Mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches to study pathogenic bacteria-host interactions

Elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions is important for control and treatment of infectious diseases worldwide. Within the last decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has become a powerful and effective approach to better understand complex and dynamic host-pathogen interactions at the protein level. Herein we will review the recent progress in proteomic analyses towards bacterial infection of their mammalian host with a particular focus on enteric pathogens. Large-scale studies of dynamic proteomic alterations during infection will be discussed from the perspective of both pathogenic bacteria and host cells.

Thyroidectomy Using Ultrasonically Activated Shears; Prospective Randomized Study / 대한내분비외과학회지

PURPOSE: Adequate hemostasis in thyroidectomy is important to reduce postoperative complications including bleeding and hematoma. The object of this study was to evaluate the utility of thyroidectomy using ultrasonically activated shears. METHODS: This was a prospective randomized controlled study. It was conducted on 95 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy between January and March 2009. Patients were divided into two groups according to operation method used: group A (n=49) underwent total thyroidectomy using ultrasonically activated shears, group B (n=46) involved the conventional clamp and tie maneuver. Comparisons included operation time, drain amount, hospitalization, postoperative complications and off-thyroglobulin. RESULTS: The two groups had no significant differences regarding drain amount, hospitalization, postoperative complications and off-thyroglobulin. Operation time was statistically shorter in group A than group B (96.6±22.7 min vs 114.6±24.3 min) (P=.00). CONCLUSION: Thyroidectomy using ultrasonically activated shears reduces operation time significantly, and enables a complete and safe operation without postoperative complications. We recommend the use of ultrasonically activated shears in thyroidectomy.

Security of 5-fluorouracil sustained-release reagent under orthoptic endoscope / 中国组织工程研究

OBJECTIVE:To explore security of interstitial chemotherapy by implanting 5-fluorouracil sustained-release reagent into interstitial tissues of oesophageal tumor tissue and tumor peripheral tissue under orthoptic endoscope. METHODS:Relative articles were retrieved from Pubmed database from January 1988 to December 2008 and CNKI database from January 2000 to December 2008. Inclusion criteria:articles which were related to 5-fluorouracil sustained-release reagent for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma were included;Exclusion criteria:Duplicated articles were excluded. A total of 29 patients with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ esophageal carcinoma who received implantation of 5-fluorouracil sustained-release reagent under orthoptic endoscope were collected from Department of Oncology,Shenyang Red Cross Hospital from March 2001 to December 2007. There were 22 males and 7 females,aging 51-82 years and mean age of 60.2 years. 5-fluorouracil sustained-release particles were implanted into tumor interstitial tissue under orthoptic endoscope. 800 mg 5-fluorouracil sustained-release particles were gradually implanted for 3-5 particles each time. RESULTS:Implantation of 5-fluorouracil sustained-release reagent has been reported to safely and effectively treat esophageal carcinoma. Clinical results indicated complete remission(n=3) ,partial remission(n=16) ,stable pathogenetic condition(n=6) ,and no remission(n=4) . Body mass increased in 21 patients(72.4%) ,and average effectiveness level was 70.9%. Symptoms including hemorrhage,light descent of leukocyte,light malignancy,diarrhea but excluding functional disorder of liver and kidney were found. Easement of pain in 22 patients was 75.8%,and discontinuing analgesics accounted for 50%(P

Clinical application of tracheal stent implantation / 中国组织工程研究

Currently,tracheal stents used in clinic include silicone,dynamic and metal types.The metal stents contain Ni-Ti memory alloy,stainless steel,and coating stents,which are cylinder and network structured.These stents are more expensive than silicone stents.The internal stents,mainly metal stents,have been used recently in clinic to treat tracheal stenosis.Tracheal stenting methods are divided into bronchofibroscope and hard lens implantation.Both tracheal and esophageal stent implantations are invasive treatment.However,tracheal stent implantation is different from esophageal stent implantation.As patients with airway obstruction are always complicated by dyspnea and hypoxemia,even respiratory failure,which increases risk and difficulty of stent implantation.During tracheal stent implantation,the bronchofibroscope or stent entering the stenosis site may lead to complete tracheal obstruction-induced asphyxia.Corrosion of metal wire of stent to airway mucosa and vessels may result in hemorrhea,leading to postoperative hemoptysis.Stent dislocation is mainly caused by inappropriate selection of stent,inappropriate implantation position or severe cough.Carcinoma tissue growing along stent lumens can induce re-obstruction in stent,resulting in atelectasis relapse.Although there are many unsolved problems and the incidence of complication is 10%-20%,tracheal stent is still a safe,effective and simple therapy for tracheal stenosis.Prevention and treatment of tracheal stenosis following stent implantation and development of novel stents with better effect and fewer side effects is future study focus.