ABSTRACT
Empathy plays a major role in improving and regulating the relationship between physician and patient. The objective of this research was to assess the level of empathy with patients and its relationship with the type of favorite specialty in medical students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences in 2017. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 120 medical students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences were selected among fifth-year to seventh-year students using census sampling method. Jefferson's empathy questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests (independent t-test and ANOVA) through SPSS 22 software. The mean score of empathy among medical students was 101.20 ± 16.81 and the highest level of empathy was related to adopting empathic view (50.56 ± 9.54). There was a significant difference between demographic characteristics including gender and interested specialty with the level of empathy (p <0.05). However, the level of empathy with patient did not show significant relationship with other variables, such as marital status, age, and academic years. Results revealed a significant difference between the level of students' empathy and their favorite specialty. Moreover, the level of empathy of medical students with patients increases during academic years, so that the level of empathy in medical students in the sixth year is higher than that in the fifth and fourth years. Given the importance of empathy in the quality of healthcare services, planning to strengthen empathy with patients and inclusion of this concept in medical students' curriculum is recommended.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to identify the prognostic factors that influence the outcome of ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination [IUI] cycles in couples with different infertility etiology. This retrospective study was performed in data of 1348 IUI cycles with ovarian stimulation by clomiphene citrate [CC] and/or gonadotropins in 632 women with five different infertility etiology subgroups at Akbarabbadi Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The pregnancy rate [PR]/ cycle was highest [19.9%] among couples with unexplained infertility and lowest [10.6%] in couples with multiple factors infertility. In cases of unexplained infertility, the best PR[s] were seen after CC plus gonadotropins stimulation [26.3%] and with inseminated motile sperm count>30×10[6] [21.9%], but the tendency didn't reach statistical significant. In the ovarian factor group, the best PR[s] were observed in women aged between 30 and 34 years [20.8%], with 2-3 preovulatory follicles [37.8%] and infertility duration between 1and 3 years [20.8%], while only infertility duration [p=0.03] and number of preovulatory follicles [p=0.01] were statistically significant. Multiple logistic regression analysis determined that number of preovulatory follicles [p=0.02], duration of infertility [p=0.015], age [p=0.019], infertility etiology [p=0.05] and stimulation regimen [p=0.01] were significant independent factors in order to predict overall clinical PR. The etiology of infertility is important to achieve remarkable IUI success. It is worth mentioning that within different etiologies of infertility, the demographic and cycles characteristics of couples did not show the same effect. Favorable variables for treatment success are as follows: age <40, duration of infertility
ABSTRACT
Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy, often associated with significant morbidity and mortality for both mother and newborn. The aim of this study is to evaluate if mean platelet volume during first trimester predict preeclampsia or preterm labour development. All pregnant women, in the first trimester, attending to prenatal clinic at Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital for routine obstetric care during 2010 were enrolled. According to the study, blood sample was taken from women at the first visit in first trimesters and the third and recorded. After delivery, outcome data were obtained. A total of 400 women were included and 35 [8.8%] and 96 [24%] of them developed preeclampsia and preterm labor, respectively. Parameters of platelet during pregnancy were similar between groups. MPV values of pre-eclamptic women were not significantly different with normotensive counterparts. Our study did not provide evidence that MPV changes could predict preeclampsia or preterm labor development.
ABSTRACT
Intrauterine insemination [IUI] is a less expensive and less invasive treatment in comparison with other assisted reproductive techniques, and it has been widely used for a variety of indications as well as in the treatment of couples with infertility. The outcome of IUI may be affected by numerous factors but in this study, we evaluated the effects of cervical mucus removal undertaken before IUI on clinical pregnancy rates. In this randomized clinical trial study, all infertile women who were candidates for IUI and attended Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital during 2009 and 2010 were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups. Cervical mucus was removed prior to IUI in patients in group A but in group B, a classic IUI was done without removing the cervical mucus. Pregnancy rates were assessed in the two groups by serum levels of beta-HCG and detection of fetus in the uterus. 291 women including 143 in the classic IUI group and 148 in cervical mucus removal group completed the study. The pregnancy rates were 14.2% [21 pregnancies upon 148 cycles] in the cervical mucus removal group and 7% [10 pregnancies upon 143 cycles] in the control group [P=0.04, OR: 2.199; CI 95%: 0.997-4.85]. The findings showed that cervical mucus removal could result in a twofold increase in pregnancy rate in comparison with classic IUI. Thus, we suggest this practical and noninvasive method to improve pregnancy rate in these patients