% de refrigerantes. Entre 18-24 meses, observou-se 89,9% das crianças consumindo verduras/legumes, 83,1% frutas e 96,7% carnes. O consumo de alimentos fontes de açúcar foi de 33,9%, 69,5% de suco industrializado e 55,5% de refrigerantes. Conclui-se que os indicadores de alimentação complementar saudável se aproximam da meta do Ministério da Saúde (80%).

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the supplementary nutritional situation of children aged 6-24 months attended by the Primary Care unit of Macaé/RJ. It was conducted as a cross-sectional study, and data was obtained from the SISVAN Web website, including and analyzing all of the records (n=218) of children between 6-24 months in the year 2013. In infants between 6-12 months, the consumption of 72.3% of vegetables, 75.3% of fruits, and 63.4% of meats was detected, considered indicators of healthy supplementary nutrition. In contrast, 23.8% were already consuming sugar-based food sources (honey, molasses, simple sugar, and unrefined cane sugar), 34.7% industrialized juice, and 17.8% soft drinks. The consumption of industrialized juice was significantly greater in boys (p-value <0.001). In children between 12-18 months, 77.6% consumed vegetables, 77.4% fruits, and 86.3% meats. The consumption of sugar-based foods was 31%, 58.6% for industrialized juices, and 50% for soft drinks. Between 18-24 months, it was recorded that 89.9% of children consumed vegetables, 83.1% fruits, and 96.7% meat. The consumption of sugar-based foods was 33.9%, 69.5% for industrialized juices, and 55.5% for soft drinks. We conclude that the indicators of healthy complementary nutrition come close to the target set by the Ministry of Health (80%).

Avaliação de práticas adotadas após uma atividade educativa sobre alimentação complementar / Evaluation of practices adopted after an educational activity on complementary feeding

Objetivo: Avaliar a apreensão e aplicação de informações sobre alimentação complementar fornecidas em uma atividade educativa para mães ou cuidadores. Métodos: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com os participantes da oficina rotineiramente realizada no Centro de Saúde do Núcleo Bandeirante – DF, na qual são discutidos os principais aspectos sobre a alimentação complementar. Utilizou-se de um roteiro, no qual obtinham-se dados sobre a alimentação das crianças e realizou-se a avaliação do peso em relação à idade das mesmas. Após a coleta dos dados, realizou-se a análise qualitativa dos mesmos. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 62 mães. A maioria das crianças encontrava- se entre 6 e 8 meses de idade. De acordo com a curva de peso para idade, 85,5% encontravam-se eutróficas, 9,5% com risco nutricional e 5% com risco de sobrepeso. Quanto às características alimentares, a maioria das crianças recebia diariamente carnes (87%), leguminosas (82%), vegetais (95%) e frutas (92%); 84% só utilizavam temperos naturais para o preparo das refeições, 84% amassavam a comida com o garfo e 89% das crianças recebiam 6 refeições ao dia. Foi igual o número e mães que ofereciam os componentes da papa salgada misturados e separados. A maioria das crianças não recebia belisques nem alimentos impróprios para a faixa etária e 63% das crianças recebiam água de 5 a 8 vezes ao dia, a maioria no copo (58%). Conclusão: Acredita-se que a maioria das informações fornecidas durante a atividade educativa tenham sido assimiladas e implementadas pelos participantes.

Objective: To assess the understanding and application of information on complementary nutrition provided by an educational activity for mothers or caretakers. Methods: The research was developed with participants of the workshop held routinely at the Health Center of Núcleo Bandeirante – Federal District, in which the main aspects on complementary nutrition are discussed. A set of guidelines was used to obtain data on children’s nutrition, in addition to their weight-for-age assessment. After collecting data, a qualitative analysis was carried out. Results: 62 mothers were interviewed. Most children were 6 to 8 months old, and, according to their weight-for-age curve, 85.5% were eutrophic, 9.5% had nutritional risk, and 5% had overweight risk. As to eating characteristics, most children received on a daily basis meats (87%), legumes (82%), vegetables (95%), and fruits (92%); 84% used only natural spices for preparing meals, 84% puréed the food with a fork, and 89% of children received 6 meals per day. Most children did not receive snacks or improper foods for their age bracket, and 63% of children received water from 5 to 8 times a day, most of them by using a glass (58%). Conclusion: It is believed that most of the information provided during the educational activity was assimilated and implemented by participants.