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La utilización de herramientas tecnológicas en la docencia condiciona el desarrollo de nuevas destrezas intelectuales en los estudiantes, lo que les facilita la aplicación de estrategias de investigación, mejora sus capacidades de una forma integral, les ayuda a enfrentar las dificultades y exigencias del mundo y les permite adquirir un aprendizaje más significativo para poder desenvolverse en el ámbito socioeducativo. Con vistas a cumplir lo anterior, se desarrolló un repositorio institucional de recursos educativos abiertos para la Universidad Virtual de Salud, a partir del empleo de herramientas tecnológicas libres y de código abierto que permiten la estandarización e interoperabilidad entre cada uno de los repositorios establecidos en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, con lo cual se garantizará una lógica de organización académica.
The use of digital technologies in teaching determines the development of new intellectual skills in students, which facilitates the application of investigation strategies, improves their capabilities in an integral way, helps them face the difficulties and demands of the current world and allows them to acquire more significant learning to have a good performance in the socio-educational environment. With a view to fulfilling the above, an institutional repository of open educational resources was developed for the Virtual Health University, based on the use of free and open-source technology tools that allow the standardization and interoperability among each of the repositories established in the National Health System, which will guarantee logic of academic organization.
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AIM: To construct column-line plots to predict survival in elderly patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS: 5 220 (based on the era of single-targeted therapy) and 1 176 (based on the era of dual-targeted therapy) patients screened in the SEER database were randomized into a training group and an internal validation group. COX proportional risk regression was used to screen survival-related predictors and build a column-line graphical model, and the accuracy and utility of the model were tested using the consistency index (C-index), calibration curves, and time-dependent ROC curves. Patients receiving chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy were statistically paired using two-group propensity score matching, and subgroup analyses were performed on the screened variables. RESULTS: The single-targeted therapy era line graph was constructed from seven variables: age, marital status, T-stage, N-stage, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The dual-targeted therapy era line graph was constructed from five variables: age, AJCC staging, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that older HER2-positive breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy had better OS. CONCLUSION: Based on the SEER database, an accurate column-line graph predicting survival in elderly patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer was established and validated. This study suggests that chemotherapy increases survival benefit in elderly patients.
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Objective To explore the expression, correlation with clinicopathologic parameters, and clinical significance of MIS18 binding protein 1 (MIS18BP1) in bladder cancer. Methods TCGA and GEO databases were used to analyze the mRNA expression of MIS18BP1 in tumors and controls, and the results were verified via qRT-PCR. UALCAN online database was utilized in the analysis of the expression of MIS18BP1 and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and the degree of immune cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry was employed to analyze the expression of MIS18BP1 in bladder cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features. The ROC curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic value of MIS18BP1 mRNA in bladder cancer. Results Bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR results revealed the increased expression of MIS18BP1 mRNA in bladder cancer compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry unveiled the significantly high positive rate of MIS18BP1 protein in bladder cancer (P<0.05) and its correlation with the clinical stage of tumors, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The immune infiltration analysis showed the association of MIS18BP1 with immune cell infiltration in bladder cancer. Conclusion The increased expression level of MIS18BP1 gene and protein in bladder cancer may regulate the development of bladder cancer by influencing immune cell infiltration.
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Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets for the distal movement of maxillary molars to improve the ability of orthodontists to predict treatment outcomes.@*Methods@#Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Database, CNKI Database, and VIP Database were searched for studies investigating the efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances for distal movement of maxillary molars in adult patients and published from database inception to August 1, 2023. A total of three researchers screened the studies and evaluated their quality and conducted a meta-analysis of those that met quality standards.@*Results@#This study included 13 pre- and postcontrol trials with a total sample size of 281 patients. The meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in the sagittal or vertical parameters of the jawbone after treatment when compared with those before treatment (P>0.05). The displacement of the first molar was MD=-2.34, 95% CI (-2.83, -1.85); the displacement was MD=-0.95, 95% CI (-1.34, -0.56); and the inclination was MD=-2.51, 95% CI (-3.56, -1.46). There was a statistically significant difference in the change in sagittal, vertical, and axial tilt of the first molar before and after treatment. After treatment, the average adduction distance of the incisors was MD=-0.82, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.09), and the decrease in lip inclination was MD=-1.61, 95% CI (-2.86, -0.36); these values were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Invisible orthodontic appliances can effectively move the upper molars in a distal direction and control the vertical position of the molars. When the molars move further away, there is some degree of compression and distal tilt movement, which is beneficial for patients with high angles. The sagittal movement of incisors is beneficial for improving the patient's profile.
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Empowered by the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology and information security technology, basic medicine, translational medicine, and clinical medicine have entered a new era. In this process, the relevant data such as text, genetics, images, and videos have increased at an astonishing rate. Traditional specialized disease databases cannot adapt to the multimodality of data and the multicentralization of data sources in the present/future. Therefore, establishing a next-generation multimodal and multicenter collaborative specialized disease database that is suitable for secure data sharing and ethical in clinical research is essential. This paper expounds the concept and basic framework of developing a next-generation clinical research disease database with universal use, emphasizing the establishment of a multimodal data integration mechanism, a multicenter collaborative system supported by privacy-preserving computing, highly intelligent software and hardware entities, and an integrated operational management mode. It also introduces the application of this concept in the construction of a breast cancer three-dimensional life database, a project of China Breast Cancer Innovation Alliance.
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【Objective】 To examine risk factors for acute pancreatitis (AP) in individuals with chronic alcohol consumption habits. 【Methods】 The study incorporated participants from the initial survey (2006-2010) and subsequent follow-ups (2014+) taken from the UK Biobank database, with the observation period ending on November 30, 2022. During this period, 176 individuals were newly diagnosed with AP, while 59,512 remained unaffected. Vital characteristics of the target population, such as their medical histories, surgical experiences and dietary patterns, were collected during the enrolment phase (2006-2010). The Cox proportional hazard model was employed to ascertain whether these characteristics were potent risk factors for AP. Concurrently, a subgroup from the target population with documented drinking behavior was selected. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to analyze the relationship of the established factors, variances in alcohol consumption, and increased alcohol intake (Δ) with the onset of AP, and whether the additional alcohol intake served as a risk factor. 【Results】 Multivariate analysis revealed that consumption quantity of cooked vegetables inversely correlated with AP risk (HR=0.44, 0.39, 0.42 and 0.41 for one, two, three and four+ tablespoons per day, respectively, as compared to non-consumers). Coffee consumption (2-3 cups per day) also reduced AP risk (HR=0.45 for 2 cups/day; HR=0.39 for 3 cups/day as compared to non-coffee drinkers). However, those with biliary disease without cholecystectomy exhibited a marked increase in AP risk (HR=7.82), which reduced albeit remained elevated for those with biliary disease post-cholecystectomy (HR=2.15). Subgroup analysis showed minimal impact of alcohol intake levels on AP incidence. Yet, increased alcohol consumption (Δ of 1 bottle/week) was linked to a heightened AP risk (HR=1.05, 95% CI:1.02-1.09, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Among longstanding alcohol consumers, a diet rich in cooked vegetables and moderate coffee consumption offers protective effects against AP. Conversely, biliary disease (particularly without cholecystectomy) and elevated alcohol intake present considerable risk factors for the development of this condition.
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【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between the initial serum ammonia level and the risk of ICU and hospital mortalities in critically ill patients without hepatic disease. 【Methods】 A retrospective cohort study was conducted among patients admitted to the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) for a single admission who had serum ammonia test records within 48 hours of the first ICU admission and had no hepatic disease. The age, sex, ethnicity, Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅳ score (APACHE Ⅳ score), treatment methods, complications, and outcomes were extracted. Univariable and multivariable Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between serum ammonia level and the risk of mortality. Interactions were used to analyze whether the relationship between serum ammonia level and the risk of mortality differed in subgroups of APACHE Ⅳ scores, age, sex, and ethnicity; subgroup analyses were made. 【Results】 A total of 1 674 patients were included. The multivariable Logistic regression showed that for every 10 μg/dL increase in ammonia, the risk of ICU death increased by 6.9% (OR=1.069, 95% CI: 1.036-1.104), and the risk of hospital death increased by 4.6% (OR=1.046, 95% CI: 1.017-1.076). The risk of ICU death was 1.7 times greater in patients with initial ammonia level of 49-82 μg/dL than in those with <49 μg/dL (OR=1.700, 95% CI: 1.165-2.482), the risk of ICU death was 2.862 times greater in patients with a level of ≥82 μg/dL compared to those with <49 μg/dL (OR=2.862, 95% CI: 1.792-4.570), and the risk of hospital death was 1.844 times higher in the ≥82 μg/dL group than in the <49 μg/dL group (OR=1.844, 95% CI: 1.213-2.804). There were no significant differences between initial ammonia level and the risk of mortalities in different subgroups of APACHEⅣ scores, age, sex, or ethnicity. 【Conclusion】 In critically ill patients without hepatic disease, elevated initial serum ammonia level after ICU admission is associated with a high risk of ICU and hospital mortality.
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【Objective】 To analyze the expression of lncRNA SNHG25 in prostate cancer and its significance, so as to explore the biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. 【Methods】 Based on the TCGA database, differential, survival, and clinical correlation analyses of SNHG25 were performed.SNHG25 expression in prostate cancer was analyzed in the UALCAN database to determine its relationship with the clinical and pathological characteristics.The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA correlation analysis was performed.The relevant ceRNA regulatory network was constructed.Prostate cancer samples were divided into high and low SNHG25 expression groups, and differential SNHG25 related genes were filtered and then enriched. 【Results】 SNHG25 expression was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer specimens compared to normal prostate specimens (P0.05).Regulatory networks of SNHG25/miR-330-3p/DLX1 and RPL22L1 were constructed. 【Conclusion】 SNHG25 is highly expressed in prostate cancer tissues and correlated with poor prognosis.SNHG25 expression does not significantly correlate with age, T-stage, N-stage, and Gleason score.SNHG25/miR-330-3p/DLX1 and RPL22L1 regulatory networks may play an important role in the development of prostate cancer.SNHG25 may become a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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【Objective】 To investigate the effects of radical prostatectomy (RP) or brachytherapy (BT) on the prognosis of patients with high-risk prostate cancer as initial treatment, in order to provide a reference for the selection of clinical treatment options. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 133 191 patients diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer and treated with RP or BT during 2005 and 2014 were extracted from the SEER database.The 5-year and 10- year cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared with K-M analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression.The clinical data of another 253 patients diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer in Subei People’s Hospital during 2015 and 2020 were collected, including 153 patients who received RP and 100 patients who received BT.The 5-year biochemical progress-free survival (bPFS) and CSS were compared with K-M analysis. 【Results】 Univariate analysis of SEER data showed that BT was associated with a higher risk of death (HR=1.319, 95%CI: 1.256-1.386, P<0.001); age, marital status and TNM stage were associated with higher risk of death (P<0.001).Multivariate analysis, adjusted for relevant variables, showed that BT did not result in a higher risk of death compared with RP (HR=0.964, 95%CI:0.924-0.996, P=0.808). The OS curve showed that the longer the observed survival time, the better OS of RP as compared to BT (P<0.001); however, the CSS survival curve showed that the longer the observed survival time, the better CSS of BT compared to RP (P<0.001).The single-center data analysis showed no significant difference between BT and RP in the 5-year bPFS (P=0.263) and CSS (P=0.946). 【Conclusion】 For patients with high-risk prostate cancer, there is a significant difference in the prognosis of the two treatments if there is no adjustment of age, marital status, TNM stage and other factors, and the efficacy of RP is better than that of BT, especially in patients with survival more than 10 years.However, there is no statistically significant difference in the prognosis after the possible confounding factors are adjusted.Therefore, the initial treatment choice for these patients should be weighed from multiple perspectives, and patients’ choices must be respected after they are fully informed.
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【Objective】 To investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of elderly patients with localized renal cell carcinoma after operation. 【Methods】 Clinical data of all elderly patients (60-100 years old) with localized renal cell carcinoma who underwent primary tumor resection during 2004 and 2017 in United States National Cancer Institute (SEER) database were collected.The clinical features, surgical methods and prognosis were analyzed.According to the surgical methods, the patients were divided into partial nephrectomy (PN) group and radical nephrectomy (RN) group.The effects of the two surgical methods on the prognosis were compared. 【Results】 A total of 20 348 patients were included.The median survival time was 164 months, and the 3-, 5- and 10-year cumulative overall survival rates were 91.1%, 84.2% and 64.4%, respectively.Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age, sex, race, histological grade, T stage and surgical method were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P0.05). 【Conclusion】 Old age, male, black, non-chromophobe cell carcinoma, low degree of differentiation, high T stage of tumor and RN are independent risk factors for the prognosis of elderly patients with localized renal cell carcinoma.PN is the main treatment method and has remarkable therapeutic effects.
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OBJECTIVE To mine and analyze the post-marketing adverse drug event （ADE） signals of irinotecan in adults and children populations， and to provide a reference for clinical safe medication. METHODS ADE reports of irinotecan from the first quarter of 2004 to the first quarter of 2023 in the US FDA adverse event reporting system database were extracted and the risk signals of irinotecan were detected through the reporting odds ratio and proportional reporting ratio. Statistical analysis was performed for ADE reports and signals of patients aged＜18 years （children） and ≥18 years （adults）. RESULTS A total of 8 013 ADE reports with irinotecan as the primary suspect drug were identified， including 7 656 and 357 ADE reports in adults and children， respectively. A total of 518 and 75 ADE signals were detected in the adults and children， and the mainly involved systems and organs including gastrointestinal disorders， blood and lymphatic system disorders， systemic disorders and various reactions at the administration site， etc. Most of the top 20 ADE signals in terms of frequency were documented in the drug instructions of irinotecan. New ADE signals in adults included peripheral neuropathy， oral mucosal inflammation， pulmonary embolism， epidermal nevus syndrome and reproductive toxicity， while hypertension， progressive neoplasms， tumor lysis syndromes， and embolism were new ADE signals in children. CONCLUSIONS The above new suspected high-risk signals not mentioned in the instructions should raise a high level of alertness in clinical practice of irinotecan.
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OBJECTIVE To mine and analyze the post-marketing adverse drug event （ADE） signals of irinotecan in adults and children populations， and to provide a reference for clinical safe medication. METHODS ADE reports of irinotecan from the first quarter of 2004 to the first quarter of 2023 in the US FDA adverse event reporting system database were extracted and the risk signals of irinotecan were detected through the reporting odds ratio and proportional reporting ratio. Statistical analysis was performed for ADE reports and signals of patients aged＜18 years （children） and ≥18 years （adults）. RESULTS A total of 8 013 ADE reports with irinotecan as the primary suspect drug were identified， including 7 656 and 357 ADE reports in adults and children， respectively. A total of 518 and 75 ADE signals were detected in the adults and children， and the mainly involved systems and organs including gastrointestinal disorders， blood and lymphatic system disorders， systemic disorders and various reactions at the administration site， etc. Most of the top 20 ADE signals in terms of frequency were documented in the drug instructions of irinotecan. New ADE signals in adults included peripheral neuropathy， oral mucosal inflammation， pulmonary embolism， epidermal nevus syndrome and reproductive toxicity， while hypertension， progressive neoplasms， tumor lysis syndromes， and embolism were new ADE signals in children. CONCLUSIONS The above new suspected high-risk signals not mentioned in the instructions should raise a high level of alertness in clinical practice of irinotecan.
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Objective @#To screen the core genes of diabetic kidney disease ( DKD) based on bioinformatics , ex- plore the therapeutic targets of DKD , and discuss its possible regulatory mechanism .@*Methods @#The expression da- ta matrix of glomerular transcriptome in patients with DKD in GEO database (GSE30528 , GSE47183) was extrac- ted , and the differentially expressed genes ( DEGs) were screened by bioinformatics methods to identify the core differential genes , and then gene expression and enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to predict effective targets . @*Results @#By screening and identifying the mRNA expression matrix of DKD , five core genes were screened out. Among them , C1orf21 and NPHS1 were significantly down regulated , and CD48 , COL1A2 , and TGFBI were up regulated . NPHS1 and CD48 were significantly related to immune differences , intercellular communication , and cell surface interaction . Through receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) analysis and GSEA analysis and drug target prediction , it might be of great significance for the treatment of DKD .@*Conclusion @#The core genes screened in this study have significant correlation with DKD , which may be used as effective markers for the treat- ment of diabetes . And then , this study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment and identification of DKD .
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@#Objective To investigate the role of ubiquitin binding enzyme EZT(UBE2T)in lung adenocarcinoma by integrating single-cell sequencing data with the TCGA database,in order to provide insights into the specific molecular mechanisms of UBE2T in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Single-cell sequencing data was downloaded from the GEO database(GSE117570),and R language was used for quality control and analysis of the data.Additionally,online tools were employed to analyze lung adenocarcinoma-related data from the TCGA database.The potential target genes associated with UBE2T were identified by integrating TCGA and single-cell sequencing data.Results Differential analysis using the TCGA database successfully demonstrated that UBE2T could serve as an independent prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma,and it was correlated with poor patient outcomes.Integration of single-cell sequencing data revealed that UBE2T-associated genes were mainly distributed in mononuclear cells and T cells.Furthermore,analysis using the CancerSEA database suggested a close association between UBE2T and cell cycle regulation.Conclusion UBE2T may play a role in promoting the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma through the regulation of the cell cycle.
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Objective：To show that it is possible to capture pregnant women by identifying newborns and their mothers using JMDC database and examine a generalizability to Japan.Methods：We identified a newborn who was born between 2016 and 2020 and his/her mother using health insurance association's registry owned by JMDC Inc. First, we identified a newborn whose relationship to the insured was “child” and who joined the health insurance association at birth month. And we linked a woman member aged 18 to 49 who belongs to the same family at the newborn's birth month to the newborn as a mother. We assessed a generalizability of these mothers and newborns obtained from this method by an age distribution of mother at birth month and proportion of newborn against women aged between 18 and 49 using Vital Statistics, National Census, and Population Estimates in Japan as index.Results：We identified 194,036 mother-newborn pairs in JMDC database from 2016 to 2020. The mean mother's age at newborn's birth was 31.9. On the other hand, the number of births in Japan during the same period was 4,538,786, and the mean mothers' age was 31.5. Number of newborns per 1,000 women in JMDC database in 2020 was 19.0, and that in Japan was 37.0.Conclusion：We concluded that our method of identifying pregnant women and newborns is useful for study of pregnant women and newborns.
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Objective：To show that it is possible to capture pregnant women by identifying newborns and their mothers using JMDC database and examine a generalizability to Japan.Methods：We identified a newborn who was born between 2016 and 2020 and his/her mother using health insurance association's registry owned by JMDC Inc. First, we identified a newborn whose relationship to the insured was “child” and who joined the health insurance association at birth month. And we linked a woman member aged 18 to 49 who belongs to the same family at the newborn's birth month to the newborn as a mother. We assessed a generalizability of these mothers and newborns obtained from this method by an age distribution of mother at birth month and proportion of newborn against women aged between 18 and 49 using Vital Statistics, National Census, and Population Estimates in Japan as index.Results：We identified 194,036 mother-newborn pairs in JMDC database from 2016 to 2020. The mean mother's age at newborn's birth was 31.9. On the other hand, the number of births in Japan during the same period was 4,538,786, and the mean mothers' age was 31.5. Number of newborns per 1,000 women in JMDC database in 2020 was 19.0, and that in Japan was 37.0.Conclusion：We concluded that our method of identifying pregnant women and newborns is useful for study of pregnant women and newborns.
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@#Abstract: In recent years, the field of nucleic acid therapeutics has been flourishing, progressively establishing itself as the third generation of drug modalities following small molecules and antibody-based drugs. Artificial intelligence technology based on machine learning is advancing rapidly, which can significantly accelerate the development process of nucleic acid therapeutics. This review provides an overview of the foundational aspects of artificial intelligence algorithms, databases, and characterizations in the field of nucleic acid drug development. It elucidates the advances in the application of artificial intelligence in nucleic acid structural prediction, small nucleic acid drug design, and other research and development phases of nucleic acid therapeutics, aiming to offer some reference for the interdisciplinary development of artificial intelligence and nucleic acid drugs.
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Objective:To construct the risk prediction nomogram model of acute kidney injury (AKI) with R language and traditional statistical methods based on the large sample clinical database, and verify the accuracy of the model.Methods:It was a a retrospective case control study. The patients who met the diagnostic criteria of AKI in Tongji Hospital of Tongji University from January 1 to December 31, 2021 were screened in the clinical database, and the patients with monitored serum creatinine within 48 hours but without AKI were included as the control group. The demographic data, disease history, surgical history, medication history and laboratory test data were collected to screen the risk factors of AKI in clinic.Firstly, based on multivariate logistic regression analysis and forward stepwise logistic regression analysis, the selected risk factors were included to construct the nomogram model. At the same time, cross validation, bootstrap validation and randomly split sample validation were used for internal verification, and clinical data of patients in the sane hospital after one year (January to December, 2022) were collected for external verification. The receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to determine the discrimination of the model, and calibration curve and decision curve analysis were carried out to evaluate the accuracy and clinical net benefit, respectively.Results:A total of 5 671 patients were enrolled in the study, with 1 884 AKI patients (33.2%) and 3 787 non-AKI patients (66.7%). Compared with non-AKI group, age, and proportions of surgical history, renal replacement therapy, hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular accident,chronic kidney disease, drug use histories and mortality in AKI group were all higher (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of AKI were surgical history, hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, diuretics, nitroglycerin, antidiuretic hormones, body temperature, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, red blood cells, white blood cells, D-dimer, myoglobin, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, brain natriuretic peptide, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, triacylglycerol, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, activated partial thromboplastin time, blood uric acid and potassium ion (all P<0.05). Finally, the predictive factors in the nomogram were determined by forward stepwise logistic regression analysis, including chronic kidney disease, hypertension, myoglobin, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and the area under the curve of the prediction nomogram model was 0.926 [95% CI 0.918-0.933, P<0.001]. The calibration curve showed that the calibration effect of nomogram was good ( P>0.05). The decision curve showed that when the risk threshold of nomogram model was more than 0.04, the model construction was useful in clinic. In addition, the area under the curve of receiver-operating characteristic curve predicted by nomograph model in external validation set was 0.876 (95% CI 0.865-0.886), which indicated that nomograph model had a high discrimination degree. Conclusion:A nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of AKI is established successfully, which is helpful for clinicians to find high-risk AKI patients early, intervene in time and improve the prognosis.
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Objective To explore the construction and visualization for knowledge graph of Ling Shu(Spiritual Pivot),with a view to providing ideas for the structured storage and display of the theoretical knowledge of the ancient Chinese medical books.Methods Using the professional idea of constructing knowledge graphs for reference,text mining technology was applied to construct the thesaurus,and then word division,entity recognition,and relationship extraction for the original text of Ling Shu were performed to get the elements of knowledge graph construction.The graph database Neo4j was used for the storage and query of the knowledge graph,and then the visual display of the knowledge graph was achieved.Results The 1 216 high-quality words consisting of the thesaurus of Ling Shu were obtained,and the construction of the knowledge graph of the theory of Ling Shu was realized.The constructed knowledge graph basically displayed the traditional Chinese medicine theories such as the correlation of visceral manifestations with essence qi,and the relationship between emotions and the five-zang organs described in Ling Shu,which made the retrieval and utilization of the related entities and relationships possible,and provided ideas for the structured storage and display of the theoretical knowledge of the ancient books of Chinese medicine.Conclusion The knowledge graph construction technology can be used to obtain the Chinese medicine theoretical knowledge graph of Ling Shu,and to display the knowledge connections of yin-yang and the five elements,and the internal organs and meridians expressed in the Ling Shu.The construction of the knowledge graph and its storage in the graph database enable the knowledge graph involved in the text of Ling Shu to be displayed in the form of visualized semantic network graph,and also make the embedding of other search systems such as the semantic search and semantic wiki possible,which will be helpful for the development of Chinese medicine intelligent medical services.
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Vascular surgery is an emerging clinical discipline with a wide range of categories and disease types.In theoretical teaching,a large amount of vivid imaging materials and vascular reconstruction photos are needed to effectively display the clinical manifestation.During internship training,there are not enough patients in the ward to cover common or frequently-occurring diseases of vascular surgery.As a result,development of a clinical case data-base is of great significance for the teaching of vascular surgery.This article mainly introduces the establishment and preliminary application of a clinical case database in vascular surgery teaching at Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.