RESUMO
New hydroxy- and anilinoindanone derivatives 3 and 4 were synthesized starting from 3-hydroxybenzo[e]isoindolinone 1 via the addition of alkyllithium (s-BuLi, n-BuLi, MeLi or i-PrLi) to the carbonyl group, followed by lactam ring opening and, finally, an intramolecular cyclization leading to target compounds. The same starting material was used for the preparation of the new benzo[f]phthalazinone derivatives 12-16 through multi-step reactions. The target derivative 16 was obtained from the corresponding bromolactam 15 by the Buchwald-Hartwig amination. Structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by the NMR spectra.
Assuntos
Indanos , Isoindóis , Isoindóis/química , CiclizaçãoRESUMO
A series of novel 4-substituted phthalazinones as Aurora B kinase inhibitors was synthesized and evaluated the anti-proliferative activities against A549, HCT116, MCF-7 and HepG2 cells. 1-(4-(2-((4-Oxo-3,4-dihydrophthalazin-1-yl)amino)ethyl) phenyl)-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea (17b) exhibited the most potent anti-proliferative activity against HCT116 cells with IC50 value of 4.35 ± 1.21 µM, as well as the moderate Aurora B inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 142 nM. Furthermore, 17b inhibited the phosphorylation of Aurora B on Thr232, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase by down-regulating the expression of CyclinB1 and Cdc2 proteins, and apoptosis by up-regulating the expression of BAD and Bax proteins in HCT116 cells. In addition, a docking study revealed that 17b could form key hydrogen bonds with Ala173, Glu171 and Glu177 in Aurora B. All the results reveal that 17b is worthy of further development as an Aurora B kinase inhibitor.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Aurora Quinase B/antagonistas & inibidores , Ftalazinas/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Aurora Quinase B/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Ensaios Enzimáticos , Pontos de Checagem da Fase G2 do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Ftalazinas/síntese química , Ftalazinas/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Herein we report the synthesis of two series of 4-phenylphthalazin-1-ones 11a-i and 4- benzylphthalazin-1-ones 16a-h as anti-lung adenocarcinoma agents with potential inhibitory activity against PARP-1. All the newly synthesized phthalazinones were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity against A549 lung carcinoma cell line. Phthalazinones 11c-i and 16b, c showed significant cytotoxic activity against A549 cells at different concentrations (0.1, 1 and 10⯵M) for two time intervals (24â¯h and 48â¯h). These nine phthalazinones were further examined for their inhibitory activity towards PARP-1. Compound 11c emerged as the most potent PARP-1 inhibitor with IC50 value of 97â¯nM, compared to that of Olaparib (IC50â¯=â¯139â¯nM). Furthermore, all these nine phthalazinones passed the filters of Lipinski and Veber rules, and predicted to have good pharmacokinetics properties in a theoretical kinetic study. On the other hand, western blotting in A549 cells revealed the enhanced expression of the cleaved PARP-1, alongside, with the reduced expression of pro-caspase-3 and phosphorylated AKT. In addition, ELISA assay confirmed the up-regulation of active caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels compared to the control, suggesting the activation of the apoptotic machinery in the A549 cells. Finally, molecular docking of 11c into PARP-1 active site (PDB: 5WRZ) was performed to explore the probable binding mode.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Ftalazinas/farmacologia , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerase-1/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Ftalazinas/síntese química , Ftalazinas/química , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerase-1/metabolismo , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/síntese química , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/química , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
An efficient hydrazine substitution of p-nitro-aryl fluorides with hydrazine hydrates catalyzed by FeO(OH)@C nanoparticles is described. This hydrazine substitutions of p-nitro-aryl fluorides bearing electron-withdrawing groups proceeded efficiently with high yield and selectivity. Similarly, hydrogenations of p-nitro-aryl fluorides containing electron-donating groups also smoothly proceeded under mild conditions. Furthermore, with these prepared aryl hydrazines, some phthalazinones, interesting as potential structures for pharmaceuticals, have successfully been synthesized in high yields.
Assuntos
Fluoretos , Hidrazinas , Catálise , Fluoretos/química , Hidrazinas/químicaRESUMO
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) acts as an essential DNA repair enzyme. PARP inhibitors are novel small molecule targeted drugs based on the principle of "Synthetic Lethality", which affect DNA repair process by competitively inhibiting the activity of PARP enzyme and thereby kill cancer cells. Currently, four PARP inhibitors including olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, and talazoparib have been approved by FDA for cancer treatment and have achieved great success in the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer, etc. This paper provides a general overview of the research progress of PARP inhibitors including the major structure types, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and synthetic routes, with the aim of providing ideas for the discovery and synthesis of novel PARP inhibitors.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Difosfato de Adenosina/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerase-1 , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/uso terapêutico , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases , Ribose/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
A series of 2- and 7-substituted phthalazinones was synthesised and their potential as anti-tubercular drugs assessed via Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mc2 6230) growth inhibition assays. All phthalazinones tested showed growth inhibitory activity (MIC <100â µm), and those compounds containing lipophilic and electron-withdrawing groups generally exhibited better anti-tubercular activity. Several lead compounds were identified, including 7-((2-amino-6-(4-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-heptylphthalazin-1(2H)-one (MIC=1.6â µm), 4-tertbutylphthalazin-2(1H)-one (MIC=3â µm), and 7-nitro-phthalazin-1(2H)-one (MIC=3â µm). Mode of action studies indicated that selected pyrimidinyl-phthalazinones may interfere with NADH oxidation, however, the mode of action of the lead compound is independent of this enzyme. MIC=minimum inhibitory concentration.