الملخص
OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for the standardized treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and the adjustment of therapeutic drugs for COPD in the national essential medicine list. METHODS Relevant clinical experts， pharmaceutical experts and medical insurance experts were invited to sort out the COPD treatment drugs involved in the domestic and foreign COPD clinical guidelines， the national essential medicine list， the WHO standard list of essential medicine， the national medical insurance catalogue， and comparatively analyzed the COPD treatment drugs. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Compared with domestic clinical guidelines， foreign clinical guidelines included an additional COPD triple preparation， while involving fewer types of expectorants and antioxidants； there were only 12 kinds of COPD treatment drugs included in the WHO standard list of essential medicine， while there were 18 kinds in the national essential medicine list in China， and more theophylline drugs， expectorants and antioxidants were included. In addition， 15 kinds of COPD treatment drugs were found in both the national clinical guidelines and the national medical insurance catalogue， but not in the national essential medicine list， including terbutaline， levalbuterol hydrochloride， salmeterol， formoterol， indacaterol， beclometasone， mometasone furoate， salbutamol ipratropium， glycopyrronium formoterol， umeclidinium vilanterol， indacaterol glycopyrronium， beclometasone formoterol， budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate， fluticasone furoate/vilanterol/umeclidinium， and fudosteine， which were mainly long-acting beta 2-agonists and COPD triple preparations. These drugs had certain evidence-based medicine evidence， their efficacy and economy had certain advantages， and their impact on the budget of the medical insurance fund was controllable. Therefore， it is suggested that the aforementioned drugs should be included in the essential medicines list in the subsequent update.
الملخص
Eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs), an important pathway of eosinophil to exert its effects, are composed of DNA fibers, histone and eosinophil granule proteins. Recently, many researches have shown that EETs play an important role in the genesis and development of respiratory diseases including asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. EETs can directly damage airway epithelial cells, promote airway inflammation and airway hypersecretion, increase the stickiness of secretions and induce the generation of autoantibody, helping eosinophils and their products participate in a cascade of events leading to inflammation and disease. Researches on EETs can also be helpful in investigating new targets for the treatment of chronic airway diseases.
الملخص
Three cases of Good's syndrome with pulmonary lesions in our hospital from June 1,2010 to June 1,2013 were retrospective analyzed and relevant literatures were reviewed.Clinical manifestation,characteristics of pulmonary lesions,diagnosis and treatment were summarized.Abnormality of lymphocyte subpopulation to varying degrees in peripheral blood was detected in all 3 cases.However none showed hypogammaglobulinemia.If thymoma patients developed recurrent respiratory infections,Good's syndrome should be considered.Pulmonary manifestations of Good's syndrome have lesions similar to those of diffuse panbronchiolitis or interstitial lung disease.Early screening of immune competency and treatment for immunodeficiency may improve prognosis.