We describe a case of two year old child referred to the service of Genetics with psychomotor retardation, severe neurological regression, microcephaly and stereotyped behavior. The molecular study revealed the heterozygous state of a missense mutation in exon 4 of the gene responsible for this syndrome (sequencing analysis). The clinical features of the disease suggest a pattern of abnormal development of the cerebral cortex in late childhood related to the dysfunction of the MECP2 protein. It's a major genetic cause of autism and should be considered in cases of progressive loss of acquired skills.