Strategies for sustaining and enhancing nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings: a narrative review / 한국의학교육

Students’ engagement in academic-related learning activities is one of the important determinants of students’ success. Identifying the best teaching strategies to sustain and promote nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings has always been a challenge for nurse educators. Hence, it is essential to provide a set of strategies for maintaining and enhancing the academic engagement of nursing students. The purpose of this review was to explore and summarize the strategies that nurse educators use to sustain and promote nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings. A narrative literature review was conducted. CINAHL (nursing content), ProQuest, Medline, the Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched. Of 1,185 retrieved articles, 32 teaching strategies were identified and extracted from the nursing literature. We used thematic analysis approach to organize these strategies into five main categories as follows: technology-based strategies (15 articles), collaborative strategies (10 articles), simulation-based strategies (two articles), research-based strategies (two articles), and miscellanea learning strategies (three articles). As a general comment, these strategies have the potential to promote nursing students’ engagement. Among the strategies discussed in this review, the use of technology, particularly the response system and online learning, was more common among nursing educators, which is in line with today’s advances in smart technologies. The collection presented in this review can be used as a starting point for future research to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the academic engagement of nursing students. Nevertheless, due to the lack of experimental studies, the optimal strategies remain to be elucidated through future high-quality experimental study.

Pain in β-thalassemia major patients: an important yet neglected issue

No abstract available.

Reliability of the emergency severity index meta-analysis

Although triage systems based on the Emergency Severity Index [ESI] have many advantages in terms of simplicity and clarity, previous research has questioned their reliability in practice. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the reliability of ESI triage scales. This meta analysis was performed in March 2014. Electronic research databases were searched and articles conforming to the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies were selected. Two researchers independently examined selected abstracts. Data were extracted in the following categories: version of scale [latest/older], participants [adult/paediatric], raters [nurse, physician or expert], method of reliability [intra/inter-rater], reliability statistics [weighted/unweighted kappa] and the origin and publication year of the study. The effect size was obtained by the Z-transformation of reliability coefficients. Data were pooled with random-effects models and a meta-regression was performed based on the method of moments estimator. A total of 19 studies from six countries were included in the analysis. The pooled coefficient for the ESI triage scales was substantial at 0.791 [95% confidence interval: 0.787-0.795]. Agreement was higher with the latest and adult versions of the scale and among expert raters, compared to agreement with older and paediatric versions of the scales and with other groups of raters, respectively. ESI triage scales showed an acceptable level of overall reliability. However, ESI scales require more development in order to see full agreement from all rater groups. Further studies concentrating on other aspects of reliability assessment are needed

Relationship between awareness of disease and adherence to therapeutic regimen among cardiac patients

Adherence to prescribed therapeutic regimen is an important element of self-care behaviors in cardiac patients. Awareness of disease may play an important role in patient adherence. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between awareness of the disease and adherence to therapeutic regimen among cardiac patients admitted to selected hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Using a descriptive correlational design, 340 patients with heart disease were selected using convenience sampling from five hospitals in Mashhad during December 2009 to May 2010. Data were collected using three questionnaires including demographic information, awareness of disease and treatment adherence [including medication, diet and physical activity]. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were examined by content validity and test-retest, respectively. Also, inter-rater reliability was examined for two data raters. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, using Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed that only 15 percent of the study subjects had a good awareness of their disease. The majority of patients followed a good medication adherence [79%], good diet adherence [60%], and weak physical activity adherence [61%]. A significant correlation was found between knowledge and adherence to therapeutic regimen [P=0.001, r[p]=0.32]. This study showed that awareness of disease and adherence to physical activity was low in the majority of patients. It is recommended that studies should be conducted to explore effective educational programs and strategies to improve adherence to therapeutic regimen among cardiac patients

Vaccination learning experiences of nursing students: a grounded theory study / 보건의료교육평가

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the experiences of nursing students being trained to perform vaccinations. METHODS: The grounded theory method was applied to gather information through semi-structured interviews. The participants included 14 undergraduate nursing students in their fifth and eighth semesters of study in a nursing school in Iran. The information was analyzed according to Strauss and Corbin's method of grounded theory. RESULTS: A core category of experiential learning was identified, and the following eight subcategories were extracted: students' enthusiasm, vaccination sensitivity, stress, proper educational environment, absence of prerequisites, students' responsibility for learning, providing services, and learning outcomes. CONCLUSION: The vaccination training of nursing students was found to be in an acceptable state. However, some barriers to effective learning were identified. As such, the results of this study may provide empirical support for attempts to reform vaccination education by removing these barriers.

[Survey the burnout and its effect in gwork environment factors on nursing faculty members in Khorasan Razavi province in 1391]

Background: Burnout as multifaceted phenol minions serious issue for many faculty members which, can cause physical and mental diseases. It also can lead to negative attitude to professional activates and reduction of efficacy. This study aimed to assess the level of burnout and its=effect in work environment factors on faculty members of nursing schools in Khorasan Razavi.

Methods: For descriptive analytic study, 79 people were selected among nursing faculty members in the nursing school by census. Data were collected by using standard Maslach burnout and work environment index[NWI questionnaires].Using the SPSS software 11.5 we analyzed data in level of a=0.05by the ANOVA, T test.

Results: finding showed 42 patients [%56.8] of the participants were male. Based on Burnout the lack of personal accomplishment [%77], depersonalization[%74/3] and emotional exhaustion showed medium level[%68.9].Significant relationship was between gender and emotional exhaustion [p<0.001]. There were negative correlation between dimensions of emotional exhaustionandde personalization with subs calesscores of work environment [p<0.05].

Conclusion: High level of emotional exhaustion specially in female faculty members is noticeable. Regarding relation between work environment factors and burnout, It seems that burn out can be controlled by increasing professional communication, teamwork, Professionalism, improving physical work environment..

Teaching methods in community health nursing clerkships: experiences of healthcare staff in Iran / 보건의료교육평가

PURPOSE: Healthcare staff educate nursing students during their clerkships at community health nursing programs. Their teaching methods play an important role in nursing students' acquisition of competencies; however, these methods have not been studied thoroughly. Thus, this study aims to describe, interpret, and understand the experiences of healthcare staff's teaching methods in clerkships at a community health nursing program. METHODS: This study was conducted using purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews with 13 members of the staff of three urban healthcare centers in Iran. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. RESULTS: Multiplicity of teaching was identified as the main category of teaching method, and the five subcategories were teaching through lecture, demonstration, doing, visits and field trips, and readiness. The most common method used by the healthcare staff was lecturing. CONCLUSION: The healthcare staff used multiple methods to teach students in the nursing clerkship of the community health program, which was the strength of the course. However, they should be familiar with, and utilize additional methods, such as discussion rather than lecture.

Challenges of community health nursing education in Iran

Comprehensive studies on community health nursing education have not been performed In Iran and nursing graduates have limited ability to provide health care outside the hospital. However, education policy makers require a thorough understanding of nursing education for training of professional nurses. The aim of the present study is to review the existing challenges of community health nursing education in undergraduate curriculum, and explore its dimension. In this review study, some medical resources including nursing index, nursing consult, Proquest, Scopus, Elsevier, Pub Med, SID, Iranmedex, Magiran and Medlib were used in order to cover all associated studies. Searching articles from 1991 to 2012 was performed by using key words: Undergraduate nursing education, community health, and review studies separately and in combination. Inadequate productivity weakness of holistic and community-oriented attitude of nursing students, non-applicability and poor training methods are the biggest problems in community health nursing education. Education of community health nursing is of poor quality and absence of educational models and appropriate practical programs challenge its progress against major barriers. The findings of this study have provided compelling evidences for authorities involved in nursing education. We believe that the desirable change would be possible by considering the experiences of students; teachers and employees involved in community health nursing, a process providing better understandings and directives for nursing education policy makers

role of nurses in pain management of cornary heart diseases, in Sabzevar, Iran

Chest pain is one of the most important and prevalent symptom in coroner artery diseases, in which the nurse has the key role in its management. This study was done to achieve the objective of assessment of the nurse's role in pain management in patients involved in coronery artery diseases. This descriptive study was done by the use of convenience sampling method in Vassaii hospital in Sabzevar city. 95 instances of chest pain were assessed by the nursed participated. In the research project. The tools used was a researcher_made check list and the nurse's role in different aspects, including the assessment of pain, relieve measures and reevaluating of the pain was studied. All the observations was recheck by third person. The Khowledge and perception of the nurses involved this research was studied by another technique prepared. The most of the nurses put priority assessement on the location of pain and the assessment of other features of the pain did not get much attention, for assessing the verbal pain, the use of verbal descriptive was the main method and no one used the visual analog scale in pain intensity. In 92.6% of the instances the nurses practiced to relieve the pain and in most instances [96.8%] medication was used. The findings showed that in 41.1% instances, no specific reassessment was practiced. This study showed that altough the most nurses are aware of their part in relieving the patients pain but they do not fulfill this role in pain mamagement specially in assessing and reevaluating the pain