RESUMO
A new simian retrovirus (SRV) subtype was discovered in China and the USA from Cambodian-origin cynomolgus monkeys. Histopathological examination from necropsied animals showed multifocal lymphoplasmacystic and histocytic inflammation. The complete genome sequences demonstrated that the US virus isolates were nearly identical (99.91-99.93 %) and differed only slightly (99.13-99.16 % identical) from the China isolate. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the new virus isolates formed a distinct branch of SRV-1 through -7, and therefore were named this subtype, SRV-8. This SRV-8 variant was also phylogenetically and serologically more closely related to SRV-4 than any other SRV subtype.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Macacos/virologia , Infecções por Retroviridae/veterinária , Retrovirus dos Símios/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Infecções por Retroviridae/virologia , Retrovirus dos Símios/classificação , Retrovirus dos Símios/genética , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
The nature of SRV-4 infection in cynomolgus macaques remains unclear to date. Here, we report the monitoring of 24 cynomolgus monkeys that were naturally infected with SRV-4 for virus isolation, proviral load and antibody. The results indicated that the SRV-4 antibody status was statistically correlated to environmental temperature.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Doenças dos Macacos/imunologia , Doenças dos Macacos/virologia , Infecções por Retroviridae/veterinária , Retrovirus dos Símios/imunologia , Animais , Macaca fascicularis , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Infecções por Retroviridae/imunologia , Infecções por Retroviridae/virologia , Retrovirus dos Símios/genética , Retrovirus dos Símios/isolamento & purificação , Retrovirus dos Símios/fisiologiaRESUMO
At least 5 serotypes of exogenous simian retrovirus type D (SRV/D) have been found in nonhuman primates, but only SRV-1, 2 and 3 have been completely sequenced. SRV-4 was recovered once from cynomolgus macaques in California in 1984, but its genome sequences are unknown. Here we report the second identification of SRV-4 and its complete genome from infected cynomolgus macaques with Indochinese and Indonesian/Indochinese mixed ancestry. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that SRV-4 was distantly related to SRV-1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7. SRV/D-T, a new SRV/D recovered in 2005 from cynomolgus monkeys at Tsukuba Primate Center in Japan, clustered with the SRV-4 isolates from California and Texas and was shown to be another occurrence of SRV-4 infection. The repeated occurrence of SRV-4 in cynomolgus monkeys in different areas of the world and across 25years suggests that this species is the natural host of SRV-4.
Assuntos
Genoma Viral , Macaca fascicularis/virologia , Doenças dos Macacos/virologia , Infecções por Retroviridae/veterinária , Retrovirus dos Símios/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/veterinária , Animais , California , Japão , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Infecções por Retroviridae/virologia , Retrovirus dos Símios/classificação , Retrovirus dos Símios/isolamento & purificação , Texas , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
Mice deficient in RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR-/-) or deficient in PKR and a functional 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) pathway (PKR/RL-/-) are more susceptible to genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection than wild-type mice or mice that are deficient only in a functional OAS pathway (RL-/-) as measured by survival over 30 days. The increase in susceptibility correlated with an increase in virus titre recovered from vaginal tissue or brainstem of infected mice during acute infection. There was also an increase in CD45+ cells and CD8+ T cells residing in the central nervous system of HSV-2-infected PKR/RL-/- mice in comparison with RL-/- or wild-type control animals. In contrast, there was a reduction in the HSV-specific CD8+ T cells within the draining lymph node of the PKR/RL-/- mice. Collectively, activation of PKR, but not of OAS, contributes significantly to the local control and spread of HSV-2 following genital infection.