RESUMO
We investigated 52 incidents of the breast cancer to determine their immunological profile in the different age groups. Breast tissue-specific and at the same time oncologically important immunohistochemical markers: estrogen- and progesterone receptors (ER, PR), oncoprotein HER-2/neu, protein PS2, markers of angiogenesis CD31 and mitotic activity Ki-67 were investigated. Patients were divided into 3 group: I - patients under 45 years (23), II - from 46 to 55 (14), III - 56 year and older (15). Investigations showed that expression of the immunohistochemical markers was dissimilar in the different age groups. In the I group of the estrogen- and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and protein PS2 was lower, in contrast to the expression of HER-2/neu, CD31 and Ki-67 were higher then in the elder group. Expression of the estrogen- and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and protein PS2 markers was increasing with the patient age, and significant decrease of the HER-2/neu, CD31 and Ki-67 was observed. This indicates that in younger patients cancer is more aggressive.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/imunologia , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Complexo CD3/imunologia , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67/genética , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fator Esteroidogênico 1RESUMO
The structural and functional features of myoepithelial cells of the intact mammary gland, dyshormonal dysplasias and parenchymatous elements of lobular carcinoma of this organ were studied and compared for the purpose of the elucidation of controversial issue of the role of myoepithelial cells in histogenesis of mammary gland carcinoma. Some distinctive histological (selective staining with amido black--tannin acid), enzyme-chemical (high adenosine-triphosphatase activity), and ultrastructural (cytoplasmic fibrils with focal consolidations, pinocytic vesicles) features of myoepithelial cells were determined. The detection of similar properties in parenchymatous elements of lobular carcinoma facilitated the determination of the tumor cytogenetic profile and suggested the myoepithelial origin of a certain part of carcinoma parenchyma.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Carcinoma/etiologia , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/enzimologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma/enzimologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Ativação Enzimática , Epitélio/enzimologia , Epitélio/patologia , Feminino , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Microscopia EletrônicaRESUMO
Parenchymatous and stromal cells in colonic adenocarcinomas were studied electron-radiographically. The properties of the nucleic acid and protein synthesis in the cylindrical and goblet cells in carcinoma (partial 3H-thymidine incorporation, heterogeneity of 3H-uridine and amino acid mixture incorporation) indicate a relatively low level of their differentiation, lower degree of their participation in a specific function, retaining their capacity to proliferate. A high number of 3H-thymidine-labelled stem cells which are the main source of tumour growth is observed in carcinoma. Stroma in carcinoma is characterized by endotheliocyte and fibroblast proliferation (3H-thymidine incorporation), high degree of metabolic processes in some of these cells (3H-uridine and amino acid mixture incorporation) and by the disturbance of immunocompetent cell specific function (partial and weak labelling of the immunocompetent cells with 3H-uridine and amino acid mixture).
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias Intestinais/ultraestrutura , Intestino Grosso/ultraestrutura , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Autorradiografia/métodos , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/ultraestrutura , DNA de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Endotélio/metabolismo , Endotélio/ultraestrutura , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Neoplasias Intestinais/metabolismo , Intestino Grosso/metabolismo , Microscopia Eletrônica/métodos , RNA Neoplásico/metabolismoRESUMO
Lymph vessels of the rectum in health and during early stages of metastasizing rectal cancer were studied. It was shown that changes occurring at this stage constitute the "cascade" process whose stages are determined by 3 structural elements of the rectal lymphatic vasculature, i. e. capillary, postcapillary, and vessel. Compensatory adaptive changes in the lymphatic routes in rectal cancer and in cases of secondary metastases to the rectum were examined.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Humanos , Sistema Linfático/anatomia & histologia , Sistema Linfático/fisiologia , Reto/anatomia & histologia , Reto/fisiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologiaRESUMO
Electron-microscopic and electron-radioautographic examinations of the palatine tonsil lymphocytes in 20 patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis, aged 21-50, have revealed the proliferation of poorly differentiated T- and B-lymphocyte pools in the lymphoid tissue of the tonsils; these processes manifest by an intensive 3H-thymidine incorporation into the minor lymphocytes of different types. A high level of the RNA radioactive precursor incorporation in B-lymphocytes indicates a constant differentiation of this lymphocyte population. The biological essence of intensive incorporation of protein radioactive precursors in B-lymphocytes appears to consist in the maximal production of active protein substrates mediating the humoral immunity in chronic tonsillitis.
Assuntos
Linfócitos/patologia , Tonsila Palatina/patologia , Tonsilite/patologia , Adulto , Autorradiografia , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Linfócitos/imunologia , Tecido Linfoide/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tonsila Palatina/imunologia , Tonsila Palatina/ultraestrutura , Tonsilite/imunologiaRESUMO
Electron microscopic study of borderline serous and mucinous ovarian tumours was carried out and revealed marked heterogeneity of both types of these tumours. On the basis of the remote results of surgical treatment of the patients the most dangerous subtype from the point of view of its malignancy, the so-called proliferating, tumour with atypical epithelium, was established.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/diagnóstico , Cistadenoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/ultraestrutura , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/ultraestrutura , Cistadenoma/ultraestrutura , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Neoplasias Ovarianas/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Tissue and cellular atypia, changes of the mucus chemical composition, protein secreting function, ATPase activity, differentiation of the epithelial cells and DNA replication with the widening of proliferation zone were registered morphologically in colon microadenomas. A pronounced increase of labelled small lymphocytes capable of proliferation is observed in the stroma. Fibrocytes are practically absent, fibroblasts are represented by young 3H-labelled forms. All these changes are considered as dysplastic.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Neoplasias Intestinais/patologia , Intestino Grosso/patologia , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Divisão Celular/fisiologia , Replicação do DNA/genética , Epitélio/patologia , Fibroblastos/patologia , Humanos , Linfócitos/patologia , Muco/química , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismoRESUMO
It is shown with fluorescent and peroxidase labels for antibodies that the antigen to which the monoclonal antibody A-6/2 is directed, is a marker for cells of the basal stratified epithelium (basal-cell antigen). This antigen persists in squamous cell carcinomas of various sites and degrees of differentiation, but does not occur in tumors of other origins. With electron immunocytochemistry, the antigen was found to be located in tonofilaments and desmosomes of human squamous cell carcinoma. The A-6/2 monoclonal and basal-cell antigen may be used when developing immunomorphologic (light- or electronmicroscopic) procedures for histogenetic diagnosis of these carcinomas.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais , Antígenos/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Pele/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Epitélio/imunologia , Feto , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imuno-Histoquímica , Microscopia EletrônicaRESUMO
Histochemical and immunohistochemical methods were used to examine 29 malignant tumors (18 lobular and 11 invasive carcinomas) and 34 fibroadenomas of the mammary gland (MG). APUD cells containing serotonin, melatonin, and beta-endorphine were shown to be present in the duct epithelium of the normal MG and its pericanalicular fibroadenoma. APUD cells were detected in 21 of the 29 malignant tumours of MG. Hormonal differences of APUD cells were found in poorly and well differentiated carcinomas: the former contained serotonin, melatonin, and beta-endorphine (inhibitors of proliferation), the latter--insulin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (stimulators of cell division). Such differences in the endocrine function of MG malignant tumors are likely to be significant in the clinical course and determination of prognosis for carcinomas of various differentiation.
Assuntos
Células APUD/patologia , Adenofibroma/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Doença da Mama Fibrocística/patologia , Células APUD/análise , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/análise , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Melatonina/análise , Serotonina/análise , beta-Endorfina/análiseRESUMO
The efficiency of the newborn allogenic hepatocytes (NAH) in the treatment of the acute liver failure (ALF) in dogs is studied histologically, histochemically and ultrastructurally. The administration of NAH prevents, in part, the ischemic cell death and is efficient in the stimulation of the liver regeneration in ALF. NAH enhance hepatocyte and Kupffer cell proliferation, reduce the number of degenerative and necrotic foci, increase the number of cell organelles, their volume, compensate the function of the damaged liver, facilitate the morpho-functional restoration of the recipient ischemically damaged liver.
Assuntos
Hepatopatias/fisiopatologia , Regeneração Hepática/fisiologia , Doença Aguda , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Cães , Feminino , Isquemia/fisiopatologia , Isquemia/terapia , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Fígado/ultraestrutura , Hepatopatias/terapia , Transplante de Fígado/métodos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
Procedure using fluorescent and peroxidase labeling and monoclonal antibodies to basal-cell antigen of multilayer epithelium showed the antigen to occur in squamous cell cancer irrespective of site and degree of cell differentiation; this, however, was not the case with tumors of other origins. Ultraimmunocytochemical method was used to identify localization of the antigen at cellular and subcellular levels, namely, in tonofilaments and desmosomes. Said situation is considered to suggest squamous cell carcinoma.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/diagnóstico , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Antígenos de Neoplasias/análise , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/ultraestrutura , Epitélio/imunologia , Epitélio/ultraestrutura , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imuno-Histoquímica , Microscopia EletrônicaRESUMO
The interconnection of morpho-functional changes of liver and cellular capacity to synthesize RNA and DNA in condition of the acute liver failure (ALF) and after the administration of the newborn allogenic hepatocytes (NAH) was studied by the autoradiographic method. The administration of NAH prevents, in part, the ischemic cell death and is efficient in the stimulation of the liver regeneration in ALF; it increases metabolic and proliferative activity of hepatocytes as well as of reticulo-endothelial cells.
Assuntos
Divisão Celular , Transplante de Fígado , Fígado/metabolismo , Doença Aguda , Animais , Autorradiografia , Morte Celular , DNA/biossíntese , Cães , Feminino , Fígado/citologia , Hepatopatias/metabolismo , Hepatopatias/patologia , Hepatopatias/cirurgia , Masculino , Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear/citologia , RNA/biossínteseRESUMO
The study of peculiarities of the blood supply of pre-tumour foci and cancer tumours of mammary glands of humans and mice of highly cancerous strains "A" and "C3H" by means of injectional, histological, histo- and enzymochemical and electron microscopical methods has shown that vascularization of corresponding zones alters with development of pre-cancerous growings in mammary glands. The most pronounced alterations are observed in the vessels of cancer tumours depending on the developmental stage, histological structure and differentiation degree. Changes in the character of "angioplastic" reaction, ultrastructural and histochemical reorganization of the vascular wall explain the peculiarities of microvascularization and metastazing of cancer.