[The role of oxidative damage of proteins and lipids in pathogenesis of traumatic disease in severe combined thoracic trauma].

The investigation objective was to study the dynamics of indices of the lipids and proteins oxidative damage, as well as search for possible prognostic criteria in the injured persons with severe combined thoracic trauma. Concentration of carbonyl groups of proteins and malonic dialdehyde was determined on 1-2d, 3-4th and 5-6th day after trauma in the blood plasm of 73 patients, ageing 20 -68 yrs old. While in conditions of massive infusion therapy concentration of the indices investigated do not reflect the oxidative processes intensity. Relative concentration in recalculation on concentration of common protein content constitutes a more demonstratable index. On the 5-6th day after trauma a tendency for normalization of the oxidative damage of lipids and proteins indices was observed in the patients, who have recovered, and while lethal outcome--their further enhancement was noted. There was established a one-direction dynamics of a relative indices in both groups up to 3-4-th day after trauma with a step-by-step its enhancement. Concentration of carbonyl groups of proteins more than 15.86 mcmol/g of protein on the 5-6-th day after trauma ought to be considered a trustworthy criterion of unfavorable prognosis.

[Correction of energy homeostasis in the acute period of concomitant brain injury].

A randomized prospective study of 191 patients with concomitant brain injury (CBI) of different severity has been carried out. All patients underwent surgery and received treatment in reanimation and intensive care departments. The main group consisted of 100 (52.4%) patients treated with cytoflavin in dosage 20-40 ml daily intravenously in drops during 10 days in addition to standard treatment. The comparison group included 91 (47.6%) patients who received standard treatment only. A positive effect of cytoflavin on clinical symptoms and laboratory characteristics of patients with CBI was identified. The decrease in severity measured with the APACHE II, higher activation of consciousness and improvement in the dynamics of neurological symptoms in these patients have resulted in the reduction in the duration of artificial lung ventilation and total hospital stay.

[Membrane potentials of different cell types of the head of the pancreas in situ in guinea pigs]. / Membrannye potentsialy raznykh tipov kletok golovki podzheludochnoi zhelezy in situ u morskikh svinok.

Membrane potentials of different types of cells in the pancreatic head of guinea-pigs were studied in vivo, using intracellular microelectrode technique. Cellular distribution was determined at different depths: 0-150 microns, 150-500 microns, 500-900 microns. It was established that the maximum number of low polarized cells (30.2%) with membrane potential (MP) up to 30 mV and a smaller number of highly polarized cells (25.8%) were situated in the external layer of the dorsal gland areas. There is a trend towards the increase in the number of highly polarized cells (35.2%) with simultaneous reduction in the number of low polarized cells (19.6%) in the middle layer. The maximum number of highly polarized cells was situated in the deep layers because of the increase in the number of cells with MP level from 50 to 60 mV and the reduction in the number of low polarized cells (12.3%). The number of cells with MP from 30 to 50 mV in external, middle, and deep layers remains practically unchanged. It is believed that with the intact blood circulation and regulation in the pancreas it is possible not only to register various types of cells, but also to examine them in various layers.

[Effect of noradrenaline on reactive myocardial hyperemia in dogs]. / Vliianie noradrenalina na reaktivnuiu giperemiiu miokarda u sobak.

The effect of norepinephrine (NE) on reactive myocardial hyperemia (RH) after a brief (20 sec) flow arrest was studied in 9 closed-chest anesthetized dogs. NE infusion into the left ventricle resulted in the increase of RH peak during coronary flow and the elevation of the left ventricular pressure and its first derivative. The increased coronary dilatation may be explained by the activation of beta 1-adrenergic myocardial receptors. RH peak decreased later, with the coronary flow, left ventricular pressure and its first derivative returning to the control level. This RH decrease can be explained by the activation of alpha-adrenergic receptors of the coronary vessels and the competition between alpha-receptors for vasoconstriction and metabolic vasodilatation.

[Effect of sympathetic nerve stimulation on myocardial reactive hyperemia]. / Vliianie razdrazheniia simpaticheskikh nervov na reaktivnuiu giperemiiu miokarda.

It has been established in experiments on 25 dogs that the peak of reactive hyperemia (RH) of the myocardium cannot be regarded as an absolute criterion of the coronary dilatory reserves. Stimulation of the stellate ganglion under the conditions of arterial blood pressure stabilization increased the peak of RH. After-effect of the sympathetic nerve stimulation also led to a rise in the peak of RH as compared with control.